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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Study finds realism a key factor in driving engagement with virtual reality videos Posted: 12 May 2022 09:19 AM PDT A recent study finds that realism is a key factor in determining whether viewers engage with virtual reality videos -- and that engagement is itself a key factor in determining whether viewers are interested in watching VR videos in the future. |
| Aerodynamic model of a moving car and its tires Posted: 12 May 2022 09:18 AM PDT Engineers have produced a video simulation to illustrate the complex aerodynamics around a moving car and its tires. |
| Breakthrough tech enables seizure localization in minutes Posted: 12 May 2022 09:18 AM PDT New research introduces a novel network analysis technology that uses minimally invasive resting state electrophysiological recordings to localize seizure onset brain regions and predict seizure outcomes in just 10 minutes. |
| New research could provide earlier warning of tsunamis Posted: 12 May 2022 06:26 AM PDT A new method of detecting mega earthquakes, which picks up on the gravity waves they generate by using deep-learning models, can estimate earthquake magnitude in real time and provide earlier warning of tsunamis. |
| Slow walking may be to blame for perceived congestion in pedestrian areas Posted: 12 May 2022 06:26 AM PDT When designing public spaces or other places where foot traffic is considered, planners and architects need to know how people perceive the spaces in question. It is commonly believed that a space will feel more congested if the crowd density is higher. However, new research suggests that walking speed of individuals actually plays a greater role than crowd density in how someone feels about a busy space. Also, age and gender seem to affect someone's perception of how congested an enclosed space feels to them. |
| Novel supramolecular CRISPR-Cas9 carrier enables more efficient genome editing Posted: 11 May 2022 09:36 AM PDT CRISPR-Cas9 is considered a revolutionary gene editing tool, but its applications are limited by a lack of methods by which it can be safely and efficiently delivered into cells. Recently, a research team has constructed a highly flexible CRISPR-Cas9 carrier using aminated polyrotaxane (PRX) that can not only bind with the unusual structure of Cas9 and carry it into cells, but can also protect it from intracellular degradation by endosomes. |
| One particle on two paths: Quantum physics is right Posted: 11 May 2022 09:35 AM PDT The famous double slit experiment shows that particles can travel on two paths at the same time -- but only by looking at a lot of particles and analysing the results statistically. Now a two-path-interference experiment has been designed that only has to measure one specific particle to prove that it travelled on two paths. |
| Laser bursts drive extremely fast logic gates Posted: 11 May 2022 09:35 AM PDT By clarifying the role of 'real' and 'virtual' charge carriers in laser-induced currents, researchers have taken a decisive step toward creating ultrafast computers. |
| Traveling to the centre of planet Uranus: Materials synthesis research and study in terapascal range Posted: 11 May 2022 09:35 AM PDT Jules Verne could not even dream of this: A research team has pushed the boundaries of high-pressure and high-temperature research into cosmic dimensions. For the first time, they have succeeded in generating and simultaneously analyzing materials under compression pressures of more than one terapascal (1,000 gigapascals). Such extremely high pressures prevail, for example, at the center of the planet Uranus; they are more than three times higher than the pressure at the center of the Earth. |
| Scientists discovers new properties of magnetism that could change our computers Posted: 11 May 2022 07:28 AM PDT A fundamental property of magnetism has been disclosed through new research. The discovery may be key to development of a new generation of powerful computers. |
| Researchers reveal the origin story for carbon-12, a building block for life Posted: 11 May 2022 07:27 AM PDT After running simulations on the world's most powerful supercomputer, an international team of researchers has developed a theory for the nuclear structure and origin of carbon-12, the stuff of life. The theory favors the production of carbon-12 in the cosmos. |
| Researchers find way to form diodes from superconductors Posted: 11 May 2022 07:27 AM PDT Researchers have demonstrated how a heterostructure consisting of superconductors and magnets can be used to create uni-directional current like that found in semiconductor diodes. |
| Small, mini, nano: Gear units created from a few atoms Posted: 11 May 2022 05:57 AM PDT Ever smaller and more intricate -- without miniaturization, we wouldn't have the components today that are required for high-performance laptops, compact smartphones or high-resolution endoscopes. Research is now being carried out in the nanoscale on switches, rotors or motors that comprise of only a few atoms in order to build what are known as molecular machines. |
| Machine learning framework IDs targets for improving catalysts Posted: 11 May 2022 05:57 AM PDT Chemists have developed a new machine-learning (ML) framework that can zero in on which steps of a multistep chemical conversion should be tweaked to improve productivity. The approach could help guide the design of catalysts -- chemical 'dealmakers' that speed up reactions. |
| Artificial cell membrane channels composed of DNA can be opened and locked with a key Posted: 10 May 2022 03:55 PM PDT Scientists describe the design and construction of artificial membrane channels, engineered using short segments of DNA. The DNA constructions behave much in the manner of natural cell channels or pores, offering selective transport of ions, proteins, and other cargo, with enhanced features unavailable in their naturally occurring counterparts. |
| Computational sleuthing confirms first 3D quantum spin liquid Posted: 10 May 2022 01:34 PM PDT Computational detective work by physicists has confirmed cerium zirconium pyrochlore is a 3D quantum spin liquid, a solid material in which quantum entanglement and the geometric arrangement of atoms cause electrons to fluctuate between quantum magnetic states no matter how cold they become. |
| 4D composite printing can improve the wings of drones Posted: 10 May 2022 01:34 PM PDT The aviation industry faces multiple pressures from higher fuel costs and increased scrutiny over the environmental and quality-of-life impacts from its aircraft. Researchers are looking for new methods of keeping expenses down while improving overall efficiency, and the relatively new market of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) -- or drones -- is no exception. |
| Academic study of East African maritime traditions shows changes in boatbuilding Posted: 10 May 2022 12:15 PM PDT The first detailed academic study of East African maritime traditions shows changes in boatbuilding techniques but the continuing use of wooden vessels by fishers. |
| Scientists advance renewable hydrogen production method Posted: 10 May 2022 09:24 AM PDT Perovskite materials may hold the potential to play an important role in a process to produce hydrogen in a renewable manner, according to a recent analysis. Hydrogen has emerged as an important carrier to store energy generated by renewable resources, as a substitute for fossil fuels used for transportation, in the production of ammonia, and for other industrial applications. |
| At home, do-it-yourself fluid mechanics Posted: 10 May 2022 09:24 AM PDT Scientists describe their work on an at-home study of rheology, which is used to study the way non-Newtonian liquids or semisolid substances flow. The projects assigned to students had two parts: gathering qualitative visual evidence of rheological properties and taking quantitative measurements. The students checked for four behaviors -- shear thinning viscosity, viscoelasticity, shear normal stress difference, and extensional viscosity -- and even without access to laboratory rheometers, they developed creative and unique ways to carry out their measurements. |
| Exploring dynamics of blood flow in vascular, atherosclerotic diseases Posted: 10 May 2022 09:24 AM PDT Researchers present clinicians with information about the risk factors for atherosclerotic plaque formation from a mechanical point of view. The scientists are exploring whether it is possible to screen and intervene early for people at risk for atherosclerotic disease from the perspective of hemodynamics, using color Doppler ultrasound, coronary computed tomography angiography, and other screenings. The researchers used a multipoint, noncontact laser flow measurement method called microparticle image velocimetry. |
| High-performance hysteresis-free perovskite transistors Posted: 10 May 2022 07:30 AM PDT Engineers have developed p-channel transistors through halide anion engineering. The new technology realizes a threshold voltage of 0 V and is hysteresis-free and high performing. |
| Spintronics: How an atom-thin insulator helps transport spins Posted: 10 May 2022 07:29 AM PDT An intermediate layer consisting of a few atoms is helping to improve the transport of spin currents from one material to another. Until now, this process involves significant losses. A team reports on how this can be avoided. The researchers thus demonstrate important new insights relevant for many spintronic applications, for example energy-efficient and ultra-fast storage technologies of the future. |
| Head, body, eye coordination conserved across animal kingdom Posted: 10 May 2022 07:28 AM PDT Fruit flies synchronize the movements of their heads and bodies to stabilize their vision and fly effectively, according to researchers who utilized virtual-reality flight simulators. The finding appears to hold true in primates and other animals, the researchers say, indicating that animals evolved to move their eyes and bodies independently to conserve energy and improve performance. This understanding could inform the design of advanced mobile robots. |
| Hidden distortions trigger promising thermoelectric property Posted: 09 May 2022 04:15 PM PDT A study describes a new mechanism for lowering thermal conductivity to aid the search for materials that convert heat to electricity or electricity to heat. Scientists describe the previously hidden sub-nanoscale origins of exceptional thermoelectric properties in silver gallium telluride. The discovery reveals a quantum mechanical twist on what drives the emergence of these properties -- and opens up a completely new direction for searching for new high-performance thermoelectrics. |
| Ultrafast 'camera' captures hidden behavior of potential 'neuromorphic' material Posted: 09 May 2022 12:07 PM PDT Imagine a computer that can think as fast as the human brain while using very little energy. That's the goal of scientists seeking to discover or develop 'neuromorphic' materials that can send and process signals as easily as the brain's neurons and synapses. In a paper just published scientists describe surprising new details about vanadium dioxide, one of the most promising neuromorphic materials. |
| 'Self-driving' microscopes discover shortcuts to new materials Posted: 09 May 2022 12:07 PM PDT Researchers are teaching microscopes to drive discoveries with an intuitive algorithm that could guide breakthroughs in new materials for energy technologies, sensing and computing. |
| Confirmed: Atmospheric helium levels are rising Posted: 09 May 2022 08:21 AM PDT Scientists used an unprecedented technique to detect that levels of helium are rising in the atmosphere, resolving an issue that has lingered among atmospheric chemists for decades. |
| Multi-tasking wearable continuously monitors glucose, alcohol, and lactate Posted: 09 May 2022 08:20 AM PDT Imagine being able to measure your blood sugar levels, know if you've had too much to drink, and track your fatigue during a workout, all in one small device worn on your skin. Engineers developed a prototype of such a wearable that continuously monitors several health stats at once. |
| New method to synchronize devices on Earth makes use of cosmic rays Posted: 09 May 2022 08:20 AM PDT Various technologies, networks and institutions benefit from or require accurate time keeping to synchronize their activities. Current ways of synchronizing time have some drawbacks that a new proposed method seeks to address. The cosmic time synchronizer works by synchronizing devices around cosmic ray events detected by those devices. This could bring accurate timing abilities to remote sensing stations, or even underwater, places that other methods cannot serve. Early tests show promise, but the real challenge may lie in the adoption of this new technique. |
| Failed eruptions are at the origin of copper deposits Posted: 09 May 2022 08:20 AM PDT Copper is one of the most widely used metals on the planet today due to its electrical and thermal conduction properties. The greatest natural resources of this metal are the so-called 'porphyry' deposits that come from magmas deep in the Earth. In recent research, scientists demonstrate that these deposits are largely produced by mechanisms similar to those causing large volcanic eruptions. At a time when current copper resources are dwindling and this metal plays a key role in the energy transition, this discovery opens up new avenues for the development of tools to find new deposits. |
| It's all in the wrist: A portable MRI system for early detection of sports injuries Posted: 06 May 2022 08:33 AM PDT To provide a convenient tool for the early detection of injuries, researchers have developed a portable MRI device for diagnosing cartilage damage in the wrist. Using this device, the researchers imaged the wrists of tennis players at a tennis school. Several athletes were found to have cartilage damage without any other symptoms of an injury. Thus, this device provides a convenient early screening tool to help prevent further injury or damage. |
| Silicon nanoparticles are attracted to vortices in superfluid helium Posted: 04 May 2022 11:45 AM PDT Researchers use silicon nanoparticles to help visualize the coalescence of quantized vortices that occur in superfluid helium, which can help improve our understanding of quantum fluids and materials, including superconductors. |
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