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ScienceDaily: Mind & Brain News |
| Even in a virtual classroom, preschoolers can gain reading skills Posted: 11 Apr 2022 10:34 AM PDT A new study finds that children can develop key reading skills in a virtual classroom with other students. |
| Time-lapse images as the living brain responds to experiences Posted: 11 Apr 2022 09:07 AM PDT Researchers use manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to capture time-lapse images of the living brain. |
| Psilocybin rewires the brain for people with depression, study finds Posted: 11 Apr 2022 08:37 AM PDT Psilocybin fosters greater connections between different regions of the brain in depressed people, freeing them up from long-held patterns of rumination and excessive self-focus, according to a new study. |
| Smoking increased in those trying to quit during COVID-19, study shows Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:14 AM PDT A study showed statistically significant and potentially clinically important differences between those who increased and decreased tobacco use during the pandemic. Among current smokers, 28.2 percent reported increased tobacco use, 17.3 percent reported decreased tobacco use and 54.5 percent reported no change. In addition, there were no reports of relapse among former smokers. |
| Hyperbaric oxygen therapy shows promise for opioid addiction treatment Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:14 AM PDT Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may help people being treated for opioid addiction reduce their methadone dose and better manage pain and withdrawal symptoms, according to a pair of recent studies. The research team recruited participants enrolled in a local opioid treatment program to test the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, a treatment that involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized environment. |
| Certain personality traits associated with cognitive functioning late in life Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:13 AM PDT People who are organized, with high levels of self-discipline, may be less likely to develop mild cognitive impairment as they age, while people who are moody or emotionally unstable are more likely to experience cognitive decline late in life, according to new research. |
| Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:13 AM PDT A trial which used artificial intelligence to train new teachers to spot potential learning difficulties in pupils found that the approach significantly improved their assessment skills. 178 trainees assessed six fictionalised pupils for potential signs of conditions such as dyslexia and ADHD. Half received feedback in the form of a pre-written 'expert solution', while the others received feedback from AI. In a subsequent test of the quality of their reasoning when predicting potential learning difficulties in pupils, those who received the AI feedback scored 10 percentage points higher than the other group. The researchers suggest that AI may therefore be an effective substitute for close, personal feedback on teacher training programmes when training these skills, if one-to-one support is not available. |
| Research helps provide scientific framework for psilocybin use in therapeutic settings Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:12 AM PDT A new paper provides a scientific framework to help shape the rollout of a program in Oregon that will legally permit the use of psilocybin for therapeutic reasons. |
| A single memory is stored across many connected brain regions Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:12 AM PDT Innovative brain-wide mapping study shows that 'engrams,' the ensemble of neurons encoding a memory, is widely distributed including among regions not previously recognized. |
| Children think farm animals deserve same treatment as pets Posted: 11 Apr 2022 07:12 AM PDT Children differ dramatically from adults in their moral views on animals, new research shows. |
| Posted: 10 Apr 2022 08:07 AM PDT New research finds that the consumption of healthy plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, coffee, and legumes, is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in generally healthy people and support their role in diabetes prevention. |
| Posted: 08 Apr 2022 07:31 AM PDT A new study finds that liberals and conservatives differ in how they perceive dominance in women, which may influence their likelihood to vote them into political office. |
| How to keep knowledge alive for emergencies Posted: 07 Apr 2022 11:19 AM PDT Researchers have investigated how to prevent knowledge and skills that were learned long ago and are rarely used from getting rusty. |
| Scientists unveil the format of working memory Posted: 07 Apr 2022 11:19 AM PDT A team of scientists has discovered how working memory is 'formatted' -- a finding that enhances our understanding of how visual memories are stored. |
| Researchers accurately identify people with PTSD through text data alone Posted: 07 Apr 2022 09:16 AM PDT Researchers have trained a machine learning model to identify people with post-traumatic stress disorder with 80 per cent accuracy by analyzing text data. The model could one day serve as an accessible and inexpensive screening tool to support health professionals in detecting and diagnosing PTSD or other mental health disorders through telehealth platforms. |
| People wrongly believe their friends will protect them from COVID-19 Posted: 07 Apr 2022 07:11 AM PDT People may feel less vulnerable and take fewer safety precautions about COVID-19 when they are with, or even just think about, their friends instead of acquaintances or strangers, according to new research. |
| Clearest genetic signals yet for schizophrenia risk Posted: 06 Apr 2022 10:24 AM PDT In a landmark genetic study of more than 121,000 people, an international consortium called SCHEMA, led by researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, has identified extremely rare protein-disrupting mutations in 10 genes that strongly increase an individual's risk of developing schizophrenia -- in one instance, by more than 20-fold. |
| Landmark study implicates specific genes in schizophrenia Posted: 06 Apr 2022 10:24 AM PDT The largest ever genetic study of schizophrenia has identified large numbers of specific genes that could play important roles in the psychiatric disorder. A group of hundreds of researchers across 45 countries analysed DNA from 76,755 people with schizophrenia and 243,649 without it to better understand the genes and biological processes underpinning the condition. The new study found a much larger number of genetic links to schizophrenia than ever before, in 287 different regions of the genome, the human body's DNA blueprint. |
| Are people more willing to empathize with animals or with other humans? Posted: 06 Apr 2022 10:23 AM PDT Are people more likely to feel empathy for animals than humans? New Penn State research found that the answer is complicated, and the findings could have implications for how messaging to the public about issues like new environmental policies is framed, among others. |
| Neolithic made us taller and more intelligent but more prone to heart disease Posted: 06 Apr 2022 07:17 AM PDT After the Neolithic, European populations showed an increase in height and intelligence, reduced skin pigmentation and increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to genetic changes that lowered concentrations of 'good' HDL cholesterol. The changes reflect ongoing evolutionary processes in humans and highlight the impact the Neolithic revolution had on our lifestyle and health. Research of these past events offers interesting starting points for today's science and health care. |
| Posted: 06 Apr 2022 07:16 AM PDT Researchers are investigating the psychological impact of social isolation in harsh environments, such as on the Moon. |
| Five childhood risk factors predict heart attacks and strokes in adulthood Posted: 06 Apr 2022 07:15 AM PDT Five childhood risk factors that predict stroke and heart attacks in adulthood have been identified after being tracked for up to half a century in the world's largest international prospective cardiovascular disease study. |
| Good news: People can recover and thrive after mental illness and substance-use disorders Posted: 05 Apr 2022 02:17 PM PDT There is good news for people suffering from depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and other mental health disorders. New research explains how people who have suffered from mental illness can go on to develop a long-lasting sense of well-being and achieve a 'high-functioning' life. |
| Researchers identify an immunotherapy target to combat glioblastomas Posted: 05 Apr 2022 02:17 PM PDT Researchers have identified the genetic and molecular fingerprints of different cancer and immune cells in glioblastoma, the deadliest and most common type of brain cancer in adults. Their in-depth molecular analysis of over 200,000 single cells revealed a protein that could be a potential therapeutic target for restoring antitumor action of immune cells toward glioblastomas that have otherwise tricked the immune system into protecting it. |
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