In its battle against a surge of red-hot inflation, the Federal Reserve (the Fed) has unleashed a heavy barrage of interest rate hikes over the past couple of years. You’d usually expect that to bring the economy to its knees, but somehow, America’s growth and its labor market have managed to keep chugging along. This week, we’ll get a fresh look at how well the job scene is doing, with the latest monthly update from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, due Friday. Economists are predicting that the US economy added around 180,000 new jobs in March, down from February’s surprisingly strong 275,000, and that the unemployment rate held steady at 3.9%. In other words, they’re expecting the labor market to have cooled down a bit, but to have stayed in fairly good shape. But they’ll also be focused on wage gains. Pay didn’t increase as much as expected in February. And since rising paychecks are a key driver of inflation, the combination of labor market data points hinted at a healthy balance of sturdy economic growth and softening price rises. If that trend continues, it’ll be music to the Fed’s ears. After all, an overly hot labor market would risk bolstering wages and encouraging Americans to keep on spending, despite higher borrowing costs and consumer prices. That would, in turn, prevent inflation from cooling down toward the Fed’s 2% target. On the other hand, a steep slump in the number of jobs would mean the central bank is failing on its other key responsibility: keeping employment turned up to the max. So with the labor market in a sweet spot and the Fed’s favorite inflation gauge sitting at 2.8% (not that far from target), the central bank should have the confidence it needs to start lowering interest rates back toward more “neutral” levels. Think of this as the equilibrium level of interest rates that keeps employment, growth, and inflation all in harmony. And the Fed is walking the walk, reaffirming at its latest meeting that it still expects to lower interest rates three times this year while penciling in a similar number of cuts for 2025. |