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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| Warming Atlantic drives right whales towards extinction Posted: 01 Sep 2021 04:14 PM PDT Warming oceans have driven the critically endangered North Atlantic right whale population from its traditional and protected habitat, exposing the animals to more lethal ship strikes, disastrous commercial fishing entanglements and greatly reduced calving rates. Without improving its management, the right whale populations will decline and potentially become extinct in the coming decades, according to a recent report. |
| Illegal cannabis farms infringe on crucial habitat for sensitive birds and mammals Posted: 01 Sep 2021 11:26 AM PDT Sites favored by illegal cannabis farmers on the West Coast of the United States overlap with the habitat ranges of three threatened predators, potentially exposing them to toxic pesticides, according to a new study. |
| Deadwood in the global carbon cycle Posted: 01 Sep 2021 09:41 AM PDT The speed at which deadwood decomposes in forests depends on the climate as well as on fungi and insects. An international research team has now determined the annual contribution made by deadwood to the global carbon cycle and quantified the importance of insects in the decomposition of wood. |
| Step by step to the end product through enzyme catalysis Posted: 01 Sep 2021 08:37 AM PDT The production of the sugar trehalose, which is used as a functional food and an additive in pharmaceutical products or in cosmetics, is a team effort for enzymes: One takes care of the construction of an energy-rich intermediate product (UDP-glucose), from which the second then makes trehalose. Flow catalysis makes the cooperation possible, even though enzyme number one works at room temperature, while number two prefers temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius. |
| By reducing forest floor temperature, invasive shrubs stifle native species Posted: 01 Sep 2021 08:37 AM PDT Invasive shrubs in Northeastern forests that sprout leaves earlier in the spring and keep them longer in the fall not only absorb more sunlight than native shrubs, but their foliage lowers air temperatures on the forest floor, likely giving them another competitive advantage. |
| Study shows a whale of a difference between songs of birds and humpbacks Posted: 01 Sep 2021 08:37 AM PDT These findings challenge the results of past studies that vocal variations in humpback whale songs provide information about a singer's reproductive fitness. Instead, the morphing appears to reveal the precise locations and movements of singers from long distances and may enhance the effectiveness of song parts as sonar signals. |
| Dogs tell the difference between intentional and unintentional action Posted: 01 Sep 2021 06:00 AM PDT A study compared dogs' spontaneous reactions to intentional and unintentional human behavior and found that dogs reacted differently depending on the condition. |
| How ant teeth cut like a scalpel Posted: 01 Sep 2021 06:00 AM PDT The built-in tools of ants have been imaged in atomic detail for the first time by materials scientists. |
| Oxygen-delivering hydrogel accelerates diabetic wound healing Posted: 31 Aug 2021 10:14 AM PDT A professor of mechanical engineering and materials science has developed a hydrogel that delivers oxygen to a wound, which decreases inflammation, helps remodel tissue and accelerates healing. |
| Using evolutionary principles could prevent antibiotic resistance Posted: 31 Aug 2021 10:14 AM PDT Sequential treatment using antibiotics that are similar but swapped around frequently is an effective way to kill bacteria and reduce drug resistance. |
| Protruding eyes, mouth make stingrays more hydrodynamically efficient Posted: 31 Aug 2021 08:19 AM PDT Researchers detail how the protruding eyes and mouths on simulated stingrays affect a range of forces involved in propulsion, such as pressure and vorticity. They created a computer model of a self-propelled flexible plate that mimicked a stingray's up-and-down harmonic oscillations and used it to illustrate the complex interplay between hydrodynamic forces. The group found that the eyes and mouth help streamline stingrays even further. |
| Posted: 31 Aug 2021 06:56 AM PDT Researchers report how a protein molecular motor can chop off a piece of cell membrane. The constrict-and-cut mechanism resembles that of a ratchet motor, and is of importance in processes mediating the entry of particles into cells. |
| Standards for studies using machine learning Posted: 30 Aug 2021 01:39 PM PDT Researchers in the life sciences who use machine learning for their studies should adopt standards that allow other researchers to reproduce their results, according to a new article. |
| The flower clock: How a small protein helps flowers to develop right and on time Posted: 30 Aug 2021 12:29 PM PDT Researchers have found that KNUCKLES (KNU), a small multi-functional protein, helps flowers to complete their development correctly and in a timely way. KNU stops a feedback loop between two genes, playing multiple roles to allow the proper formation of flower reproductive organs within a short time frame. This research will be useful for genetic studies of food crops, and food production globally. |
| Posted: 30 Aug 2021 11:02 AM PDT A simple fish stock assessment model applied to over 500 years of catch data demonstrated that if Canadian authorities had allowed for the rebuilding of the stock of northern Atlantic cod off Newfoundland and Labrador in the 1980s, annual catches of about 200,000 tons could have been sustained. |
| New beautiful, dragon-like species of lizard discovered in the Tropical Andes Posted: 30 Aug 2021 07:00 AM PDT Enyalioides feiruzae is a colourful, highly variable new species of lizard discovered in the upper basin of the Huallaga River in central Peru. The authors, having searched for amphibians and reptiles in the area between 2011 and 2018, have now finally described this stunning reptile as new to science. |
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