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ScienceDaily: Earth & Climate News |
| Posted: 12 Oct 2021 03:56 PM PDT Urban areas may be at greater risk for precipitation-triggered landslides than rural areas, according to a new study that could help improve landslide predictions and hazard and risk assessments. Researchers found that urban landslide hazard was up to 10 times more sensitive to variations in precipitation than in rural areas. |
| Living near oil and gas wells increases air pollution exposure Posted: 12 Oct 2021 12:48 PM PDT Researchers found increased concentrations of air pollutants downwind from oil and gas wells in California, likely affecting millions of Californians who live near them. |
| Quantum phase transition detected on a global scale deep inside the Earth Posted: 12 Oct 2021 12:47 PM PDT A multidisciplinary team of materials physicists and geophysicists combine theoretical predictions, simulations, and seismic tomography to find spin transition in the Earth's mantle. Their findings will improve understanding of the Earth's interior, and help elucidate the impact of this phenomenon on tectonic events including volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. |
| Arctic sea ice may make a last stand in this remote region; it may lose the battle Posted: 12 Oct 2021 12:00 PM PDT With warming climate, summer sea ice in the Arctic has been shrinking fast, and now consistently spans less than half the area it did in the early 1980s. This raises the question: It this keeps up, in the future will year-round sea ice -- and the creatures who need it to survive -- persist anywhere? A new study addresses this question, and the results are daunting. |
| Mixed results from sage grouse hunting restrictions Posted: 12 Oct 2021 10:07 AM PDT Wildlife agencies throughout western North America have set increasingly more conservative harvest regulations over the past 25 years to conserve sage grouse, with mixed results for bird numbers. |
| How recovery from COVID-19's impact on energy demand could help meet climate targets Posted: 12 Oct 2021 10:07 AM PDT The pandemic-related drop in greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 was likely the largest on record in a single year, but how our recovery might affect future emissions is less clear. New modeling examines alternative scenarios and how they could impact climate mitigation targets. |
| Greenland’s groundwater changes with thinning ice sheet Posted: 12 Oct 2021 10:07 AM PDT For more than a decade, a team of researchers and students have studied the dynamics of the Greenland Ice Sheet as it responds to a warming climate. But while much of their focus has been on the importance of water in controlling processes occurring on the ice sheet, their most recent research findings have flipped the order of their thinking. Researchers discovered that changes to the ice sheet have an immediate impact on the groundwater underlying the Greenland island, an area larger than the state of Alaska. |
| Seasonal variability in lakes’ environmental processes reveal susceptibility to climate change Posted: 12 Oct 2021 10:07 AM PDT A new study has shown how climate change could impact the ecosystems of the planet's largest lakes by revealing varying levels at which their water layers are mixed together through the seasons. Natural mixing in lakes is much stronger during winter months compared to summer months due to differences in wind strengths. |
| Study at molecular level finds Indian River Lagoon green sea turtles biologically stressed Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT Turtles from the heavily polluted Indian River Lagoon (IRL) had compromised immune function. Those with tumors (Green Turtle Fibropapillomatosis or GTF) had less immune competence. Habitat quality, disease state, and immune function are intertwined. Polluted environments impact the immune system and make animals more prone to the expression of GTF, which in turn further compromises the immune system. This vicious cycle may explain why some areas have such a high incidence of GTF, while other areas have turtles that test positive for the GTF virus, but are clinically healthy. |
| Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT In the face of declining fisheries, threatened reef habitat, and changing climatic conditions, non-native mangroves may provide, rather than impede, zooplankton habitat availability in novel locations. |
| How to better identify dangerous volcanoes Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT The more water is dissolved in the magma, the greater the risk that a volcano will explode. A new study now shows that this simple rule is only partially true. Paradoxically, high water content significantly reduces the risk of explosion. |
| Wildfires affect cave diversity underneath scorched surfaces Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT The landscape at Lava Beds National Monument in northern California is typically home to sage and junipers, with unique lava caves twisting underneath the surface. But in the summers of 2020 and 2021, wildfires tore through the region, burning thousands of acres and leaving the surface charred. |
| Nearly 6 million children are driven into severe hunger by the hot, dry shifts of a strong el Niño Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT Up to three times more children suffer severe hunger with each El Niño than from COVID-19. El Niño events provide a snapshot of the future under climate change and chronicle the lack of proactive policy action even when climate events are predictable. |
| When breezy, wear masks outdoors to prevent coronavirus exposure Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT As the delta variant continues to spread, guidelines from the CDC recommend even the vaccinated wear masks indoors to prevent exposure and transmission, though it is less clear what people should do when outside. Researchers used a large eddy simulation to model cough jets in breezy and calm conditions. They found when a person coughs outdoors, wind flowing in the same direction can propagate the virus faster over longer distances than in calm conditions. |
| No apparent shortage of prey for southern resident killer whales in Canadian waters during summer Posted: 12 Oct 2021 08:22 AM PDT A popular belief that there are fewer Chinook salmon during the summer in Canadian waters for southern resident killer whales, compared to an abundance of fish for northern resident killer whales, has been debunked by a new study. |
| ‘Pet prep’ could be key to disaster survival Posted: 12 Oct 2021 06:50 AM PDT Researchers have discovered most pet owners have inadequate plans for their pets if a natural disaster strikes -- but disaster response planners may be able to turn this into a positive. |
| Satellite images can help with environmental land management Posted: 12 Oct 2021 06:18 AM PDT Academics have undertaken research that proves Earth Observation satellite imagery can accurately assess the quality and quantity of some habitat types. |
| Carbon dissolved in Arctic rivers affects our world — here’s how to study it Posted: 12 Oct 2021 05:01 AM PDT Scientists have made significant gains in filling out our understanding of the Arctic's carbon cycle -- or the way that carbon is transferred between the land, ocean and atmosphere. In order to better understand future trends in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and its associated global warming, we need a fuller picture of how carbon cycles between reservoirs in our world. |
| Deaths linked to ‘hormone disruptor’ chemical costs billions in lost US productivity Posted: 12 Oct 2021 05:01 AM PDT Daily exposure chemicals called phthalates, used in the manufacture of plastic food containers and many cosmetics, may lead to roughly 100,000 premature deaths among older Americans each year, a new study shows. The resulting annual economic burden is between $40 billion and $47 billion, a value more than quadruple that of previous estimates. |
| Chemists discover faster-acting forms of insecticide imidacloprid Posted: 12 Oct 2021 05:00 AM PDT Scientists have developed seven crystal forms of imidacloprid -- one of the world's most widely used insecticides -- in an effort to sharply reduce its environmental impact. The new forms work up to nine times faster than the original version, meaning a smaller amount can be used to control insects like infectious disease-transmitting mosquitoes, while reducing the chance of harm to other organisms, such as bees. |
| Insects in the light of land use and climate Posted: 12 Oct 2021 05:00 AM PDT Urbanization appears to be another key factor for insect decline. This is shown by a study in which the impact of climate and land use on insects was disentangled for the first time. |
| Ocean life helps produce clouds, but existing clouds keep new ones at bay Posted: 11 Oct 2021 12:11 PM PDT New findings significantly alter the prevailing understanding of how marine life influences clouds and may change the way scientists predict how cloud formation responds to changes in the oceans. |
| Anticipated spill from deteriorating Red Sea oil tanker threatens public health Posted: 11 Oct 2021 08:08 AM PDT A massive prospective spill from a deserted oil tanker in the Red Sea could lead to catastrophic public health effects in war-torn Yemen and neighboring countries unless urgent action is taken, according to a new study. |
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