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| Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:37 PM PDT By cleverly combining complementary sequencing techniques, researchers have deepened our understanding of the function of known RNA molecules and discovered thousands of new RNAs. A better understanding of our transcriptome is essential to better understand disease processes and uncover novel genes that may serve as therapeutic targets or biomarkers. |
| A new rapid assessment to promote climate-informed conservation and nature-based solutions Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:37 PM PDT A new article introduces a rapid assessment framework that can be used as a guide to make conservation and nature-based solutions more robust to future climate. |
| Sulfur enhances carbon storage in the Black Sea Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:36 PM PDT The depths of the Black Sea store comparatively large amounts of organic carbon. A research team has now presented a new hypothesis as to why organic compounds accumulate in this semi-enclosed sea and other oxygen-depleted waters. Reactions with hydrogen sulfide play an important role in stabilizing carbon compounds, the researchers posit. This negative feedback in the climate system could counteract global warming over geological periods. |
| Beneficial bacteria can be restored to C-section babies at birth Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:36 PM PDT Babies born by Cesarean section don't have the same healthy bacteria as those born vaginally, but a new study finds that these natural bacteria can be restored. |
| Thin, stretchable biosensors could make surgery safer Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:36 PM PDT A research team has developed bio-inks for biosensors that could help localize critical regions in tissues and organs during surgical operations. |
| If you ride an e-scooter, take safety precautions Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:35 PM PDT New research shows that nearly 28% of all electric scooters reported injuries were head and neck injuries. |
| Sorghum, a close relative of corn, tested for disease resistance on Pennsylvania farms Posted: 17 Jun 2021 01:34 PM PDT With sorghum poised to become an important crop grown by Pennsylvania farmers, researchers tested more than 150 germplasm lines of the plant for resistance to a fungus likely to hamper its production. |
| Probing the dynamics of photoemission Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:58 AM PDT Physicists have used ultrashort laser pulses to probe the dynamics of photoelectron emission in tungsten crystals. |
| Passive rewilding can rapidly expand UK woodland at no cost Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:58 AM PDT A long-term passive rewilding study has shown that natural woodland regeneration could make a significant contribution to meeting the UK's ambitious tree planting targets - potentially at no cost and within relatively short timescales. The research found natural growth due to seed dispersal by birds, mammals and wind can produce biodiverse and resilient woodland. |
| Heat spells doom for Aussie marsupials Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT When animals are hot, they eat less. This potentially fatal phenomenon has been largely overlooked in wild animals, explain researchers. |
| Coelacanths may live nearly a century, five times longer than researchers expected Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT Once thought to be extinct, lobe-finned coelacanths are enormous fish that live deep in the ocean. Now, researchers have evidence that, in addition to their impressive size, coelacanths also can live for an impressively long time -- perhaps nearly a century. |
| First months decisive for immune system development Posted: 17 Jun 2021 11:36 AM PDT Many diseases caused by a dysregulated immune system, such as allergies, asthma and autoimmunity, can be traced back to events in the first few months after birth. To date, the mechanisms behind the development of the immune system have not been fully understood. Now, researchers show a connection between breast milk, beneficial gut bacteria and the development of the immune system. |
| Long-term Himalayan glacier study Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT The glaciers of Nanga Parbat - one of the highest mountains in the world - have been shrinking slightly but continually since the 1930s. This loss in surface area is evidenced by a long-term study. The geographers combined historical photographs, surveys, and topographical maps with current data, which allowed them to show glacial changes for this massif in the north-western Himalaya as far back as the mid-1800s. |
| Excess nitrogen puts butterflies at risk Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT Nitrogen from agriculture, vehicle emissions and industry is endangering butterflies in Switzerland. The element is deposited in the soil via the air and has an impact on vegetation -- to the detriment of the butterflies, as researchers have discovered. |
| Novel chirped pulses defy 'conventional wisdom' Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:38 AM PDT Researchers demonstrate highly chirped pulses created by a using a spectral filter in a Kerr resonator, enabling them to widen a laser pulse wavefront by separating the beam's colors. The chirped pulses remain stable even with more than 90% energy loss. |
| Wild chimpanzee orphans recover from the stress of losing their mother Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:37 AM PDT Chronic stress could be one reason why some animal orphans have shorter lives and less offspring. Researchers assessed if, as orphan humans, orphan chimpanzees are exposed to chronic stress. They found that maternal loss is stressful but orphans experience little chronic stress since stress hormones return to normal after two years, possibly thanks to care provided by other chimpanzees. |
| Historical climate effects of permafrost peatland surprise researchers Posted: 17 Jun 2021 10:37 AM PDT Peatlands are an important ecosystem that contribute to the regulation of the atmospheric carbon cycle. A multidisciplinary group of researchers investigated the climate response of a permafrost peatland located in Russia during the past 3,000 years. Unexpectedly, the group found that a cool climate period, which resulted in the formation of permafrost in northern peatlands, had a positive, or warming, effect on the climate. |
| Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT Outside the breeding season many parrots live in dynamic social systems in which individuals travel and forage. These flocks are characterized by frequent changes in composition and their dynamic nature entails a unique set of challenges, such as potential increased aggression and competition for resources. Therefore, the ability to selectively choose the right flock members may be essential to maximize individual fitness. |
| 'Unshackled' palm-destroying beetles could soon invade Australia Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT A destructive pest beetle is edging closer to Australia as biological controls fail, destroying home gardens, plantations and biodiversity as they surge through nearby Pacific islands. |
| New method could reveal what genes we might have inherited from Neanderthals Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT Using neural networks, researchers have developed a new method to search the human genome for beneficial mutations from Neanderthals and other archaic humans. These humans are known to have interbred with modern humans, but the overall fate of the genetic material inherited from them is still largely unknown. Among others, the researchers found previously unreported mutations involved in core pathways in metabolism, blood-related diseases and immunity. |
| Hubble data confirms galaxies lacking dark matter Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT The most accurate distance measurement yet of ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) NGC1052-DF2 (DF2) confirms beyond any shadow of a doubt that it is lacking in dark matter. The newly measured distance of 22.1 +/-1.2 megaparsecs are based on 40 orbits of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, with imaging by the Advanced Camera for Surveys and a 'tip of the red giant branch' (TRGB) analysis. |
| A remote control for gene transfer Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT Researchers develop technology to introduce genes into single cells in a targeted manner. |
| Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:55 AM PDT Bacteria from an Indian landfill could help eliminate contaminated chemicals. The focus is on pesticides such as lindane or brominated flame retardants, which accumulate in nature and in food chains. Researchers used these bacteria to generate enzymes that can break down these dangerous chemicals. |
| A new 'twist' to break viscoelastic liquid bridges Posted: 17 Jun 2021 08:52 AM PDT Scientists have developed a new method that improves dispensing of viscoelastic fluids - a vital process for circuit board production, 3D printing and other industrial applications. The scientists found that twisting these liquid bridges breaks them in a quicker and cleaner way than the conventional method of stretching them. |
| Prototype may diagnose common pregnancy complications by monitoring placental oxygen Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Researchers have developed a prototype device that could potentially diagnose pregnancy complications by monitoring the oxygen level of the placenta. The device sends near-infrared light through the pregnant person's abdomen to measure oxygen levels in the arterial and venous network in the placenta. |
| Study of young chaotic star system reveals planet formation secrets Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Scientists using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to study the young star Elias 2-27 have confirmed that gravitational instabilities play a key role in planet formation, and have for the first time directly measured the mass of protoplanetary disks using gas velocity data, potentially unlocking one of the mysteries of planet formation. |
| Mutant genes can promote genetic transfer across taxonomic kingdoms Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Researchers now have a better understanding of the mechanism underlying how certain bacteria can transfer genetic material across taxonomic kingdoms, including to fungi and protists. Their work could have applications in changing how bacteria perform certain functions or react to changes in their environment. |
| Induced hypothermia after cardiac arrest did not improve survival Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Since 2005, the guidelines for the care of unconscious cardiac arrest patients have been to cool the body temperature down to 33 degrees Celsius. A large, randomized clinical trial has now shown that this treatment does not improve survival. |
| Best strategy to reduce human-bear conflict Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Conservationists have long warned of the dangers associated with bears becoming habituated to life in urban areas. Yet, it appears the message hasn't gotten through to everyone. News reports continue to cover seemingly similar situations -- a foraging bear enters a neighbourhood, easily finds high-value food and refuses to leave. The story often ends with conservation officers being forced to euthanize the animal for public safety purposes. |
| Defining the Hund physics landscape of two-orbital systems Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Electrons are ubiquitous among atoms, subatomic tokens of energy that can independently change how a system behaves -- but they also can change each other. An international research collaboration found that collectively measuring electrons revealed unique and unanticipated findings. |
| When tyrannosaurs dominated, medium-sized predators disappeared Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT A new study shows that medium-sized predators all but disappeared late in dinosaur history wherever Tyrannosaurus rex and its close relatives rose to dominance. In those areas -- lands that eventually became central Asia and Western North America -- juvenile tyrannosaurs stepped in to fill the missing ecological niche previously held by other carnivores. |
| Alpine plant spins its own flavonoid wool Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Like the movie version of Spider-Man who shoots spider webs from holes in his wrists, a little alpine plant has been found to eject cobweb-like threads from tiny holes in specialized cells on its leaves. It's these tiny holes that have taken plant scientists by surprise because puncturing the surface of a plant cell would normally cause it to explode like a water balloon. |
| Dorsal navigation found in a flying insect Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Sweat bees navigate through dark tropical forests guided by canopy patterns. |
| Numerical study reveals origin of 'motion of the ocean' in the straits of Florida Posted: 17 Jun 2021 07:12 AM PDT Using a numerical model that simulates ocean currents, researchers are shedding light on the important ''motion of the ocean'' in the Straits of Florida. They have conducted a first-of-its-kind study identifying the mechanisms behind the formation of sub-mesoscale eddies, which have important environmental implications and play a significant role in the health of the Florida Keys coral reef ecosystem. |
| Study identifies trigger for 'head-to-tail' axis development in human embryo Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT Scientists have identified key molecular events in the developing human embryo between days 7 and 14 -- one of the most mysterious, yet critical, stages of our development. |
| Focus on emotions is key to improving heart health in people living with obesity Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT People living with obesity who attended a non-judgemental and personalized lifestyle modification program improved their cardiovascular and mental health during just 10 weeks, according to a new study. Participants lost weight and achieved benefits in anxiety and depression and physical measurements including blood pressure. |
| AI system-on-chip runs on solar power Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT Engineers have developed an integrated circuit that can carry out complicated artificial-intelligence operations like face, voice and gesture recognition and cardiac monitoring. Powered by either a tiny battery or a solar panel, it processes data at the edge and can be configured for use in just about any type of application. |
| Simple urine test may help early detection of brain tumors Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT A recent study revealed that microRNAs in urine could be a promising biomarker to diagnose brain tumors. Their findings have indicated that regular urine tests could help early detection and treatment of brain tumors, possibly leading to improved patient survival. |
| New invention keeps qubits of light stable at room temperature Posted: 17 Jun 2021 05:27 AM PDT Researchers have developed a new technique that keeps quantum bits of light stable at room temperature instead of only working at -270 degrees. Their discovery saves power and money and is a breakthrough in quantum research. |
| Public concern on human health impact of plastic pollution Posted: 16 Jun 2021 07:06 PM PDT The new study found that both Europeans and Australians were highly concerned about the human health impact of marine plastic pollution, ranking it top of 16 marine-related threats in terms of cause for concern, including chemical or oil spills, marine biodiversity loss and climate change related effects such as sea-level rise and ocean acidification. |
| Children with asymptomatic malaria a 'hidden risk' to disease control efforts Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT The role of people infected with malaria without showing symptoms presents a hidden risk to efforts to control the disease after they were found to be responsible for most infections in mosquitoes, according to a new study. |
| Seabird eggs contaminated with cocktail of plastic additives Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT Chemical additives used in plastic production have been found in herring gull eggs, new research shows. |
| Social secrets of killer whales discovered using drones Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT Killer whales have complex social structures including close 'friendships', according to a new study that used drones to film the animals. |
| New beetle species discovered and named after iconic sci-fi heroines Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT Entomologists have discovered more than three dozen species of ambrosia beetles -- beetles that eat ambrosia fungus -- previously unknown to science. |
| Underwater robot offers new insight into mid-ocean 'twilight zone' Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT An innovative underwater robot known as Mesobot is providing researchers with deeper insight into the vast mid-ocean region known as the 'twilight zone.' Capable of tracking and recording high-resolution images of slow-moving and fragile zooplankton, gelatinous animals, and particles, Mesobot greatly expands scientists' ability to observe creatures in their mesopelagic habitat with minimal disturbance. |
| New models predict fewer lightning-caused ignitions but bigger wildfires by mid century Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT Human-caused wildfire ignitions in Central Oregon are expected to remain steady over the next four decades and lightning-caused ignitions are expected to decline, but the average size of a blaze from either cause is expected to rise, modeling suggests. |
| Scientists unravel the function of a sight-saving growth factor Posted: 16 Jun 2021 04:15 PM PDT Researchers have determined how certain short protein fragments, called peptides, can protect neuronal cells found in the light-sensing retina layer at the back of the eye. The peptides might someday be used to treat degenerative retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). |
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