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| Capturing the impact of human sewage on Earth's coastal ecosystems Posted: 10 Nov 2021 11:54 AM PST A new mapping analysis estimates the amounts of nitrogen and pathogens released into coastal ecosystems from human wastewater sources around the world. |
| Reversing new-onset type 1 diabetes with pyramid-like DNA: Mouse study Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Usually diagnosed in children, teens and young adults, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys insulin-secreting beta-cells in the pancreas. As a result, people with type 1 diabetes can't regulate their blood sugar levels and require insulin treatment for survival. Now, researchers have reversed new-onset type 1 diabetes in mice with pyramid-like DNA molecules called tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs). |
| Student’s research upends understanding of upper atmospheric wind Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST A doctoral student has confirmed that the cross-polar jet, a well-known wind in the upper atmosphere, sometimes inexplicably stops or is deflected or reversed when it reaches the region above Alaska. The finding upends previous understanding. |
| Female bushbabies more stressed, may be more vulnerable to changing environment Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Life isn't always easy for small primates in the Soutpansberg Mountains of South Africa -- foraging for food, contending with cold temperatures and fighting off rivals. A new study explores how they may weather the environmental changes ahead. |
| Zika virus-specific therapy protects the fetal mouse brain Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST A gene-silencing therapy protected against Zika virus transmission from pregnant mice to the mouse fetuses, finds a new study. The treatment, which harnesses nanoparticles called small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for drug delivery, crossed the placenta and blood-brain barrier to greatly reduce fetal neurological damage, including virus-induced brain shrinkage. |
| How do we learn to learn? New research offers an education Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Cognitive training designed to focus on what's important while ignoring distractions can enhance the brain's information processing, enabling the ability to 'learn to learn,' finds a new study on mice. |
| Spread of Transeurasian languages was due to agriculture Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST By triangulating data from linguistics, archaeology and genetics, a new study by an international team of researchers proposes a 'Farming Hypothesis' for the spread of Transeurasian languages, tracing the origins of Japonic, Koreanic, Tungusic, Mongolic and Turkic to the movements of Neolithic millet farmers from the region of the West Liao River. |
| Adding sound to quantum simulations Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Aiming to emulate the quantum characteristics of materials more realistically, researchers have figured out a way to create a lattice of light and atoms that can vibrate -- bringing sound to an otherwise silent experiment. |
| Global temperatures over last 24,000 years show today's warming 'unprecedented' Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST An effort to reconstruct Earth's climate since the last ice age, about 24,000 years ago, highlights the main drivers of climate change and how far out of bounds human activity has pushed the climate system. |
| Striking difference between neurons of humans and other mammals Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:16 AM PST Human neurons have a lower density of ion channels than expected, compared to neurons of other mammals, according to a new study. The researchers hypothesize that a lower channel density may have helped the human brain evolve to operate more efficiently. |
| Back-to-back hurricanes expected to increase in the Gulf Coast Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST By the end of the century, Louisiana and Florida could be twice as likely to experience two tropical storms that make landfall within nine days of each other, according to new model estimates. Being hit by two storms in quick succession gives communities and infrastructure less time to recover between disasters. |
| Needle free glucose monitoring a step closer for diabetics Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST A needle-free technology that would allow people with diabetes to measure blood sugar levels without having to stick a needle into their fingertips is a step closer to reality. |
| Apple chips moisture analysis made easy with near-infrared spectroscopy Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST Dried snack foods such as apple chips are a convenient alternative to fresh fruit, providing longer shelf life and easier storage. Consumers increasingly demand product variety, so companies coat such snack foods with fruit and vegetable powders to enhance taste and sensory appeal. A new study explores the drying process of coated and uncoated apple chips using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to measure moisture content in real time. NIR technology greatly enhances the speed and accuracy of measurements, the researchers say. |
| Immune system early responder can combat COVID-19 Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST A simple RNA molecule jumpstarts the immune system's 'first responders' to viral infection and can even eradicate the SARS-CoV-2 virus in mice with chronic cases of COVID-19, a new study finds. |
| Nuclear radiation used to transmit digital data wirelessly Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST Engineers have successfully transferred digitally encoded information wirelessly using nuclear radiation instead of conventional technology. The researchers measured the spontaneous emission of fast neutrons from californium-252, a radioactive isotope produced in nuclear reactors. Several examples of information, i.e., a word, the alphabet and a random number selected blindly, were encoded serially into the modulation of the neutron field and the output decoded on a laptop which recovered the encoded information on screen. Fast neutrons have an advantage over conventional electromagnetic waves, which are significantly weakened by transmission through materials including metals. |
| New method to detect Tatooine-like planets validated Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST A new method has allowed scientists to quickly detect a transiting planet with two suns. |
| Mechanisms of drug side effects uncovered Posted: 10 Nov 2021 10:15 AM PST Researchers have discovered how drugs can affect various membrane-spanning proteins in addition to their intended target, potentially causing unwanted side effects. The results illuminate one of the central problems of drug discovery and point to new strategies for solving it. |
| New computer model is a key step toward low-temperature preservation of 3D tissues, organs Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Medical science is a key step closer to the cryopreservation of brain slices used in neurological research, pancreatic cells for the treatment of diabetes and even whole organs thanks to a new computer model that predicts how tissue's size will change during the preservation process. |
| Major cities could be close to self-sustaining through fully integrated solar Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Net zero carbon is within reach for a major Australian city through comprehensive adoption of photovoltaics in built environment, new modelling has shown. |
| Plant-based gummy candy helps vegans and vegetarians get their vitamins Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Worldwide, millions of people follow vegan and vegetarian diets for religious, ethical, environmental or economic reasons. While these diets have purported health benefits, they can also lack essential nutrients, such as vitamins B12 and D3, if not well-planned or supplemented correctly. Now, researchers have packed a strawberry-flavored gummy with these vitamins, formulating it without any animal products so vegans and vegetarians can reach their recommended daily allowances (RDA). |
| Mapping eukaryotic plankton globally in all their diversity Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Eukaryotic plankton are an essential and highly diverse component of marine ecosystems. A research team has established their global geographic distribution using DNA data and a probabilistic model. The study highlights large variations in geographic structure between plankton groups depending on their diversity, body size, and ecology, which can be linked to variations in sensitivity to local environmental conditions. |
| Tread lightly: ‘Eggshell planets’ possible around other stars Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Strange 'eggshell planets' are among the rich variety of exoplanets possible, according to a study. These rocky worlds have an ultra-thin outer brittle layer and little to no topography. Such worlds are unlikely to have plate tectonics, raising questions as to their habitability. Planetary geologists have said at least three such worlds found during previous astronomical surveys may already be known. |
| Rapidly evolving species more likely to go extinct, study suggests Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST Researchers have found that fast evolution can lead to nowhere. |
| Baby teeth may one day help identify kids at risk for mental disorders later in life Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:46 AM PST The thickness of growth marks in primary (or 'baby') teeth may help identify children at risk for depression and other mental health disorders later in life, according to a ground-breaking investigation. |
| How gene mutation boosts cancer risk Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:45 AM PST Scientists have revealed why a mutation in the UTX gene disrupts cells' ability to suppress tumors. |
| Identifying individual proteins using nanopores and supercomputers Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:45 AM PST The amount and types of proteins our cells produce tell us important details about our health. Researchers have shown that it is possible to identify individual proteins with single-amino acid resolution and nearly 100% accuracy. Their method uses nanopores -- engineered openings that generate an electrical signal when molecules are pulled through by a specific enzyme. |
| Underbite regained: Species feared extinct is the only frog with true teeth on its lower jaw Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:45 AM PST In a new study, biologists laid to rest a century-old debate by confirming that a single species of frog, out of the more than 7,000 living today, has true teeth on its lower jaw. |
| Common household noises may be stressing your dog Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:45 AM PST Researchers have found that common household noises may be making dogs anxious. Owners may be underestimating their dog's stress. |
| Domestic cats drive spread of Toxoplasma parasite to wildlife Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:43 AM PST New research suggests free-roaming cats are likely to blame in the spread of the potentially deadly Toxoplasma gondii parasite to wildlife in densely populated urban areas. |
| Posted: 10 Nov 2021 07:42 AM PST Using data gathered by the Large Area Telescope onboard NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and a stacking technique combining signals too weak to be observed on their own, researchers detected gamma rays from UFOs -- ultra-fast outflows -- in several nearby galaxies, providing a basis for scientists to understand what happened in our own Milky Way galaxy. |
| Seizure forecasting with wrist-worn devices possible for people with epilepsy Posted: 09 Nov 2021 04:33 PM PST A new study found patterns could be identified in patients who wear a special wristwatch monitoring device for six to 12 months, allowing about 30 minutes of warning before a seizure occurred. This worked well most of the time for five of six patients studied. |
| Posted: 09 Nov 2021 04:32 PM PST The images and accompanying data available for training artificial intelligence (AI) to spot skin cancer are insufficient and include very few images of darker skin, according to new research. |
| Sounding the alarm: How honey bees alert their hive to attacks by giant 'murder' hornets Posted: 09 Nov 2021 04:32 PM PST For the first time, the unique sounds honey bees (Apis cerana) use to alert members of their hive when giant 'murder' hornets attack have been documented. |
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