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| Wandering star disrupts stellar nursery Posted: 13 Jun 2022 04:34 PM PDT New study finds star-forming cloud's magnetic field is curiously twisted. Researchers believe a newborn star moved into another young star's stellar envelope to form a binary star system. The interloper shifted the cloud's dynamics, twisting its magnetic field. The new findings provide insight into binary star formation and how magnetic fields influence the earliest stages of developing stars. |
| Fluorescence microscopy shows how living cells form vesicles to transport cargo like growth factors Posted: 13 Jun 2022 04:34 PM PDT Cells have a clever way called clathrin-mediated endocytosis to transport cargos like growth factors across the cell membrane and into the cell. Researchers used a sophisticated fluorescence microscopy imaging called STAR microscopy to follow clathrin-coated vesicle formation in living cells from initiation to completion, over periods up to 100 seconds. Their study supports the flexible model of clathrin-coated vesicle formation, which includes both the constant-curvature and the flat-to-curved transition pathways. |
| Could used beer yeast be the solution to heavy metal contamination in water? Posted: 13 Jun 2022 01:27 PM PDT A new study finds inactive yeast could be effective as an inexpensive, abundant, and simple material for removing lead contamination from drinking water supplies. The approach should be efficient and economic, even down to part-per-billion levels of contamination. |
| Researchers discover mechanism linking mutations in the 'dark matter' of the genome to cancer Posted: 13 Jun 2022 01:27 PM PDT Many sections of the non-coding region of the human genome play a key role in regulating gene activity. But the relationship between non-coding mutations and cancer risk has been a mystery. New research sheds light on that mystery, providing clues that may link mutations to epigenetic changes, and may point to potential drug targets to reduce risk for people born with certain genetic mutations. |
| Mastodon tusk chemical analysis reveals first evidence of one extinct animal's annual migration Posted: 13 Jun 2022 12:06 PM PDT Around 13,200 years ago, a roving male mastodon died in a bloody mating-season battle with a rival in what today is northeast Indiana, nearly 100 miles from his home territory, according to the first study to document the annual migration of an individual animal from an extinct species. |
| Bioengineering team develops a remote lab to teach enzyme kinetics Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:32 AM PDT Researchers demonstrate the implementation of a remote laboratory activity to teach students about enzyme kinetics. |
| A better wig -- with chemistry Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:32 AM PDT For some people, wigs are a fun and colorful fashion accessory, but for those with hair loss from alopecia or other conditions, they can provide a real sense of normalcy and boost self-confidence. Whether made from human or synthetic strands, however, most hairpieces lose their luster after being worn day after day. Now, researchers report a new way to make wigs more durable and long lasting. |
| Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT The production of chemical substances normally requires environmentally harmful solvents. After researchers had produced organic substances without harmful substances by heating them in hot water, they can now chalk up another success: Through hydrothermal synthesis, they succeeded in jointly forming and combining organic and inorganic substances in the same reaction vessel. Specifically: an inorganic solid that encloses organic dye molecules. When exposed to light, which is by and large the most environmentally friendly energy resource, the hybrid material functions like a catalyst, i.e., a photocatalyst. Since the photocatalyst is a solid, it can be used multiple times. |
| How much spring nitrogen to apply? Pre-planting weather may provide a clue Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT With the rising cost of nitrogen fertilizer and its impacts on air and water quality, researchers want to help farmers make more informed fertilizer rate decisions. Their latest modeling effort aims to do that by examining the role of pre-growing season weather on soil nitrogen dynamics and end-of-season corn yield. |
| New way of generating insulin-producing cells Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT Researchers show how a molecule that they have identified stimulates the formation of new insulin-producing cells in zebrafish and mammalian tissue, through a newly described mechanism for regulating protein synthesis. |
| Biochemists use enzymes to change how brain cells communicate with each other Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT A new study demonstrates the possibility of changing the identity of synapses between neurons, both in vitro and in vivo, through enzymatic means. The results have implications for treating brain diseases caused by malfunctions in synaptic information processing and exchange. |
| RNA exosome key for B cell development Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT New research suggests that RNA exosomes -- the cellular machines that degrade old molecules of RNA -- play a key role in the development of B cells, which are critical to the immune system's ability to protect against infection. The findings explain why patients with rare mutations in a gene that codes for this machinery are often immunodeficient and could offer new approaches to treat autoimmune diseases. |
| Closed-loop additive manufacturing fueled by upcycled plastic Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT Researchers have developed an upcycling approach that adds value to discarded plastics for reuse in additive manufacturing, or 3D printing. The readily adoptable, scalable method introduces a closed-loop strategy that could globally reduce plastic waste and cut carbon emissions tied to plastic production. |
| Pediatric liver disease increases risk of developing type 2 diabetes Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT Researchers describe connection between pediatric liver disease and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Both rates are rising in children. |
| Simulations reveal hydrodynamics of planetary engulfment by expanding star Posted: 13 Jun 2022 11:07 AM PDT A new study using hydrodynamical simulations reveals the forces acting on a planet when it is swallowed by an expanding star. The results show that the interactions of a substellar body (a planet or brown dwarf) with the hot gas in the outer envelope of a sun-like star can lead to a range of outcomes depending on the size of the engulfed object and the stage of the star's evolution. The dynamics and possible outcomes of planetary engulfment are poorly understood, but it is thought to be a relatively common fate for planetary systems. |
| Increased overdose and mental health risks persist two years after opioid dose reduction Posted: 13 Jun 2022 09:45 AM PDT A new study suggests that the increased rates of overdose and mental health crisis observed during the first year after opioid dose tapering persist through the second year. |
| Estimating tumor-specific total mRNA level predicts cancer outcomes Posted: 13 Jun 2022 09:45 AM PDT Researchers have developed a mathematical tool to estimate tumor-specific RNA levels from tumor samples with mixed cell types. Using this technique on thousands of samples found that higher mRNA levels are correlated with shorter survival. |
| Rubbery camouflage skin exhibits smart and stretchy behaviors Posted: 13 Jun 2022 09:45 AM PDT The skin of cephalopods, such as octopuses, squids and cuttlefish, is stretchy and smart, contributing to these creatures' ability to sense and respond to their surroundings. Scientists have harnessed these properties to create an artificial skin that mimics both the elasticity and the neurologic functions of cephalopod skin, with potential applications for neurorobotics, skin prosthetics, artificial organs and more. |
| Molecule in the nervous system may hold key to treating chronic pain Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT Researchers reveal a potential new way to treat chronic pain using anti-cancer drugs rather than opioid-based pain medication. Researchers identified the existence of a molecule in the nervous system that enhances sensitivity to pain. This molecule had previously been thought to play a role in cancer growth but had never been reported in the nervous system. By targeting this molecule it may now be possible to use already existing anti-cancer drugs to block pain. |
| Study shows people 'right size' portions of high-calorie foods Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT New research has revealed that humans moderate the size of energy-rich meals they eat, suggesting people are smarter eaters than previously thought. |
| Healthy human brains are hotter than previously thought, research finds Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT New research has shown that normal human brain temperature varies much more than we thought, and this could be a sign of healthy brain function. The new study has produced the first 4D map of healthy human brain temperature. This map overturns several previous assumptions and shows the remarkable extent to which brain temperature varies by brain region, age, sex, and time of day. |
| Brain differences in pain modulation in people with self-injury behavior Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT Researchers might have found an explanation for why people with self-injury behavior generally feel less pain than others. The key seems to be a more effective pain-modulation system, a discovery that can benefit people seeking help for their self-harm. |
| 'Merlin' serves as a gatekeeper in new blood vessel formation Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT 'Merlin' serves as a gatekeeper in new blood vessel formation. Merlin suppresses internalization of VEGFR2, which is important for the formation of 'tip' endothelial cells. |
| Forever chemicals linked to hypertension in middle-aged women Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:21 AM PDT In a large, prospective study, the levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are common human-made chemicals found in water, soil, air and food, were associated with an increased risk of high blood pressure among middle-aged women. The study found women in the highest one-third concentrations of all seven PFAS examined had a 71% increased risk of developing high blood pressure. |
| Designing protection suits for hard working bacteria Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:20 AM PDT Bacteria can contribute to a more sustainable production of chemicals, so providing a good working environment for them is a good investment. Now researchers present a nano protection suit, developed for bacteria. |
| Researchers solve mystery surrounding dielectric properties of unique metal oxide Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:20 AM PDT A research team has solved a longstanding mystery surrounding strontium titanate, a metal oxide semiconductor, providing insight for future research on the material and its applications to electronic devices and data storage. |
| Engineers build artificial intelligence chip Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:20 AM PDT Engineers built a new artificial intelligence chip, with a view toward sustainable, modular electronics. The chip can be reconfigured, with layers that can be swapped out or stacked on, such as to add new sensors or updated processors. |
| Older adults more likely to have multiple health ailments than prior generations Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:19 AM PDT Later-born generations of older adults in the United States are more likely to have a greater number of chronic health conditions than the generations that preceded them, according to a new study. |
| Energy harvesting to power the Internet of Things Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:19 AM PDT Scientists have used computer modelling to optimize the design of an electromagnetic energy harvester to power wireless sensor networks for the Internet of Things. |
| Oxide growth in additively manufactured metals examined in sCO2 environment Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:19 AM PDT A new study examines the differences in oxide film growth on additively manufactured (AM) metals and wrought stainless steel in a supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) environment. |
| Bacterial intimacy insights could help tackle antimicrobial resistance Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:19 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered new details about how bacteria hook up to exchange DNA that helps them resist antibiotics. |
| Good news on blocking a virus considered a global threat Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:15 AM PDT Scientists have reported good news on the pandemic preparedness front: A cocktail of four manufactured antibodies is effective at neutralizing a virus from the Henipavirus family, a group of pathogens considered to be a global biosecurity threat. |
| Children in remote school faced more sleep, behavior and social challenges Posted: 13 Jun 2022 08:15 AM PDT Elementary school-aged children enrolled in remote learning experienced greater behavioral, learning-related, and sleep difficulties compared with children receiving in-person instruction, according to the findings of a new study. |
| Research reveals the science behind this plant's blue berries Posted: 11 Jun 2022 07:07 AM PDT A new study confirms Lantana strigocamara as the second-ever documented case of a plant creating blue-colored fruits with layered fat molecules. |
| Can they make graphite from coal? Researchers start by finding new carbon solid Posted: 10 Jun 2022 10:28 AM PDT As the world's appetite for carbon-based materials like graphite increases, researchers presented evidence this week for a new carbon solid they named 'amorphous graphite.' |
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