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| Lager beer, whether it contains alcohol or not, could help men's gut microbes Posted: 15 Jun 2022 07:29 AM PDT Like wine, beer can have health benefits when consumed in moderation. Non-alcoholic beers have become wildly popular recently, but are these drinks also healthful? In a pilot study, researchers report that compared to their pre-trial microbiome, men who drank either one alcoholic or non-alcoholic lager daily had a more diverse set of gut microbes, which can reduce the risk for some diseases. |
| Near-sun comet roasted to death Posted: 15 Jun 2022 07:29 AM PDT Astronomers using a fleet of world leading telescopes on the ground and in space have captured images of a periodic rocky near-Sun comet breaking apart. This is the first time such a comet has been caught in the act of disintegrating and could help explain the scarcity of such periodic near-Sun comets. |
| Parasitic worms reveal new insights into the evolution of sex and sex chromosomes Posted: 15 Jun 2022 07:28 AM PDT Studying two highly divergent phyla of worms that contain numerous parasites that cause human and livestock diseases, new research sheds light on how sexual reproduction and subsequent great diversity of sex chromosomes might have evolved. |
| A large predator from the Pyrenees Posted: 15 Jun 2022 07:28 AM PDT A fossilized lower jaw has led an international team of palaeontologists to discover a new species of predator that once lived in Europe. These large predators belong to a group of carnivores colloquially known as 'bear dogs'. They could weigh around 320 kilograms, appeared 36 million years ago before becoming extinct around 7.5 million years ago. |
| Military cannot rely on AI for strategy or judgment, study suggests Posted: 14 Jun 2022 03:41 PM PDT Using artificial intelligence (AI) for warfare has been the promise of science fiction and politicians for years, but new research argues only so much can be automated and shows the value of human judgment. |
| Quantum computer programming basics Posted: 14 Jun 2022 03:41 PM PDT For would-be quantum programmers scratching their heads over how to jump into the game as quantum computers proliferate and become publicly accessible, a new beginner's guide provides a thorough introduction to quantum algorithms and their implementation on existing hardware. Deep-diving guide explains the basics, surveys major quantum algorithms and steps through implementing them on publicly available quantum computers. |
| River belt discovery helps scientists understand ancient rivers Posted: 14 Jun 2022 03:41 PM PDT A researcher has come up with a rule that connects channel belts to river patterns, finding that, in general, the more channels a river has, the narrower its channel belt. Since the physics shaping rivers is the same over time and place, the rule should hold for ancient rivers and rivers on other planets, too. |
| Immunity boosting treatment enhances CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancers Posted: 14 Jun 2022 01:44 PM PDT A new study shows that treatment with an immunity boosting protein called interleukin 7 (IL-7) after an infusion of genetically modified T cells causes the cancer-fighting CAR-T cells to grow in number and become more effective at killing tumor cells. |
| Posted: 14 Jun 2022 01:44 PM PDT While researchers have speculated that the up to 50-foot-long whales choose shallow, coastal locations for lack of predators and warmer and calmer waters, a team of biologists recently uncovered a new potential motive. |
| A warming climate decreases microbial diversity Posted: 14 Jun 2022 01:44 PM PDT Researchers conducted an eight-year experiment that found that climate warming played a predominant role in shaping microbial biodiversity, with significant negative effect. |
| Prolonged, low-level radon exposure still a leading cause of lung cancer Posted: 14 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT A study shows a strong relationship between prolonged exposure to low levels of radon and lung cancer, indicating a need for enhanced protection measures. Radon gas in the air decays into tiny radioactive particles which can damage lung cells and lead to cancer. |
| Rural areas near coast will bear the brunt of U.S. sea-level rise Posted: 14 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT A new analysis using highly detailed elevation maps of the Chesapeake Bay suggests that North America's extensive areas of low-lying rural land will allow coastal marshes to persist or even expand as salty water creeps upward into what are now forests and farmland. |
| A dynamic duo of cells identified in lung blood vessels Posted: 14 Jun 2022 12:37 PM PDT Scientists have identified two subtypes of lung blood vessel cells. One subtype expresses more genes involved in inflammation and the regulation of the immune response; the other expresses more genes involved in cell regeneration and proliferation. The findings could lead to better treatments for lung infections. |
| A biological super glue from mistletoe berries? Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:16 AM PDT Researchers suggests that mistletoe viscin's ultra-stiff flexible fibers, which adhere to both skin and cartilage as well as to various synthetic materials, could have a range of applications -- both biomedical and beyond. |
| Research clarifies hazards posed by harmful algal blooms Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Research has shed new light on the hazards associated with harmful algal blooms such as one four years ago that fouled drinking water in Oregon's capital city of Salem. |
| Gravity-defying spike waves rewrite the rule book Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Researchers studying wave breaking have found that axisymmetric 'spike waves' can far exceed limits that were previously thought to dictate the maximum height of ocean waves. |
| Opioid analgesic fentanyl may cause autism-like behavior in young mice, study finds Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT A new study reveals that opioid analgesic fentanyl may induce autism-like behaviors in young male and female mice. The findings indicate that reduced expression of the gene Grin2b in the anterior cingulate cortex of the brain following fentanyl treatment accounts for the autism-like behavior in the mice. However, there is no current evidence that fentanyl is associated with a similar effect in humans. The outcomes of the animal study are not an indication to avoid fentanyl in clinical use. |
| Companies’ use of renewable energy certificates masks inaction on carbon emissions Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT A new study argues that renewable energy certificates -- a market-based tool that certifies the bearer owns one megawatt hour of electricity produced from renewable energy sources -- generally do not reduce emissions and firms using them are overstating their climate mitigation claims. In one calculation, the researchers show how a sample of 115 companies between 2015 and 2019 reported a 31 per cent reduction in emissions. A closer analysis of that claim reveals that without including the purchase of ineffective RECs, the actual drop in emissions was roughly 10 per cent. |
| Real-time imaging of dynamic atom-atom interactions Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Researchers have managed to observe and characterize dynamic assembly of metallic atoms using an ingenious combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy and a video-based tracking. By visualizing short-lived molecules, such as metallic dimers and trimers, that cannot be observed using traditional methods, the researchers open up the possibility of observing more such dynamic structures predicted by simulations. |
| Study explores uncertainties in flood risk estimates Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Flood frequency analysis is a technique used to estimate flood risk, providing statistics such as the '100-year flood' or '500-year flood' that are critical to infrastructure design, dam safety analysis, and flood mapping in flood-prone areas. But the method used to calculate these flood frequencies is due for an update, according to a new study. |
| Magnetic material could help monitor battery life Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT A new study shows how a magnetic material can be used to help monitor the amount of life left in a rechargeable battery before it needs to be recharged. |
| Scientists create nanoparticle that helps fight solid tumors Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a possible new approach in treating solid tumors through the creation of a novel nanoparticle. |
| Study reveals how epilepsy and migraine drug causes birth defects Posted: 14 Jun 2022 11:15 AM PDT Valproic acid -- a drug used to treat epilepsy, migraine, and bipolar disorder -- can cause birth defects when taken during pregnancy. Now, a study reveals one reason why: valproic acid (VPA) puts some cells of the developing nervous system into senescence, a kind of halted state that keeps them from growing and dividing correctly. |
| Earliest record of wildfires provide insights to Earth's past vegetation and oxygen levels Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT While wildfires over recent years have raged across much of the western United States and pose significant hazards to wildlife and local populations, wildfires have been a long-standing part of Earth's systems without the influence of humans for hundreds of millions of years. |
| Right whales' survival rates plummet after severe injury from fishing gear Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Most North Atlantic right whales that are severely injured in fishing gear entanglements die within three years, a study finds. Severely injured whales were up to eight times more likely to die than those with minor injuries, and only 44% of males and 33% of females with severe injuries survived longer than 36 months. Females that did survive had low birth rates and longer intervals between calving. |
| Progress on early detection of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT As more than 6 million Americans continue living with Alzheimer's disease, a biomedical engineer is reporting the development of a new probe for detection of the protein that is known to be a hallmark of Alzheimer's. The finding could signal a step forward in early detection of the disease. |
| Vitamin D deficiency can lead to dementia Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Dementia is one of the major causes of disability and dependency among older people worldwide, affecting thinking and behaviors as you age. But what if you could stop this degenerative disease in its tracks? |
| Double-layered catalyst generates more hydrogen Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Engineers have developed a catalyst by adding a flat platinum interface to NiFe-layered double hydroxide (LDH). The new catalyst increases hydrogen production efficiency and displays 11.2 times higher activity than conventional catalysts. |
| Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Based on an antibody study, dried samples of easily self-collected saliva and of blood drawn from the fingertip could be useful for monitoring people's immune responses to vaccination. |
| Women burn fat even after menopause Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT The estrogen deficiency following menopause is thought to impair women's ability to use fat as an energy source. A study shows that menopausal state or blood estrogen levels do not clearly determine the rate middle-aged women are able to use fat at rest or during exercise. Higher fat utilization did not indicate better glucose tolerance. |
| Stem cells unraveled: We're one step closer to making organs in a dish Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT Using a mouse model, researchers have deciphered an alternative route that certain cells take to make organs and used that knowledge to exploit a new type of stem cells as a potential source of organs in a dish. |
| Omicron hit rural America harder than cities Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:27 AM PDT The omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2021 and early 2022 spread rapidly America's densely populated cities, but led to higher rates of death in rural counties where vaccinations are lagging. Counties with vaccination rates of less than 40% had far higher mortality rates than counties with vaccination rates of 60% or more. The study recommended that health policymakers continue to make vaccination coverage a priority. |
| Panthers now number one predator of white-tailed deer in Southwest Florida Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT A new study found Florida panthers are the No. 1 cause of mortality for white-tailed deer in Southwest Florida. The researchers set out to get a better picture of what factors most affect the survival of Florida's white-tailed deer, the most popular game species in the state and a key prey species for the Florida panther. |
| DNA nanotech safe for medical use, new study suggests Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Advances in nanotechnology have made it possible to fabricate structures out of DNA for use in biomedical applications like delivering drugs or creating vaccines, but new research in mice investigates the safety of the technology. |
| No signs (yet) of life on Venus Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT The unusual behavior of sulphur in Venus' atmosphere cannot be explained by an 'aerial' form of extra-terrestrial life, according to a new study. |
| Cats' strange reactions to catnip make it a better insect repellent Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Anyone who has seen a cat experience catnip knows that it makes them go a bit wild -- they rub in it, roll on it, chew it, and lick it aggressively. It is widely accepted that this plant, and its Asian counterpart, silvervine, have intoxicative properties, but this might not be the only reason that cats rub on and chew the plants so enthusiastically. Researchers have found that when cats damage catnip, much higher amounts of strong insect repellents are released, indicating that the cats' behavior protects them from pests. |
| Pioneering study shows climate played crucial role in changing location of ancient coral reefs Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Prehistoric coral reefs dating back up to 250 million years extended much further away from the Earth's equator than today, new research has revealed. |
| Streamlining stem cells to treat macular degeneration Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Scientists have tested and confirmed a protocol for growing human embryonic stem cells into retina cells to treat eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. |
| New research identifies more than 1,000 genes linked to severe COVID-19 Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT A new study reveals why some healthy adults with the COVID-19 infection become seriously ill, while others have few symptoms. |
| Do our genes determine what we eat? Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Preliminary findings from a new study involving more than 6,000 adults found that taste-related genes may play a role in determining food choices and could, in turn, influence cardiometabolic health. |
| Most people think their diet is healthier than it is Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT How healthy is your diet? It seems like a simple question, but according to a new study, it's one that most Americans struggle to get right. |
| New processing technique could make potatoes healthier Posted: 14 Jun 2022 09:26 AM PDT Researchers announced early tests of a new potato processing technique designed to make our bodies digest potato starch more slowly. Laboratory demonstrations show that the approach blocks certain digestive enzymes from reaching the potato starch as quickly, leading to a more controlled release of dietary glucose. |
| The coronavirus epidemic of 2020 in Finland began with five virus lineages Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Researchers investigated the arrival and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Finland in 2020. According to the analysis, a total of 42 independent virus lineages arrived in Finland in spring 2020, of which only a handful caused large chains of transmission. |
| COVID-19: New insights into the processes of recovery after severe disease Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Recovery from severe COVID-19 is characterized by a reduction of certain white blood cells and changes in the molecular regulation of the immune system, according to new research. Scientists examined the blood of 139 patients who had received intensive care. Using a novel method of data analysis, they identified -- despite individual differences in the time course of the disease -- mechanisms of shared relevance that characterized the recovery process from an immunological perspective. |
| Calculating the 'fingerprints' of molecules with artificial intelligence Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT With conventional methods, it is extremely time-consuming to calculate the spectral fingerprint of larger molecules. But this is a prerequisite for correctly interpreting experimentally obtained data. Now, a team has achieved very good results in significantly less time using self-learning graphical neural networks. |
| Genes reveal coffee is safe during pregnancy, study suggests Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Researchers have used genetics to analyze coffee drinking behavior, and their findings show limited coffee consumption during pregnancy didn't increase the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth or premature birth. |
| Pre-school play with friends lowers risk of mental health problems later Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Children who learn to play well with others at pre-school age tend to enjoy better mental health as they get older, new research shows. The study provides the first clear evidence that the ability to play with peers has a protective effect on mental health. Researchers analysed data from almost 1,700 children at ages three and seven. Those with better peer play ability at age three consistently showed fewer signs of poor mental health four years later. Significantly, this protective link between peer play and mental health held true even for sub-groups of children who were particularly at risk of mental health problems. The findings suggest that giving young children who might be vulnerable to mental health issues access to well-supported opportunities to play with peers -- for example, at playgroups run by early years specialists -- could be a way to significantly benefit their long-term mental health. |
| Unravelling the diversity of the wild house mouse Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Scientists have revealed the genetic structure and diversity, and inferred the population history, of the wild house mouse across Europe and Asia. |
| Age 40 is when busy Americans get the least sleep Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT A graph of how long Americans sleep forms a U-shaped pattern across our lives, with age 40 being the low point and hours of sleep starting to creep back up about age 50, investigators report. |
| Uterine transplantation is efficacious and safe, study suggests Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:56 AM PDT Transplanting a uterus is an effective, safe method to remedy infertility when a functioning uterus is lacking. This is the conclusion from a thorough study of uterine transplantation. |
| Automating renal access in kidney stone surgery using AI-enabled surgical robot Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an efficient surgical intervention for removing large kidney stones. However, it is a challenging procedure that requires years of training to perform. To meet the need for quick skill-building, scientists have now developed and trialed an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled robotic device for assisting surgeons in PCNL. Its notable features include ease of use and better accuracy in creating renal access. |
| New, highly tunable composite materials--with a twist Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Mathematicians have found that they can design a range of composite materials from moiré patterns created by rotating and stretching one lattice relative to another. Their electrical and other physical properties can change --s ometimes quite abruptly, depending on whether the resulting moiré patterns are regularly repeating or non-repeating. |
| Study finds few COVID-19 patients get rebound symptoms after Paxlovid treatment Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Researchers studied the outcomes of 483 high-risk patients treated for COVID-19 with a five-day oral regimen of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir, together marketed as Paxlovid. Only a handful developed COVID-19 rebound symptoms, and the researchers say more studies are needed to determine why. |
| Controlled fabrication of multimetallic building blocks for hybrid nanomaterials Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Polymers with different metal complexes in their side chains are thought to be promising high-performance materials with a wide variety of applications. However, conventional fabrication methods are not suitable for constructing such polymers because controlling their resulting metal composition is complicated. Recently, scientists have developed a method to overcome this limitation and successfully produce multimetallic copolymers, which can be used as building blocks to create future hybrid materials. |
| Brain signal irregularity may provide clues to understanding epileptic process Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Researchers propose a new method to differentiate signals from the epileptic focus from those recorded in other parts of the brain without the presence of an epileptic seizure. This technique may help detect epilepsy-induced features from these signals much quicker than conventional analysis techniques. |
| Novel host cell pathway hijacked during COVID-19 infection uncovered Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Researchers have been investigating how the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, manipulates host proteins to penetrate into human cells. After identifying Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, the scientists have published new findings describing how the coronavirus subverts a host cell pathway in order to infect human cells. |
| New fire shelter prototypes could buy time for wildfire firefighters Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Temperatures inside new wildfire shelter prototypes remained within survival limits for longer, and the shelters took longer to break open, compared with an industry standard. |
| Suicide rates didn't increase during pandemic, study finds Posted: 14 Jun 2022 06:55 AM PDT Many people, including mental health experts, anticipated a dramatic increase in suicide rates following the outbreak of COVID-19. But in fact, this has not been the case and most of the research published in scientific journals points to either no change or a decrease in rates of suicide following the pandemic, according to a new study. |
| The potential of probabilistic computers Posted: 13 Jun 2022 04:34 PM PDT The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has created a crisis in computing and a significant need for more hardware that is both energy-efficient and scalable. A key step in both AI and ML is making decisions based on incomplete data, the best approach for which is to output a probability for each possible answer. Current classical computers are not able to do that in an energy-efficient way, a limitation that has led to a search for novel approaches to computing. Quantum computers, which operate on qubits, may help meet these challenges, but they are extremely sensitive to their surroundings, must be kept at extremely low temperatures and are still in the early stages of development. |
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