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| Old drug may have new trick: Protecting against COVID-19 lung injury, study finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST An FDA-approved drug that has been in clinical use for more than 70 years may protect against lung injury and the risk of blood clots in severe COVID-19 and other disorders that cause immune-mediated damage to the lungs, according to a preclinical study. |
| Monkeys, like people, can 'choke under pressure' Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST Being stressed about doing well on a test might not be limited to humans, according to a new study. |
| Changing your diet could add up to a decade to life expectancy, study finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 11:33 AM PST A young adult in the U.S. could add more than a decade to their life expectancy by changing their diet from a typical Western diet to an optimized diet that includes more legumes, whole grains and nuts, and less red and processed meat, according to a new study. For older people, the anticipated gains to life expectancy from such dietary changes would be smaller but still substantial. |
| Hidden magnitude-8.2 earthquake source of mysterious 2021 global tsunami Posted: 08 Feb 2022 09:44 AM PST Scientists have uncovered the source of a mysterious 2021 tsunami that sent waves around the globe. In August 2021, a magnitude 7.5 earthquake hit near the South Sandwich Islands, creating a tsunami that rippled around the globe. The epicenter was 47 kilometers below the Earth's surface -- too deep to initiate a tsunami -- and the rupture was nearly 400 kilometers long, which should have generated a much larger earthquake. |
| Mutating quantum particles set in motion Posted: 08 Feb 2022 08:39 AM PST In the world of fundamental particles, you are either a fermion or a boson but a new study shows that one can behave as the other as they move from one place to another. |
| Giant sponge gardens discovered on seamounts in the Arctic deep sea Posted: 08 Feb 2022 08:39 AM PST Massive sponge gardens thrive on top of seamounts in the Central Arctic Ocean, one of the most oligotrophic seas on Earth. They appear to feed on the remnants of an extinct fauna. Microorganisms support the sponges in exploiting this fluffy material as a source of food and energy. |
| Predicting the efficiency of oxygen-evolving electrolysis on the Moon and Mars Posted: 08 Feb 2022 08:39 AM PST Scientists have today provided more insight into the possibility of establishing a pathway to generate oxygen for humans to potentially call the Moon or Mars 'home' for extended periods of time. |
| New antiviral drug combination is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2, study finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:53 AM PST Researchers have identified a powerful combination of antivirals to treat COVID-19. Combining the drug brequniar with remdesivir or molnupiravir -- both approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for emergency use -- inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human respiratory cells and in mice. |
| Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:53 AM PST It has long been known that Mars once had oceans due in part to a protective magnetic field similar to Earth's. However, the magnetic field disappeared, and new research may finally be able to explain why. Researchers recreated conditions expected in the core of Mars billions of years ago and found that the behavior of the molten metal thought to be present likely gave rise to a brief magnetic field that was destined to fade away. |
| Pink pumice key to revealing explosive power of underwater volcanic eruptions Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST The presence of pink pumice in the giant pumice raft of the 2012 Havre that drifted across the southwest Pacific Ocean has led researchers to recognize the immense power of underwater volcanic eruptions. |
| Pacific Ocean as the greatest theater of bird migration Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST With a surface larger than all the continents together, the Pacific Ocean is the most extreme environment a migratory bird can encounter. Yet there are several bird species that conquer this enormous body of water almost routinely. Migratory bird researchers now provide a synthesis of all the knowns, and especially the many unknowns about the extreme performances of migratory birds such as bar-tailed godwits, whimbrels and red knots, which fly over the Pacific Ocean. |
| A new multipurpose on-off switch for inhibiting bacterial growth Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Researchers have discovered an antitoxin mechanism that seems to be able to neutralize hundreds of different toxins and may protect bacteria against virus attacks. The mechanism has been named Panacea, after the Greek goddess of medicine whose name has become synonymous with universal cure. The understanding of bacterial toxin and antitoxin mechanisms will be crucial for the future success of so-called phage therapy for the treatment of antibiotic resistance infections, the researchers say. |
| Root symbiosis is regulated through nutrient status of plants Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients for plants. Among other functions, it is needed to create substances for the plant's immune system, for the healthy development of seeds and for root growth. Researchers have now demonstrated how a root symbiosis with fungi is driven at the molecular level by the plant's phosphate status. |
| Golfing cockatoos reveal ability to use combined tools Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Cockatoos have shown an extraordinary ability to complete a task by combining simple tools, demonstrating that this cognitive ability is not found only in primates. |
| Arctic winter warming causes cold damage in the subtropics of East Asia Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Due to climate change, Arctic winters are getting warmer. An international study shows that Arctic warming causes temperature anomalies and cold damage thousands of kilometers away in East Asia. This in turn leads to reduced vegetation growth, later blossoming, smaller harvests and reduced CO2 absorption by the forests in the region. |
| Gabon provides blueprint for protecting oceans Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Gabon's network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) provides a blueprint that could be used in many other countries, experts say. Since announcing a new MPA network in 2014, Gabon has created 20 protected areas -- increasing protection of Gabonese waters from less than 1% to 26%. |
| Genome of Steller’s sea cow decoded Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST During the Ice Age, giant mammals such as mammoths, sabre-toothed cats and woolly rhinoceroses once roamed Northern Europe and America. The cold oceans of the northern hemisphere were also home to giants like Steller's sea cow, which grew up to eight meters long and weighed up to ten tons, and has been extinct for around 250 years. Now an international research team has succeeded in deciphering the genome of this ice-age species from fossil bones. They also found an answer to the question of what the genome of this extinct species of sea cow reveals about present-day skin diseases. |
| Important step towards fasting-based therapies Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Voluntary fasting, for example interval fasting, is beneficial to health for many people, depending on their individual condition. For example, controlled periods of starvation can prevent and improve diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Researchers have now found that the immune system plays an important role in ensuring the positive effects of fasting on our bodies. The new findings will help develop more effective therapies based on fasting. |
| Unique seagrass nursery aims to help Florida's starving manatees Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST More than 1,000 manatees died in 2021, due mostly to starvation. They consume about 100 pounds of seagrass a day, and this staple food is now scarce in Florida's Indian River Lagoon (IRL). A new study shows that about 7,400 acres of seagrasses were lost in the IRL between 1943 and 1994. Between 2011 and 2019, about 58 percent of seagrasses were lost. To help with recovery efforts, researchers are experimenting with growing seagrass in large tanks and then transplanting it into the IRL to try to restore some of the lost seagrass beds. |
| Lotus effect: Self-cleaning bioplastics repel liquid and dirt Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Inspired by the always immaculate lotus leaf, researchers have developed a self-cleaning bioplastic that is sturdy, sustainable and compostable. |
| Using the universe’s coldest material to measure the world’s tiniest magnetic fields Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:52 AM PST Using atoms only a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero, a team of researchers has detected magnetic signals undetectable by any other existing sensor technology. |
| Protracted inflammation linked to post-COVID lung problems Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:49 AM PST Scientists have revealed that protracted inflammation following COVID-19 is strongly linked to long-term changes in lung structure and function. |
| Novel structural mechanism of membrane remodelling caused by the protein MakA from Vibrio cholerae Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:49 AM PST New research has led to the discovery of a pH-induced structural mechanism of membrane remodeling caused by the protein MakA, a subunit of the recently described alpha-pore-forming toxin from the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae. |
| Self-assembling and complex, nanoscale mesocrystals can be tuned for a variety of uses Posted: 08 Feb 2022 07:46 AM PST A research team has found the key to controlled fabrication of cerium oxide mesocrystals, according to a recent report. The research is a step forward in tuning nanomaterials that can serve a wide range of uses --including solar cells, fuel catalysts and even medicine. |
| The perilous migratory journey of the eastern whip-poor-will Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST Using GPS tags attached to the birds, researchers discovered some surprising facts about the long migrations that eastern whip-poor-wills make from their Midwest breeding grounds to where they winter in Mexico and Central America. |
| Who’s responsible for roadside rubbish? Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST New research reveals that items in litter typically originate less than two miles from where they're found -- and unless humans remove them, most of these items will never leave the environment. |
| Saturn’s high-altitude winds generate an extraordinary aurorae, study finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST Space scientists have discovered a never-before-seen mechanism fueling huge planetary aurorae at Saturn. |
| Towards self-sensing soft robots with electrochemically driven pumps Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST Soft robots have received much attention recently due to their adaptability and safety. However, the fluidic systems used in these robots continue to use pumps that are large, heavy, and noisy. Now, researchers report a fluid pump driven by electrochemical reactions that are simple, lightweight, silent, and enable self-sensing actuation, with potential applications in wearable technology and touch display devices. |
| Suppressing the spread of tumors Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST When tumors spread, cancer cells migrate to other parts of the body through the blood or lymphatic vessels. Scientists have now found a new protein that prevents cancer cells from doing so by making them stick more tightly to their surroundings. Their findings could in the future help doctors determine the aggressiveness of a tumor and fine-tune the therapy. |
| Simulation training helps hone advanced surgical skills, international trial finds Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST A large-scale study has found that simulation-based surgical training produced an increase of surgeons' skills for more complex surgeries. |
| Newly discovered effect of toxic goiter on brain Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST Toxic goiter affects the brain more than was previously known, a new study shows, and involves volume changes occurring in central parts of the brain. These findings are described as a key advance for a vulnerable group of patients. |
| Anti-odor coating is no washout Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST For the first time, researchers have found a cost-effective and convenient way to apply a silver-based antimicrobial clear coating to new or existing textiles. Their method uses polyphenols, commonly found in food items notorious for staining clothes such as wine and chocolate. A range of textile types can be treated by the researchers' method, and items can be washed multiple times without losing the antimicrobial and therefore anti-odor property. |
| Study in mice shows potential for gene-editing to tackle mitochondrial disorders Posted: 08 Feb 2022 05:50 AM PST Defective mitochondria -- the 'batteries' that power the cells of our bodies -- could in future be repaired using gene-editing techniques. Scientists have now shown that it is possible to modify the mitochondrial genome in live mice, paving the way for new treatments for incurable mitochondrial disorders. |
| Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:57 PM PST In a landmark study of airborne microorganisms from ground level up to 3,500 meters, scientists have found that bacteria and fungi populate the planet's lower atmosphere in very specific ways, and if changed, may negatively impact human health and food supply. |
| Researchers discover repair properties of a protein critical for wound-healing in gut diseases Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:56 PM PST An international team has discovered novel properties of the protein Gasdermin B that promotes repair of cells lining the gastrointestinal tract in people with chronic inflammatory disorders like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. |
| Where mental health help is scarce, telehealth makes a big difference Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:56 PM PST People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or bipolar disorder living in rural areas engaged well with telehealth-based telepsychiatry, though the ones who received local psychotherapy completed more sessions. |
| Bronze Age women altered genetic landscape of Orkney, study finds Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:56 PM PST An international team has used ancient DNA to rewrite the history of the Scottish Orkney islands to show that Orkney actually experienced large-scale immigration during the Early Bronze Age, which replaced much of the local population. |
| Fear of predators in free-living wildlife reduces population growth over generations Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:54 PM PST The fear predators inspire can itself reduce prey population growth rates; thereby conclusively establishing that focusing solely on the number of prey predators directly kill and failing to additionally consider fear, as conventionally done, risks dramatically underestimating the total impact predators have on prey population size. |
| Survivors of weather-related disasters may have accelerated aging Posted: 07 Feb 2022 12:54 PM PST When Hurricane Maria slammed into Puerto Rico in September 2017 as a high-end category 4 storm, it left in its wake the largest catastrophe in the history of the island. Along with the human toll, the devastation impacted all the island's wildlife, including a group of free-ranging rhesus macaques living on the isolated Cayo Santiago island near Puerto Rico. Now, a team of scientists has published one of the first results that shows the effects of natural disasters may have molecularly accelerated aging in the monkeys' immune systems. |
| Chemists develop radical way to make it easier, more profitable to recycle plastic Posted: 07 Feb 2022 10:58 AM PST Very little of the plastic water bottles, milk jugs and yogurt cups we use gets recycled. But chemists now describe a radical method they used to transform tossed out plastic into a tougher, stronger material commonly used for food packaging. Through 'upcycling,' the method may make plastic easier -- and more profitable -- to recycle. |
| COVID-19-associated strokes link to higher disability and death risk, study finds Posted: 07 Feb 2022 09:48 AM PST During the first wave of the pandemic, patients with COVID-19 who experienced strokes caused by blockage of blood flow to brain tissues were more likely to die or have serious complications compared with non-infected stroke patients, a study finds. |
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