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| Machine learning platform mines nature for new drugs Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new process using machine learning algorithms to match the signals of a microbe's metabolites with its genomic signals and identify which likely correspond to a natural product. Knowing that, researchers are better equipped to isolate the natural product to begin developing it for a possible drug and possibly reinvigorate the search for natural product drugs. |
| Scientist identifies signaling underlying regeneration Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT The mystery of why salamanders can regenerate a lost limb, but adult mammals cannot has fascinated observers for thousands of years. Now, a team of scientists has come a step closer to unraveling that mystery with the discovery of differences in molecular signaling that promote regeneration in the axolotl, a highly regenerative salamander, while blocking it in the adult mouse. |
| Particle-free silver microgrid outperforms other flexible high-performance transparent electrodes Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT New research investigates the use of microgrids printed with particle-free silver inks, demonstrating its advantages when compared with other particle-based inks. |
| Dead zones formed repeatedly in North Pacific during warm climates Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT An analysis of sediment cores from the Bering Sea has revealed a recurring relationship between warmer climates and abrupt episodes of low-oxygen 'dead zones' in the subarctic North Pacific Ocean over the past 1.2 million years. The findings provide crucial information for understanding the causes of low oxygen or 'hypoxia' in the North Pacific and for predicting the occurrence of hypoxic conditions in the future. |
| Oldest human traces from the southern Tibetan Plateau in a new light Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:34 PM PDT Researchers have used a new optical dating technique to directly constrain the age of prehistoric stone artefacts from an archaeological site in southern Tibet. The findings are more than 5,000 years old and thus the oldest evidence of human presence in this part of the Tibetan Plateau. |
| The powerhouse future is flexoelectric Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT Researchers have demonstrated 'giant flexoelectricity' in soft elastomers that could improve robot movement range and make self-powered pacemakers a real possibility. |
| How is the genome like an open book? New research shows cells' 'library system' Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT The organization of the human genome relies on physics of different states of matter - such as liquid and solid. The findings reveal how the physical nature of the genome changes as cells transform to serve specific functions and point to new ways to potentially better understand disease and to create improved therapies for cancer and genetic disorders. |
| Similarity of legs, wheels, tracks suggests target for energy-efficient robots Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT A new formula is leading to new insights on how to build an energy-efficient legged teammate for dismounted warfighters. |
| Major advance in fabrication of low-cost solar cells also locks up greenhouse gases Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT Engineers have created a means of vastly increasing the speed and efficiency of a key doping process for perovskite solar cells, one that also sequesters CO2. |
| How HIV infection shrinks the brain's white matter Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT Researchers detail the mechanism by which HIV infection blocks the maturation process of brain cells that produce myelin, a fatty substance that insulates neurons. |
| A new dimension in the quest to understand dark matter Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT As its name suggests, dark matter -- material which makes up about 85% of the mass in the universe -- emits no light, eluding easy detection. Its properties, too, remain fairly obscure. Now, a theoretical particle physicist have shown how theories positing the existence a new type of force could help explain dark matter's properties. |
| Kids who sleep with their pet still get a good night's rest Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT Researchers found that the sleep quality of the surprisingly high number of children who share a bed with their pets is indistinguishable from those who sleep alone. |
| Shadow figment technology foils cyberattacks Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:33 PM PDT Scientists have created a cybersecurity technology called Shadow Figment that is designed to lure hackers into an artificial world, then stop them from doing damage by feeding them illusory tidbits of success. The aim is to sequester bad actors by captivating them with an attractive -- but imaginary -- world. The technology is aimed at protecting physical targets -- infrastructure such as buildings, the electric grid, water and sewage systems, and pipelines. |
| Spiders can sniff out and avoid killer ants Posted: 02 Jun 2021 12:30 PM PDT Spiders avoid building webs near European fire ants, their natural predators, by sensing the chemicals they give off in the environment, researchers have found. The findings give us a peek inside the enduring struggle between spiders and ants, and could lead to the development of natural repellents for homeowners worried about unwanted eight-legged guests. |
| Changing the shape of soft matter using logic circuits made from DNA Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:04 AM PDT The myriad processes occurring in biological cells may seem unbelievably complex at first glance. And yet, in principle, they are merely a logical succession of events, and could even be used to form digital circuits. Researchers have now developed a molecular switching circuit made of DNA, which can be used to mechanically alter gels, depending on the pH. DNA-based switching circuits could have applications in soft robotics, say the researchers. |
| The best strawberries to grow in hot locations Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:04 AM PDT It's strawberry season in many parts of the U.S, and supermarkets are teeming with these fresh heart-shaped treats. Although the bright red, juicy fruit can grow almost anywhere with lots of sunlight, production in some hot, dry regions is a challenge. Now, researchers have identified five cultivars that are best suited for this climate, which could help farmers and consumers get the most fragrant, sweetest berries. |
| New nanoparticle design paves way for improved detection of tumors Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Nano-sized particles have been engineered in a new way to improve detection of tumors within the body and in biopsy tissue, a research team reports. The advance could enable identifying early stage tumors with lower doses of radiation. |
| Salps fertilize the Southern Ocean more effectively than krill Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Experts have experimentally measured the release of iron from the fecal pellets of krill and salps under natural conditions and tested its bioavailability using a natural community of microalgae in the Southern Ocean. |
| Gut to brain: Nerve cells detect what we eat Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Nerve cells of the vagus nerve fulfill opposing tasks. The gut and the brain communicate with each other in order to adapt satiety and blood sugar levels during food consumption. The vagus nerve is an important communicator between these two organs. Researchers now took a closer look at the functions of the different nerve cells in the control center of the vagus nerve, and discovered something very surprising: although the nerve cells are located in the same control center, they innervate different regions of the gut and also differentially control satiety and blood sugar levels. This discovery could play an important role in the development of future therapeutic strategies against obesity and diabetes. |
| Nanomaterials with laser printing Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT An interdisciplinary team presents a laser-driven technology that enables them to create nanoparticles out of materials such as copper, cobalt and nickel oxides. At the usual printing speed, photoelectrodes are produced in this way, for example, for a wide range of applications such as the generation of green hydrogen. |
| Understanding feelings: When less is more Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Researchers discover a paradoxical relationship between the intensity of emotional expressions and how they are perceived. |
| Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Humans can observe what and where something happens around them with their hearing, as long as sound frequencies lie between 20 Hz and 20 000 Hz. Researchers have now developed a new audio technique that enables people to also hear ultrasonic sources that generate sound at frequencies above 20,000 Hz with simultaneous perception of their direction. |
| Want to talk about prenups? Describe them as something else Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Prenuptial agreements, or 'prenups,' can be difficult to talk about. But a recent study offers insights into how people can discuss this often taboo subject. One approach? Use metaphors. |
| Laser physics: Two-stage particle-beam booster Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:03 AM PDT Laser physicists have built a novel hybrid plasma accelerator. Particle accelerators have become an indispensable tool for studies of the structure of matter at sub-atomic scales, and have important applications in biology and medicine. |
| Protein disguise could be new target for cancer immunotherapy Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:02 AM PDT Researchers have identified a protein that helps tumors evade the immune system and, in certain types of cancers, is linked to a poorer chance of survival. The protein could become a target for future cancer treatments. |
| Plastic waste in the sea mainly drifts near the coast Posted: 02 Jun 2021 10:02 AM PDT A study provides new insights into the pollution of the world's oceans with plastic waste. The modelling shows that most of the plastic does not end up in the open ocean, but beaches or drifts in the water near the coast. |
| Early exposure to cannabis compounds reduces later neural activity in zebrafish Posted: 02 Jun 2021 09:59 AM PDT Zebrafish exposed to the leading cannabinoids found in cannabis in the earliest stages of development suffer a significant drop in neural activity later in life, according to a new study that has implications for prenatal development in humans. |
| A speedy trial: What it takes to be the fastest land predator Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT The cheetah is the fastest land animal, but how? Not much is understood about the dynamics underlying its characteristic 'flight' and spine movement. Now, in a new study, a team of researchers propose and validate an analytical model for studying cheetah galloping by comparing its predictions with cheetah data. While improving upon the current understanding of cheetah's locomotion, their findings pave the way for designing legged robots! |
| Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT Researchers have developed a vaccine that protects animals from Salmonella. These bacteria often escape the effects of vaccination by genetically modifying their protective coat. The researchers have succeeded in manipulating this process to lure the bacteria into an evolutionary trap. |
| Central Oregon bat survey shows value and scale-up potential of citizen science Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT Bat researchers say a project in Central Oregon shows citizen science's strong potential for helping ecologists learn more about one of the least understood groups of mammals. |
| A 'jolt' for ocean carbon sequestration Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT Global oceans absorb about 25 percent of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned. Electricity-eating bacteria known as photoferrotrophs could provide a boost to this essential process, according to new research. |
| How platelets help resolve lung inflammation Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT Scientists have found how platelets interacting with white blood cells contribute to the resolution of bacterial lung inflammation in mice. The results may help in the search for therapies to specifically regulate inflammation. |
| MicroRNAs may contribute to atherogenesis in a cell-type-dependent manner Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered potential mechanisms by which microRNAs (miRNA) drive atherogenesis in a cell-type-specific manner. The study provides novel insight into the miRNA profiles of the main cell types involved in atherosclerosis. |
| Juvenile white-tailed sea eagles stay longer in the parental territory than assumed Posted: 02 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT The white-tailed sea eagle is known for reacting sensitively to human disturbances. Forestry and agricultural activities are therefore restricted in the immediate vicinity of the nests. However, these seasonal protection periods are too short in the German federal States of Brandenburg (until Aug. 31) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (until July 31), as a new scientific analysis by a team of scientists suggests. |
| Target protein identified for improving heart attack treatment Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT A new study has identified a protein that could be the key to improving treatment outcomes after a heart attack. It suggests that protein kinase A (PKA) plays a role in heart muscle cell necrosis, a major type of cell death that commonly occurs after reperfusion therapy, the treatment used to unblock arteries and restore blood flow after a heart attack. |
| Newly identified atmospheric circulation enhances heatwaves and wildfires around the Arctic Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Scientists have uncovered a summertime climate pattern in and around the Arctic that could drive co-occurrences of European heatwaves and large-scale wildfires with air pollution over Siberia and subpolar North America. |
| Healthy diet before, during pregnancy linked to lower complications Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT A healthy diet around the time of conception through the second trimester may reduce the risk of several common pregnancy complications, suggests a new study. Expectant women in the study who scored high on any of three measures of healthy eating had lower risks for gestational diabetes, pregnancy-related blood pressure disorders and preterm birth. |
| Researchers explore ways to detect 'deep fakes' in geography Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT It may only be a matter of time until the growing problem of 'deep fakes' converges with geographical information science (GIS). A research team are doing what they can to get ahead of the problem. |
| 'Prescription' to sit less, move more advised for mildly high blood pressure and cholesterol Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Physical activity is the optimal first treatment choice for adults with mild to moderately elevated blood pressure and blood cholesterol who otherwise have low heart disease risk. About 21% of adults in the US with mild to moderately raised blood pressure and 28-37% of those with mild to moderate elevated cholesterol levels may be best served by a prescription for lifestyle-only treatment, which includes increasing physical activity. |
| Mapping intermittent methane emissions across the Permian Basin Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT The Permian Basin, located in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico, is the largest oil- and gas-producing region in the U.S. The oilfield operations emit methane, but quantifying the greenhouse gas is difficult because of the large area and the fact that many sources are intermittent emitters. Now, researchers have conducted an extensive airborne campaign with imaging spectrometers and identified large methane sources across this area. |
| Atmospheric metal layers appear with surprising regularity Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Twice a day, at dusk and just before dawn, a faint layer of sodium and other metals begins sinking down through the atmosphere, about 90 miles high above the city of Boulder, Colorado. The movement was captured by one of the world's most sensitive 'lidar' instruments and the regularly appearing layers promise to help researchers understand better how earth's atmosphere interacts with space, even potentially how those interactions help support life. |
| Young T. rexes had a powerful bite, capable of exerting one-sixth the force of an adult Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Scientists have experimentally measured the bite force of adult T. rexes but not of younger tyrannosaurs. Fossils with juvenile bite marks have now allowed experts to experimentally test how hard juveniles could chomp. Though their bite force is one-sixth that of an adult, it is still stronger than that of living hyenas. The measurement is higher than previous estimates, suggesting a different ecological niche for these youngsters. |
| People who eat a healthy diet including whole fruits may be less likely to develop diabetes Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT A new study finds people who consume two servings of fruit per day have 36% lower odds of developing type 2 diabetes than those who consume less than half a serving. |
| Synthetic SPECIES developed for use as a confinable gene drive Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:14 AM PDT Scientists have developed a gene drive with a built-in genetic barrier that is designed to keep the drive under control. The researchers engineered synthetic fly species that, upon release in sufficient numbers, act as gene drives that can spread locally and be reversed if desired. |
| Researchers learn how swimming ducks balance water pressure in their feathers while diving Posted: 02 Jun 2021 06:13 AM PDT A team has discovered the method ducks use to suspend water in their feathers while diving, allowing them to shake it out when surfacing. The discovery opens the door for applications in marine technology. |
| How an elephant's trunk manipulates air to eat and drink Posted: 01 Jun 2021 04:41 PM PDT New research finds that elephants dilate their nostrils in order to create more space in their trunks, allowing them to store up to nine liters of water. They can also suck up three liters per second -- a speed 50 times faster than a human sneeze. The findings could inspire different ways to building robots that manipulate air to move or hold things. |
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