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| Robot that seems to convey emotion while reading Posted: 10 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PST Researchers have created a robot with an internal weight that can give the impression of conveying emotions while reading text messages. It can also remind users to not get upset, which may help them cope with unpleasant information. |
| Stealth nanomedicines combat cancer and cut toxic effects of chemo Posted: 10 Mar 2022 07:00 AM PST New research has identified that the frequently used chemotherapy drug (5-FU or Fluorouracil) is 100 per cent more effective at targeting tumors (rather than surrounding tissues) when administered using an optimized liposomal formulation. |
| Eating protein from a greater variety of sources may lower risk of high blood pressure Posted: 10 Mar 2022 06:59 AM PST In a study of nearly 12,200 adults in China, eating protein from a greater variety of sources was associated with a lower risk of developing high blood pressure. This suggests that consuming a balanced diet with a moderate amount of protein from diverse food sources may help prevent new-onset hypertension. |
| Relocating farmland could turn back clock twenty years on carbon emissions, say scientists Posted: 10 Mar 2022 06:59 AM PST Scientists have produced a map showing where the world's major food crops should be grown to maximize yield and minimize environmental impact. This would capture large amounts of carbon, increase biodiversity, and cut agricultural use of freshwater to zero. |
| Posted: 10 Mar 2022 06:59 AM PST Much of a centuries-old debate over where and how new bird species form has now been resolved. Researchers have provided evidence that birds in mountainous areas -- where the vast majority of the planet's species live -- have left lowland habitats for higher and higher mountain elevations throughout their evolution. Millions of years of climatic fluctuations have contributed to pushing bird species upslope -- as is probably happening now. |
| Inclusive new tool makes genomic research better reflect world's diversity Posted: 10 Mar 2022 06:59 AM PST Scientists have developed a powerful, inclusive new tool for genomic research that boosts efforts to develop more precise treatments for many diseases by leveraging a better representation of the genetic diversity of people around the world. |
| Treatment length reduced for children with tuberculosis Posted: 09 Mar 2022 03:25 PM PST An international trial exploring the effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) treatment in children has led to a change in the World Health Organization's global guidelines for managing the disease. |
| Florida's 76,000 stormwater ponds emit more carbon than they store Posted: 09 Mar 2022 01:55 PM PST As Florida and other states become more urbanized, an increasing number of stormwater ponds are built. Florida already has 76,000 such ponds. The newer ones emit more carbon than they store, a new study finds. Researchers hope this finding will inform policy makers and others about when, where and how to install stormwater ponds. |
| Video game-based therapy helps stroke patients Posted: 09 Mar 2022 01:55 PM PST After a stroke, patients may lose feeling in an arm or experience weakness and reduced movement that limits their ability to complete basic daily activities. Traditional rehabilitation therapy is very intensive, time-consuming and can be both expensive and inconvenient, especially for rural patients travelling long distances to in-person therapy appointments. That's why a team of researchers utilized a motion-sensor video game, Recovery Rapids, to allow patients recovering from a stroke to improve their motor skills and affected arm movements at home while checking in periodically with a therapist via telehealth. |
| How a virus packages its genetic material Posted: 09 Mar 2022 01:55 PM PST Physics and astronomy professors have developed a theory and performed a series of simulations that may help explain how a virus finds its native genome and how capsids form around it and not around other RNAs in the cell. |
| Non-social jays surprise scientists by learning as skillfully as birds living in groups Posted: 09 Mar 2022 01:55 PM PST The California scrub-jay, a generally non-social bird, can learn just as well as another species of jay that lives in groups, a finding that surprised animal intelligence researchers who devised a novel food puzzle to study cognition in the wild. |
| Exploring the bounds of room-temperature superconductivity Posted: 09 Mar 2022 12:48 PM PST There are a few superconducting material systems for electric transmission in various stages of development. In the meantime, researchers are conducting experiments to look for superconductivity in a room-temperature and atmospheric pressure environment. |
| New insight into machine-learning error estimation Posted: 09 Mar 2022 12:48 PM PST Scientists are evaluating machine-learning models using transfer learning principles. |
| Introducing organs-on-chips to the lymph system Posted: 09 Mar 2022 12:17 PM PST Currently, there is little research focused on understanding mechanisms and drug discovery of lymphatic vascular diseases. However, conditions such as lymphedema, a buildup of fluid in the body when the lymph system is damaged, impact more than 200,000 people every year in the United States alone. |
| Childhood trauma and genetics linked to increased obesity risk Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST New research has found associations between genetics, obesity, and childhood trauma, linking social health determinants, genetics, and disease. The study found that participants with specific genetic traits and who experience childhood traumas are more likely to suffer from adult obesity. |
| Caribbean coral reefs have been warming for at least 100 years Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST A new analysis outlines 150 years of sea-surface temperature history throughout the Greater Caribbean region, highlighting significant warming trends that have disrupted coral reef ecosystems. |
| Hugging a 'breathing' cushion to ease anxiety Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST Researchers have developed a huggable, cushion-like device that mechanically simulates breathing, and preliminary evidence suggests it could help reduce students' pre-test anxiety. |
| Music combined with auditory beat stimulation may reduce anxiety for some Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST Treatments integrating music and auditory beat stimulation are effective in reducing state anxiety in some patients, according to a new study. |
| Gender gaps in daily time usage at different ages vary between countries Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST A new, 10-country analysis identifies between-nation differences in the amount of time men and women spend on various daily activities at different stages of life. |
| 196 lasers help scientists recreate the conditions inside gigantic galaxy clusters Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST Scientists have long known that the hydrogen gas in galaxy clusters is searingly hot -- about 10 million degrees Kelvin, or roughly the same temperature as the center of the sun -- which is so hot that hydrogen atoms cannot exist. Instead the gas is a plasma consisting of protons and electrons. But a puzzle persists: There is no straightforward explanation for why or how the gas stays so hot. According to the normal rules of physics, it should have cooled within the age of the universe. But it hasn't. Scientists have created conditions similar to the hot gas in gigantic galaxy clusters. |
| Frequent external childcare can affect children's behavior, survey suggests Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:09 AM PST A survey of around 1,300 Zurich school children, their parents and teachers suggests that the more time children spend in external daycare, the more likely they are to exhibit problematic behavior. However, this behavior generally disappears at the end of primary school. |
| Office buildings with infrequent water use may have poor water quality Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:08 AM PST Low-consumption office buildings with infrequent water use could have chemical and microbiological safety issues, according to a new study. The research could have implications for office buildings used less frequently during pandemic lockdowns, and suggests that regular water testing in commercial buildings may be needed. |
| Giant impact crater in Greenland occurred a few million years after dinosaurs went extinct Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:08 AM PST Danish and Swedish researchers have dated the enormous Hiawatha impact crater, a 31 km-wide meteorite crater buried under a kilometer of Greenlandic ice. The dating ends speculation that the meteorite impacted after the appearance of humans and opens up a new understanding of Earth's evolution in the post-dinosaur era. |
| Study hints at how early life experiences may affect brain wiring Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:08 AM PST A new study of brain development in mice shortly after birth may provide insights into how early life events can affect wiring patterns in the brain that manifest as disease later in life. |
| Discovery of new immune process that regulates inflammation in human fat may help manage obesity Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:08 AM PST Scientists have just identified how specific immune cells can work together in fat to cause inflammation that leads to weight gain and obesity. Their work pinpoints new avenues to exploit the regulation of that inflammation in fat tissue, thereby suggesting new ways to manage obesity. |
| Anti-Mullerian hormone may contribute to infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome Posted: 09 Mar 2022 11:08 AM PST High levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) have traditionally been thought of as merely a passive byproduct of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but a new preclinical study suggests that the hormone plays an active role in the disorder and may contribute to problems with ovulation and fertility. |
| Black hole billiards in the centers of galaxies Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:19 AM PST Researchers provide the first plausible explanation to why one of the most massive black hole pairs observed to date by gravitational waves also seemed to merge on a non-circular orbit. Their suggested solution involves a chaotic triple drama inside a giant disk of gas around a super massive black hole in a galaxy far, far away. |
| Scientists capture the fleeting dance of moiré excitons Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:19 AM PST Scientists have visualized the two parts of an elusive particle -- the moiré exciton -- to reveal its structure and unique properties. |
| Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:19 AM PST Scientists may better understand and test for the genetic variations that cause cancer and other heritable diseases through the application of federated analysis, a novel strategy for securely sharing and analyzing genomic data developed at the UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute. |
| New twist on an 80-year-old biochemical pathway Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST With the resurgence of interest in cancer metabolism, researchers are coming to realize that there is more to a cell's biochemistry than once thought. |
| Stalagmites trace climate history and impact from volcanic eruptions Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST The soils and vegetation of Patagonia's fjord regions form a unique and highly sensitive ecosystem that is closely linked to marine ecosystems, sediment deposition and carbon storage in the ocean. A research team has been working on reconstructing the climate history of this region in this extremely wet, rainy and inaccessible fjord and island zone of the Patagonian Andes in southern Chile. Due to its location, the area is a key region for understanding the history of the southern westerly wind belt within the global climate system. |
| Reducing subsequent injuries after a concussion Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST Looking for techniques to keep young athletes safer post-concussion, researchers devised a study in which teenage athletes who suffered concussions were randomized either to standard of care -- typically returning to play after clearing a set of standardized protocols that assess symptoms, cognition, and balance -- or completing the same protocol and then working with an athletic trainer on a specific neuromuscular training intervention that includes guided strength exercises and a focus on posture and landing stability. |
| Sleep apnea accelerates aging, but treatment may reverse it Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 22 million people in the U.S. and is linked to a higher risk of hypertension, heart attacks, stroke, diabetes and many other chronic conditions. But now researchers have found that untreated OSA also accelerates the biological aging process and that appropriate treatment can slow or possibly reverse the trend. |
| New technology enables unprecedented glimpse inside single brain cells Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST Researchers have developed a new genomic technology to simultaneously analyze the DNA, RNA and chromatin -- a combination of DNA and protein -- from a single cell. The method, which took five years to develop, is an important step forward for large collaborations where multiple teams are working simultaneously to classify thousands of new cell types. The new technology will help streamline analyses. |
| An ‘oracle’ for predicting the evolution of gene regulation Posted: 09 Mar 2022 10:18 AM PST Computational biologists have created a neural network model capable of predicting how changes to non-coding DNA sequences in yeast affect gene expression. They also devised a unique way of representing this data in two dimensions, making it easy to understand the past and future evolution of non-coding sequences in organisms beyond yeast -- and even design custom gene expression patterns for gene therapies and industrial applications. Despite the sheer number of genes that each human cell contains, these so-called 'coding' DNA sequences comprise just 1% of our entire genome. The remaining 99% is made up of 'non-coding' DNA -- which, unlike coding DNA, does not carry the instructions to build proteins. |
| The untapped nitrogen reservoir Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:11 AM PST A research team elucidates how bacteria use the compound guanidine as a source of nitrogen. |
| Avian secret: The key to agile bird flight is switching quickly between stable and unstable gliding Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:11 AM PST While it had been assumed that unstable gliding was the key to agility in bird flight, a collaboration between aerospace engineers and biologists has revealed that stability plays a role. |
| How the transition to agriculture affects populations in the present day Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:11 AM PST The transition of human societies from hunter-gatherers to farmers and pastoralists is a more nuanced process than generally thought, according to a new study of peoples living in the highlands of southwest Ethiopia. |
| Scientists identify possible new treatment for COVID-19 Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:10 AM PST Researchers have identified a potential new therapy for COVID-19: a biologic substance created by reengineered human skin cells. |
| Forget mammoths: These researchers are exploring bringing back the extinct Christmas Island rat Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:10 AM PST Dinosaurs went extinct 65 million years ago, mammoths 4,000 years ago, and the Christmas Island Rat 119 years ago. Since becoming a popular concept in the 1990s, de-extinction efforts have focused on grand animals with mythical stature, but now a team of paleogeneticists has turned their attention to Rattus macleari, and their findings provide insights into the limitations of de-extinction across all species. |
| When ribosomes collide: How bacteria clean up after molecular crashes Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:10 AM PST Tiny cellular machines called ribosomes build proteins. When this building process goes awry in bacteria, ribosomes collide, triggering the arrival of a first responder molecule that begins a rescue operation. |
| Molecules, rare earths, and light: Innovative platform for quantum computers and communications Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:10 AM PST Communication between quantum systems depends on their ability to effectively interact with light. Some molecular crystals have proven to be new materials with excellent quantum properties. They are of great interest for creating quantum computers that can communicate among themselves using fibre optic networks. |
| X-ray view of subducting tectonic plates Posted: 09 Mar 2022 08:10 AM PST Earth's thin crust softens considerably when it dives down into the Earth attached to a tectonic plate. That is demonstrated by X-ray studies carried out on a mineral which occurs in large quantities in basaltic crust. This softening can even cause the crust to peel away from the underlying plate. The delaminated crust has different physical properties from the rest of the mantle, which may explain anomalies in the speed with which seismic waves propagate through the mantle. |
| Large mammals can help climate change mitigation and adaptation Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST A new study investigates whether protecting and restoring large animal wildlife can help to support climate change goals. |
| Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST Viruses are tiny but mighty intruders that can be found in the environment including in human bodies, and they can play a variety of roles in ecosystems. Viruses also come in a range of sizes. Some are even larger than bacteria, which scientists thought were rare cases until recently. |
| Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST In a new report, researchers say the challenges of treating long COVID are amplified by a critical issue: we do not know what constitutes long COVID or how to formally diagnose it, an issue that is further exacerbated by limited research data of varying quality and consistency. |
| Sharing memories sets children on path to better well-being Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST Toddlers whose mothers received special coaching in talking about memories grew into teenagers who experience better wellbeing, research shows. |
| Global warming combined with other changes in the environment presents 'double whammy' for birds Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST A new study rolls back the curtain on half a century of evidence detailing the impact of climate change on more than 60 different bird species. It found that half of all changes to key physical and behavioral bird characteristics since the 1960s can be linked to climate change. |
| A nanoscale look at coronavirus infection Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST Using super-resolution microscopy, scientists uncovered new details about the location of viral molecules in a cell after coronavirus infection. |
| A 'zigzag' blueprint for topological electronics Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST A collaborative study confirms a potential new switching mechanism for a proposed generation of ultra-low energy topological electronics. Based on novel, quantum nanoribbons terminating on 'zigzag' edges, such devices would switch from non-conducting to conducting state, whereby electrical current could flow along topological edge states without wasted dissipation of energy. |
| Beheaded croc reveals ancient family secrets Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST The partially fossilized remains of a giant extinct crocodilian that could have been ritualistically beheaded explain how modern crocodilian species may have evolved. Discovered in southern China, the new species is estimated to have been 6 meters long and the top predator of its environment. Human migration into southern China and subsequent hunting might have driven it to extinction only a few hundred years ago. The discovery may impact knowledge of ancient Chinese civilization. |
| Patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness show warning signs early on Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:45 AM PST People who suffer from persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) experience unsteadiness, non-spinning vertigo and dizziness. These symptoms are exacerbated by movement, upright posture, and visual stimuli. In a new study, scientists have tried to find out if these exacerbating factors are present in the period before PPPD is diagnosed. They found that patients developing PPPD are likely to have them early on after the onset of balance disorder symptoms. |
| Ongoing 'immune injuries' might cause persistent breathlessness after COVID-19 Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST Long-lasting immune activity in the airways might be the cause of persistent breathlessness following COVID-19, according to new research. |
| Immunological signature against SARS-CoV-2 Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST Scientists have investigated how most people's immune defenses are able to curb the coronavirus so effectively that pneumonia does not occur. |
| Research sheds light on mysterious messenger RNA modifications Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST A team led by scientists has come a step closer to uncovering the purpose of a distinctive set of modifications found at the beginning of messenger RNA which have long remained a fundamental mystery in molecular biology. |
| Half century of protection pays off for sea turtles Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST Green turtle numbers continue to rise on a group of islands where the species has now been protected for more than 50 years, new research shows. |
| Following rain, desert microbes exhale potent greenhouse gas Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST New research shows how, after it rains, microbes in desert soil convert one form of pollution into another -- laughing gas. |
| Turning off the damaging signals from a genetic syndrome that causes debilitating kidney disease Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST Tests using a preclinical model of Alport syndrome suggests that turning off a cell signalling protein may significantly prolong life by preventing kidney scarring. |
| Scientists discover the origins of metastasis Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST Metastatic cells form in a primary tumor and then break away from it, migrate to other organs, attach to them and form new tumors. This spread reduces patients' chances of recovery. Scientists have discovered some of the mechanisms by which these cells arise. This is due to cells that have narrowly escaped cell death (apoptosis) following a chemotherapeutic treatment. Those cells reprogram themselves to acquire metastatic skills. Thanks to this study, these cells - called PAME by the researchers - now appear as new therapeutic targets. |
| Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy benefits people with depression through promoting self-kindness Posted: 09 Mar 2022 07:44 AM PST New research shows that Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) can help promote self-kindness in people with a history of depression, thereby putting their bodies in a state of safety and relaxation. |
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