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ScienceDaily: Plants & Animals News |
| Visualizing the invisible: New fluorescent DNA label reveals nanoscopic cancer features Posted: 04 Mar 2022 11:46 AM PST Researchers have developed a new fluorescent label that gives a clearer picture of how DNA architecture is disrupted in cancer cells. The findings could improve cancer diagnoses for patients and classification of future cancer risk. |
| Artificial intelligence predicts algae potential as alternative energy source Posted: 04 Mar 2022 09:40 AM PST Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists are using artificial intelligence to set a new world record for producing algae as a reliable, economic source for biofuel that can be used as an alternative fuel source for jet aircraft and other transportation needs. |
| During droughts, thirstier mountain forests could mean less water downstream Posted: 04 Mar 2022 08:20 AM PST Researchers found upstream forests' increased water consumption during droughts could leave less water downstream for forests, cities and wildlife during drought. |
| A new study relates liquid fructose intake to fatty liver disease Posted: 04 Mar 2022 08:20 AM PST A high-fat diet is not enough to cause short-term fatty liver disease. However, if this diet is combined with the intake of beverages sweetened with liquid fructose, the accumulation of fats in the liver accelerates and hypertriglyceridemia -- a cardiovascular risk factor -- can appear, according to researchers. |
| Microneedle approach to address peanut allergy shows promise in mice Posted: 04 Mar 2022 08:20 AM PST Mice that received treatments with peanut-coated microneedles had significant increased rates of desensitization to peanut allergy compared with epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT), a new study found. The microneedle treatment success was achieved despite applying a dose of peanut protein 10-times lower than the dose delivered by EPIT. Researchers say the findings demonstrate the potential for peanut microneedles to improve food allergen immunotherapy through the skin. |
| 'Fingerprint' machine learning technique identifies different bacteria in seconds Posted: 04 Mar 2022 07:10 AM PST Bacterial identification can take hours and often longer -- precious time when diagnosing infections and selecting appropriate treatments. There may be a quicker, more accurate process. By teaching a deep learning algorithm to identify the 'fingerprint' spectra of the molecular components of various bacteria, the researchers could classify various bacteria in different media with accuracies up to 98%. |
| More alcohol, less brain: Association begins with an average of just one drink a day Posted: 04 Mar 2022 06:03 AM PST Even light-to-moderate drinking is associated with harm to the brain, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed data from more than 36,000 adults that found a link between drinking and reduced brain volume that begins at an average consumption level of less than one alcohol unit a day -- the equivalent of about half a beer -- and rises with each additional drink. |
| Henipavirus glycoprotein architecture suggests therapeutic strategies Posted: 04 Mar 2022 06:03 AM PST 3D structural findings are reported on a critical component of the Nipah virus' infection mechanism, and how antibodies home in on an important part of the machinery that attaches the virus to host cells. The results point to multipronged strategies for preventing and treating the deadly Nipah and Hendra viruses, which are carried by bats, but which have jumped species to infect other animals and people. The results of this latest research suggest a blueprint for computer-engineered, next-generation vaccine candidates, |
| New species of stegosaur is oldest discovered in Asia, and possibly the world Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:58 PM PST Relatively small, but fearsome-looking stegosaur measured about 2.8 meters (9 feet) from nose to tail -- but scientists can't tell whether the remains are those of an adult or juvenile. |
| Researchers identify potential approaches to modify the vaginal microbiome Posted: 03 Mar 2022 04:15 PM PST Study shows that L. iners has unique nutritional requirements that distinguish it from L. crispatus, potentially allowing it to be targeted using novel therapeutic strategies. |
| How can the computer chip predict the future of gene synthesis? Posted: 03 Mar 2022 01:20 PM PST Creating synthetic life could be easily within our grasp soon based on a comparison with the evolution of computer chips. Computer programming and gene synthesis appear to share little in common. But according to an expert, leaps forward in technology in the former make him optimistic that wide scale gene manufacture is achievable. |
| The future of data storage is double-helical, research indicates Posted: 03 Mar 2022 01:20 PM PST Researchers added seven new letters to DNA's molecular alphabet and developed a precise, letter-perfect sequencing method. These innovations helped transform the double helix into a robust, sustainable data storage platform fit for the Information Age and built to last well beyond the 21st century. |
| Joro spiders likely to spread beyond Georgia, US Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:41 AM PST The Joro spider first arrived stateside around 2013 and has since spread across the state and Southeast. But new research suggests the invasive arachnids could spread through most of the Eastern Seaboard of the U.S. |
| Rapid evolution fuels transcriptional plasticity in fish species to cope with ocean acidification Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST A research team has revealed the basis to variability across different fish species and uncovered that some species evolve more rapidly, providing them with evolved molecular toolkits and allowing them able to cope with future ocean acidification. |
| Two-faced orchestrator: Tis gene regulates positive and negative immune responses in plants Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST The mechanism of plant defense mediated by the non-expressor of pathogenesis-related (NPR) genes in monocots (plants having a single embryonic leaf) is not well-documented. Now, scientists have discovered how the NPR family of genes regulate immune responses in the model monocot Brachypodium distachyon. These findings provide a blueprint for plants' defense systems and might contribute to more research towards resilient crop species, boosting pesticide-free cereal crop cultivation. |
| Physics race pits Usain Bolt against Jurassic Park dinosaur Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST Scott Lee is a physics professor at the University of Toledo who has developed numerous learning activities to help intro-level students get enthusiastic about the topic. His latest innovative activity poses the question: Is Usain Bolt faster than a 900-pound dinosaur? |
| New tool reveals function of enigmatic gene sequences Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PST While the large proportion of our genome that does not instruct our cells to form proteins has been harder to study than protein-coding genes, it has been shown to have vital physiological functions. Scientists have now developed new high-precision tools able to identify what these noncoding sequences do. The study may eventually contribute to the development of new, targeted drugs. |
| Mussels' underwater glue inspires synthetic cement Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Researchers have used a novel method to replicate mussel-adhesive proteins, creating a stronger glue than the material they set out to mimic. |
| Weighing up: What’s the bottom line when it comes to weight loss? Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST When it comes to weight loss, many of us have dabbled in the latest diets. But whether you're cutting carbs or keeping to keto, new research shows that diet trends can cost more than your waistline and leave a hefty hole in your hip pocket. |
| Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Researchers develop tool that 'audits' the results of studies that examine interplay between variables. Using this approach, researchers identify inconsistent findings in one-third of previous association studies of gut microbiome and disease. The software can help researchers check the reliability of their own findings before submitting them for publication. Association studies are critical in paving the way to further research into disease causes and mechanisms of dysfunction. |
| Special shell protects Antarctic scallop from ice build-up Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Airplane wings that don't ice up or solar cells that generate electricity even in winter - ice-free surfaces are important for many applications. A team of scientists has now studied an Antarctic scallop species that opposes the icing process with the help of its shell surface. Due to their special structure, thin layers of ice adhere poorly and are easily washed away by the flow. The discovery could help in the development of ice-free bionic surfaces in the long term. |
| Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:21 AM PST More than 20 years after the first release of the human genome, scientists have for the first time deciphered the highly complex genome of the potato. Their impressive technical feat will accelerate efforts to breed superior varieties. |
| Researchers reconstruct ancient fish lizard Posted: 03 Mar 2022 07:27 AM PST Scientists have mapped 300 years of research on the prehistoric marine reptiles known as ichthyosaurs. Using a uniquely well-preserved fossil, the team has also created the scientifically most up-to-date reconstruction of an ichthyosaur currently available. |
| Ensuring sustainable recreational fisheries in the face of social change Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST The observation that 'the fishing's not what it used to be' ranks up there with 'the one that got away' as a story that has crossed over from folk wisdom to folklore. But what if there is truth in it? New research suggests that slow but steady degradation of recreational fisheries may be common, and points to actions that anglers and fisheries managers can take to help stabilize and improve fisheries today and for future generations. |
| Bull ant evolves new way to target pain Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST Researchers found a bull ant venom component that exploits a pain pathway in mammals, which they believe evolved to stop echidnas attacking the ant's nests. |
| Rainfall strongly affects infectious Vibrio bacteria in Ala Wai Canal Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST In the Ala Wai Canal in Waikiki, Hawai'i, the abundance of Vibrio vulnificus, an infectious bacterium, is strongly influenced by the amount of rainfall in the surrounding areas, according to a recently published study. |
| Understanding genomes, piece by piece Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST Genomes are made up of thousands of individual pieces -- genes -- which are expressed at different levels. Researchers have shed light on how the placement of a gene affects its expression, as well as that of its neighbors. |
| A new molecular family tree of grasses Posted: 02 Mar 2022 09:51 AM PST The evolutionary relationships among grasses have been clarified in new molecular study of the grass family tree, the study also provides evidence that a type of photosynthesis -- known as 'C4 photosynthesis' -- that allows the plants to harness the sun's energy in hot, dry climates evolved independently multiple times within different grass lineages. |
| Analysis of sex roles in 1,800 bird species Posted: 02 Mar 2022 09:51 AM PST Sex roles in birds describe sex differences in courtship, mate competition, social pair-bonds, and parental care. Different explanations have been put forward to explain these differences but none are based on a comprehensive study. Therefore, an international team of experts set out to analyse data on 1,800 of the approximately 9,000 different species of birds as their study organisms. |
| Posted: 02 Mar 2022 06:27 AM PST Paleontologists from La Brea Tar Pits develop a whole herd of scientifically accurate extinct animals to use in AR and VR. |
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