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| Recreational marijuana access reduces demand for prescription drugs Posted: 18 Apr 2022 09:29 AM PDT Legalization of recreational marijuana reduces demand for costly prescription drugs through state Medicaid programs, according to a new analysis. |
| Clinicians grapple with decisions in crisis-care simulation Posted: 18 Apr 2022 09:04 AM PDT A new analysis conveys the moral distress that triage team members experienced while participating in a simulated crisis-care event in which they had to decide which patients would and would not be prioritized to receive life-sustaining resources. |
| Recipe for valuable chemical improved Posted: 18 Apr 2022 09:04 AM PDT Theorists show why salt gives a significant speed boost to valuable 2D molybdenum disulfide, an effect they say may work for other 2D materials as well. |
| Extract from a common kitchen spice could be key to greener, more efficient fuel cells Posted: 18 Apr 2022 07:49 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a novel way to combine curcumin -- the substance in turmeric -- and gold nanoparticles to create an electrode that requires 100 times less energy to efficiently convert ethanol into electricity. |
| Neural network model helps predict site-specific impacts of earthquakes Posted: 18 Apr 2022 06:40 AM PDT In disaster mitigation planning for future large earthquakes, seismic ground motion predictions are a crucial part of early warning systems. The way the ground moves depends on how the soil layers amplify the seismic waves (described in a mathematical site 'amplification factor'). However, geophysical explorations to understand soil conditions are costly, limiting characterization of site amplification factors to date. Using data on microtremors in Japan, a neural network model can estimate site-specific responses to earthquakes based on subsurface soil conditions. |
| Taylor Swift, the millipede: Scientists name a new species after the singer Posted: 18 Apr 2022 06:39 AM PDT Taylor Swift, an American singer known for her musical talents, has earned a new accolade. She now has a new species of millipede named after her. The new species of twisted-claw millipede was discovered in the mountains of Tennessee. Scientists described a total of 17 new species from the Appalachian Mountains. |
| Tumors partially destroyed with sound don't come back Posted: 18 Apr 2022 06:39 AM PDT Noninvasive sound technology breaks down liver tumors in rats, kills cancer cells and spurs the immune system to prevent further spread -- an advance that could lead to improved cancer outcomes in humans. |
| AF2Complex: Researchers leverage deep learning to predict physical interactions of protein complexes Posted: 18 Apr 2022 06:39 AM PDT Proteins are the molecular machinery that makes life possible, and researchers have long been interested in a key trait of protein function: their three-dimensional structure. A new study details a computational tool able to predict the structure protein complexes -- and lends new insights into the biomolecular mechanisms of their function. |
| Study shows simple, computationally-light model can simulate complex brain cell responses Posted: 18 Apr 2022 06:38 AM PDT Studying how brain cells respond to signals from their neighbors can aid the understanding of cognition and development. However, experimentally measuring the brain's activity is complicated. Neuron models provide a non-invasive way to investigate the brain, but most existing models are either computationally intensive or cannot model complex neuronal responses. Recently, a team has used a computationally simple neuron model to simulate some of the complex responses of neurons. |
| Some children with cerebral palsy scoliosis may not need pelvic fixation, study shows Posted: 18 Apr 2022 05:57 AM PDT A new study finds that some children with cerebral palsy and scoliosis do not require pelvic fixation when undergoing growth-friendly treatment. Researchers say those with a small enough pelvic and lower lumbar spine tilt may not need screws inserted into the pelvis, potentially avoiding several complications. |
| With dwindling water supplies, the timing of rainfall matters Posted: 18 Apr 2022 05:56 AM PDT A new study shows it's not how much extra water you give your plants, but when you give it that counts. Researchers observed that in summer, plants grow more when given extra water, in addition to any natural rainfall. However, the same is not true in winter. |
| Body's response to different strains of tuberculosis could affect transmission Posted: 16 Apr 2022 01:11 PM PDT Two strains of the bacterium causing tuberculosis have only minor genetic differences but attack the lungs in completely different fashion, according to researchers. |
| DIY digital archaeology: New methods for visualizing small objects and artifacts Posted: 15 Apr 2022 01:38 PM PDT A new article presents step-by-step protocols for creating publishable 2D and 3D visualizations. The techniques will allow anyone to produce high-quality images and models with minimal effort and cost. |
| Changes in vegetation shaped global temperatures over last 10,000 years Posted: 15 Apr 2022 01:38 PM PDT Follow the pollen. Records from past plant life tell the real story of global temperatures. Warmer temperatures brought plants -- and then came even warmer temperatures, according to new model simulations. |
| Unlocking complex workings of the biological clock Posted: 15 Apr 2022 01:37 PM PDT Scientists want to increase their understanding of circadian rhythms, those internal 24-hour biological clock cycles of sleeping and waking that occur in organisms, ranging from humans to plants to fungi to bacteria. Researchers have examined the complex workings of cyanobacteria and can now better comprehend what drives its circadian clock. |
| New knowledge on lymphoid cell maturity could lead to more effective IBD therapies Posted: 15 Apr 2022 01:37 PM PDT A research group has analyzed how certain immune cells known as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop into mature cells that play a part in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings could pave the way for more effective treatments against IBD, a disease that causes considerable suffering and that is linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. |
| Posted: 15 Apr 2022 01:37 PM PDT In a work of systematic biology that advances the field, researchers have identified 16 distinct cell populations in a complex area of the midbrain called the ventral tegmental area, or VTA. The VTA is important for its role in the dopamine neurotransmission involved in reward-directed behavior. Substance use disorders involve dysregulation of these reward circuits, leading to repeated drug-seeking despite adverse consequences. |
| Engineers enlist AI to help scale up advanced solar cell manufacturing Posted: 15 Apr 2022 10:54 AM PDT Perovskite materials could potentially replace silicon to make solar cells that are far thinner, lighter, and cheaper. But turning these materials into a product that can be manufactured competitively has been a long struggle. A new system using machine learning could speed the development of optimized production methods, and help make this next generation of solar power a reality. |
| Rain, floods and green infrastructure: Are cities mitigating the hazards equitably? Posted: 15 Apr 2022 09:47 AM PDT New research combines demographic data with the distribution of GI and geographic areas prone to rainwater flooding in Portland, Phoenix and Atlanta and asks whether these cities are equitably building GI to mitigate flood risks. |
| US Nationwide maps of bird species can help protect biodiversity Posted: 15 Apr 2022 09:47 AM PDT Researchers have developed the maps at a fine-enough resolution to help conservation managers focus their efforts where they are most likely to help birds -- in individual counties or forests, rather than across whole states or regions. |
| A new toolkit to engineer safe and efficient therapeutic cells Posted: 15 Apr 2022 09:47 AM PDT Researchers undertook a systematic analysis of the molecular building blocks used to engineer therapeutic cells. Their work resulted in a comprehensive rule book for the design of therapeutic cells with improved specificity and safety, and for the eventual customization of cell-based therapies. |
| Methane from waste should not be wasted: Exploring landfill ecosystems Posted: 15 Apr 2022 09:47 AM PDT Scientists explore microbial communities flourishing in leachate, a liquid percolating through solid waste in a landfill. They find that the composition and behavior of specific microbes found in arid landfills, like those in Arizona, are distinct from similar communities in more subtropical or temperate climates. Microbial composition also differs depending on the age of the landfill deposits. |
| Research could enable assembly line synthesis of prevalent amine-containing drugs Posted: 15 Apr 2022 08:58 AM PDT A research team has discovered a new chemical reaction that provides a simple, rapid way of making tertiary amines -- swinging the door wide open to the discovery of new medicinal compounds. |
| Study reveals male sex hormones are new targets for cancer immunotherapy Posted: 15 Apr 2022 08:21 AM PDT A study examined the differences in intratumoral immune responses between male and female cancers of non-reproductive origin. |
| Smoking reduces wealth's tendency to increase life expectancy Posted: 15 Apr 2022 08:21 AM PDT A new study finds that the percentage of Americans surviving from age 65 to 85 was 19 percentage points higher for someone with at least $300,000 in wealth than for those with no assets. But there was a 37 percentage point difference between those who never smoked and current smokers. |
| Rilzabrutinib for blood disorder shows promise in phase 1--2 clinical trial Posted: 15 Apr 2022 07:05 AM PDT In an international phase 1--2 clinical trial of patients with immune thrombocytopenia, an oral investigational drug called rilzabrutinib was active and associated with only low-level toxic effects at all dose levels. |
| Posted: 14 Apr 2022 11:39 AM PDT A cell's production of fat molecules can be a key factor in determining what that cell will become. |
| Methionine restriction may improve aggressive brain cancer prognosis in children Posted: 14 Apr 2022 09:35 AM PDT Deadly brain cancers called diffuse midline gliomas are uniquely dependent on methionine, an amino acid abundant in legumes and poultry. |
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