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ScienceDaily: Matter & Energy News |
| Researchers use CRISPR technology to modify starches in potatoes Posted: 25 May 2022 01:37 PM PDT Humble potatoes are a rich source not only of dietary carbohydrates for humans, but also of starches for numerous industrial applications. Scientists are learning how to alter the ratio of potatoes' two starch molecules -- amylose and amylopectin -- to increase both culinary and industrial applications. |
| Tiny robotic crab is smallest-ever remote-controlled walking robot Posted: 25 May 2022 12:17 PM PDT Engineers have developed the smallest-ever remote-controlled walking robot -- and it comes in the form of a tiny, adorable peekytoe crab. Just a half-millimeter wide, the tiny crabs can bend, twist, crawl, walk, turn and even jump. Although the research is exploratory at this point, the researchers believe their technology might bring the field closer to realizing micro-sized robots that can perform practical tasks inside tightly confined spaces. |
| Artificial cilia could someday power diagnostic devices Posted: 25 May 2022 10:12 AM PDT Researchers have now designed a micro-sized artificial cilial system using platinum-based components that can control the movement of fluids at such a scale. The technology could someday enable low-cost, portable diagnostic devices for testing blood samples, manipulating cells or assisting in microfabrication processes. |
| Physicist uses intuition, supercomputers to identify new high-temperature superconductor Posted: 25 May 2022 10:12 AM PDT In 2021, scientists discovered a new form of superconducting nickelate using computational methods. The discovery lets researchers explore similarities and differences between nickelates and cuprates -- promising copper-based materials -- and among nickelates. Both families of materials appear to display 'super-exchange,' where the material trades electrons in copper or nickel atoms through a pathway that contains oxygen, rather than directly. This, researchers believe, may be one of the factors that governs superconductivity. |
| Researchers teleport quantum information across rudimentary quantum network Posted: 25 May 2022 10:11 AM PDT Researchers have succeeded in teleporting quantum information across a rudimentary network. This first of its kind is an important step towards a future quantum Internet. This breakthrough was made possible by a greatly improved quantum memory and enhanced quality of the quantum links between the three nodes of the network. |
| Roboticists go off road to compile data that could train self-driving ATVs Posted: 25 May 2022 08:09 AM PDT Researchers took an all-terrain vehicle on wild rides through tall grass, loose gravel and mud to gather data about how the ATV interacted with a challenging, off-road environment. They drove the heavily instrumented ATV aggressively at speeds up to 30 miles an hour. They slid through turns, took it up and down hills, and even got it stuck in the mud -- all while gathering data such as video, the speed of each wheel and the amount of suspension shock travel from seven types of sensors. |
| High air pollution from fracking in Ohio county Posted: 25 May 2022 08:09 AM PDT Residents of Belmont County in eastern Ohio have long suffered from health problems they suspected were the result of air pollution from fracking facilities, but regulators dismissed and downplayed their concerns. With technical assistance from volunteer scientists, local advocacy groups set up their own network of low-cost sensors. They found that the region's three EPA sensors were not providing an accurate picture: The sensors revealed concerning levels of air pollution, and correlations between local spikes and health impacts. |
| Silicone wristbands track firefighters' exposures to harmful chemicals Posted: 25 May 2022 08:09 AM PDT Researchers have used silicone wristbands to track firefighters' exposures to 134 potentially carcinogenic chemicals. Analysis of the chemicals absorbed by the wristbands over a six-day shift show that while some exposures are linked to being at the scene of a fire, others aren't. This suggests that just being a firefighter means you are exposed to more of these compounds than the average adult, regardless of whether you respond to a fire. |
| Chemists' HAT trick for greener chemical synthesis Posted: 25 May 2022 08:08 AM PDT A technique used in chemical synthesis is called hydrogen atom transfer, or HAT. It's a potentially powerful and versatile chemical tool, but technical constraints have limited its use. Now chemists have borrowed a technique from the chemistry of energy storage to accomplish HAT with fewer chemicals and less cost. |
| Secure communication with light particles Posted: 25 May 2022 07:29 AM PDT While quantum computers offer many novel possibilities, they also pose a threat to internet security since these supercomputers make common encryption methods vulnerable. Based on the so-called quantum key distribution, researchers have developed a new, tap-proof communication network. |
| Researchers develop new biobattery for hydrogen storage Posted: 25 May 2022 07:29 AM PDT A team of microbiologists has succeeded in using bacteria for the controlled storage and release of hydrogen. This is an important step in the search for carbon-neutral energy sources in the interest of climate protection. |
| The road to success when it comes to mitigating flood disasters Posted: 25 May 2022 05:04 AM PDT As Australia continues to mop up after one of the wettest years on record, councils might want to consider a new flood mitigation strategy -- permeable pavements to suit specific soil and rainfall conditions. |
| Sensing contaminants inside water pipes Posted: 23 May 2022 06:33 AM PDT Researchers create a flexible, in-pipe sensor sheet for the continuous monitoring of liquid quality. By measuring the voltage induced inside a carbon nanotube layer, the concentration of various analytes can be determined. This work can lead to significant improvements in food purity and environmental cleanliness. |
| Organic crystals can serve as energy converters for emerging technologies Posted: 20 May 2022 03:13 PM PDT New research demonstrates that organic crystals, a new class of smart engineering materials, can serve as efficient and sustainable energy conversion materials for advanced technologies such as robotics and electronics. |
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