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| Nerves may be key to blocking abnormal bone growth in tissue Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:26 PM PDT Blocking a molecule that draws sensory nerves into musculoskeletal injuries prevents heterotopic ossification (HO), a process in which bone abnormally grows in soft tissue during healing, researchers reported. The findings suggest that drugs currently being tested in clinical trials to inhibit this molecule for pain relief could also protect against this challenging condition. |
| Physicists discover novel quantum effect in bilayer graphene Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:26 PM PDT Theorists have observed a rare phenomenon called the quantum anomalous Hall effect in a very simple material. Previous experiments have detected it only in complex or delicate materials. |
| Autonomous driving: Saving millions in test kilometers Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:26 PM PDT Researchers have developed a method to validate test drives through highly realistic driving simulation studies and to substantially simplify the approval process for automated driving systems. |
| Study finds fish rubbing up against their predators — sharks Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:26 PM PDT While rubbing up against a shark sounds like a risky move if you're a fish, a collaborative research team found that this behavior is frequent, widespread, and could play a previously unappreciated important ecological role for aquatic animals. |
| Creating solar cells and glass from wood – or a billion tons of biowaste Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:26 PM PDT Scientists have taken a close look at how lignocellulose -- or plant biomass -- can be used for optical applications, potentially replacing commonly used materials like sand and plastics. |
| RAS inhibitors for use in fighting more cancers Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:25 PM PDT New findings help better understand the how one of the most commonly mutated genetic drivers of cancer passes signals that cause the disease. |
| Scientists discover how mitochondria import antioxidants Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:25 PM PDT A new finding offers researchers a direct way to investigate oxidative stress and its damaging effects in aging, cancer and other diseases. |
| New climate pledges, if fulfilled, now significantly more likely to prevent worst of global warming Posted: 04 Nov 2021 01:25 PM PDT New climate pledges issued ahead of COP26 boost the chances of limiting global warming to 2 degrees, according to a new study. |
| Scanning a single protein, one amino acid at a time Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:08 AM PDT Using nanopore DNA sequencing technology, researchers have managed to scan a single protein: by slowly moving a linearized protein through a tiny nanopore, one amino acid at the time, the researchers were able to read off electric currents that relate to the information content of the protein. The new single-molecule peptide reader marks a breakthrough in protein identification, and opens the way towards single-molecule protein sequencing and cataloguing the proteins inside a single cell. |
| New insights into how the infant microbiome impacts early childhood behavior in boys and girls Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:08 AM PDT A new study has found a direct and sex-specific association between the composition of infant microbiome and early childhood behavioral health. |
| Working through a mental 'Bloch' Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:08 AM PDT Lightspeed is the fastest velocity in the universe. Except when it isn't. Anyone who's seen a prism split white light into a rainbow has witnessed how material properties can influence the behavior of quantum objects: in this case, the speed at which light propagates. |
| Female finches are picky but pragmatic when choosing a mate Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:08 AM PDT Female zebra finches are choosy but flexible when it comes to finding a mate, allowing them to avoid the fitness costs of being too selective when competition for males is high, researchers report. |
| Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:03 AM PDT The drop in estrogen levels that occurs with menopause brings declines in the volumes of 'gray matter,' the cellular matter of the brain, in key brain regions that are also affected in Alzheimer's disease. But a new study suggests that greater cumulative exposure to estrogen in life, for example from having had more children or from having taken menopause hormone therapy, may counter this brain-shrinking effect. |
| Revolutionary identity verification technique offers robust solution to hacking Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT Computer scientists have developed an extremely secure identity verification method based on the fundamental principle that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light. The breakthrough has the potential to greatly improve the security of financial transactions and other applications requiring proof of identity online. |
| Montana Lake study reveals how invasive species affect native food webs Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT Invasive species cause biodiversity loss and about $120 billion in annual damages in the U.S. alone. Now, thanks to a new collaborative study, there is greater insight into how invasive species progressively affect native food webs in mountain lakes. |
| Jet from giant galaxy M87: Computer modelling explains black hole observations Posted: 04 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT An enormous jet of particles emitted by the giant galaxy M87 can be observed astronomically in various wavelengths. Scientists have developed a theoretical model of the morphology of this jet using complex supercomputer calculations. The images from these calculations provide an unprecedented match with astronomical observations and confirm Einstein's theory of general relativity. |
| Green transition creates new risks and rewards Posted: 04 Nov 2021 09:13 AM PDT Different countries face different risks and opportunities as the world switches from fossil fuels to renewable energy, researchers say. |
| Astronomers make most distant detection yet of fluorine in star-forming galaxy Posted: 04 Nov 2021 09:13 AM PDT A new discovery is shedding light on how fluorine -- an element found in our bones and teeth as fluoride -- is forged in the Universe. Astronomers have detected this element in a galaxy that is so far away its light has taken over 12 billion years to reach us. This is the first time fluorine has been spotted in such a distant star-forming galaxy. |
| Healable carbon fiber composite offers path to long-lasting, sustainable materials Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Researchers have created a new type of carbon fiber reinforced material that is as strong and light as traditionally used materials, but can be repeatedly healed with heat, reversing any fatigue damage. This also provides a way to break it down and recycle it when it reaches the end of its life. |
| When is a basin of attraction like an octopus? Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT In dynamical systems research, a 'basin of attraction' is the set of all the starting points -- usually close to one another -- that arrive at the same final state as the system evolves through time. The researchers describe a simple argument showing why basins in systems with multiple attractors should look like high-dimensional octopi. |
| Whole genome sequencing increases diagnosis of rare disorders by nearly a third Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Whole Genome Sequencing from a single blood test picks up 31% more cases of rare genetic disorders than standard tests, shortening the 'diagnostic odyssey' affected families experience and providing huge opportunities for future research. |
| Single molecule controls unusual ants’ switch from worker to queen-like status Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Depending on the outcome of social conflicts, ants of the species Harpegnathos saltator do something unusual: they can switch from a worker to a queen-like status known as gamergate. Now, researchers have made the surprising discovery that a single protein, called Kr-h1, responds to socially regulated hormones to orchestrate this complex social transition. |
| Ibrutinib improves survival for younger people with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT New evidence suggests that adding the targeted therapy ibrutinib (Imbruvica) to a standard chemotherapy regimen can improve how long some younger people with a specific form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) live. |
| Revealing the ramifications of ocean acidification for coralline algae Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Researchers have revealed that most coralline algae experience negative effects from ocean acidification. Analysis of previous studies showed that changes in ocean chemistry can lead to declines in calcification rates, abundance, growth, and recruitment of coralline algae, but some species showed greater resilience than others. Ocean acidification was revealed as an important driver of change and the physiology of different species determined their response to changing conditions. |
| Interpretation outside training: Discrepancy rates in 5.9 million radiological examinations Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Imaging practice leaders should carefully consider efforts to match interpretation of subspecialty examinations with radiologists' fellowship training in the acute community setting, experts urge. |
| Likely home of Martian meteorites pinpointed Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:53 AM PDT Researchers have pinpointed the likely origin of a group of meteorites ejected from Mars, using a machine learning algorithm that analyses high-resolution planetary images. |
| Astronomy: Say hello to Algol’s new companion star candidates Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:52 AM PDT Astronomers have analyzed observations of Algol. They argue that Algol has many companion stars which have not been detected from earlier observations. |
| Nanoscale self-assembling salt-crystal ‘origami’ balls envelop liquids Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:52 AM PDT Mechanical engineers have devised a technique of 'crystal capillary origami' where salt crystals spontaneously encapsulate liquid droplets. The process offers a new method of nanostructure encapsulation for applications in food industries, drug delivery and even medical devices. |
| Strategies for the regeneration of myelin Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:52 AM PDT New production or recycling of cholesterol: The duration of the disorder makes all the difference. |
| Making aircraft fuel from sunlight and air Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:52 AM PDT Scientists have built a plant that can produce carbon-neutral liquid fuels from sunlight and air. The next goal will be to take this technology to industrial scale and achieve competitiveness. Researchers now describe how this novel solar reactor functions and outline a policy framework that would provide incentives to expand the production of 'solar kerosene'. |
| Changes of aapa mires can be detected from Landsat satellite data Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:52 AM PDT Landsat satellite data proved to be useful in the detection of the recent increase of Sphagnum mosses over wet aapa mires, a new study shows. |
| Forests could be key to estuarine fish conservation Posted: 04 Nov 2021 08:50 AM PDT The diversity of threatened fish in estuaries increases when surrounded by forest cover, whereas estuaries surrounded by farmland show the opposite effect. |
| Brightest ever X-ray shows lung vessels altered by COVID-19 Posted: 04 Nov 2021 07:06 AM PDT The damage caused by COVID-19 to the lungs' smallest blood vessels has been intricately captured using high-energy X-rays emitted by a special type of particle accelerator. |
| Underground tests dig into how heat affects salt-bed repository behavior Posted: 04 Nov 2021 05:15 AM PDT Scientists have just begun the third phase of a years-long experiment to understand how salt and very salty water behave near hot nuclear waste containers in a salt-bed repository. |
| Pangolin trafficking: Nigeria’s illegal trade Posted: 04 Nov 2021 05:14 AM PDT With Asian species dangerously depleted, global black markets have turned to Africa, and Nigeria has become the continent's pangolin trafficking 'hub'. Just Nigeria-linked pangolin seizures in the last decade alone amount to at least 800,000 -- but possibly close to a million -- animals, according to a new study. The findings suggest that current global estimates for pangolin trafficking are far too small, say researchers. |
| Experimental drug boosts immunotherapy effectiveness in pancreatic cancer in mice Posted: 04 Nov 2021 05:14 AM PDT An experimental drug enhanced the benefit of an immunotherapy to fight pancreatic cancer in mice by increasing the number of immune cells in the immediate vicinity of the tumor, leading to a reduction in tumor growth, and in some mice, eliminating their cancer. |
| Laboratory will illuminate formation, composition, activity of comets Posted: 03 Nov 2021 12:08 PM PDT Researchers have developed a laboratory to simulate comets in space-like conditions. The goal of the Comet Physics Laboratory is to understand the internal structure of comets, as well as how their constituent materials form and react. Many of the lab's future experiments will involve creating sample comet materials with differing compositions. By testing those materials in the space-like chamber, the researchers can compare each sample to what has been observed on actual comets. |
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