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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
Nitrogen pollution's path to streams weaves through more forests (and faster) than suspected Posted: 15 Mar 2019 01:10 PM PDT Scientists have completed one of the largest and longest examinations to trace unprocessed nitrate movement in forests. The team found that some nitrate occasionally moves too fast for biological uptake, resulting in 'unprocessed' nitrate bypassing the otherwise effective filter of forest biology. |
Chemical probe can regulate signaling pathway and block cell invasion by arboviruses Posted: 15 Mar 2019 08:59 AM PDT Dysregulation of the signaling pathway known as the beta-catenin-dependent Wnt can also cause embryo malformation and contribute for the development of breast and cervical cancer. |
A repellent odor inhibits the perception of a pleasant odor in vinegar flies Posted: 15 Mar 2019 08:09 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that repellent odors suppress the perception of pleasant smells. This happens because certain brain structures that respond to attractive odors are inhibited by a repellent one. These processes in the brain are also reflected in the behavior of the flies. This helps them to avoid spoiled or infected food sources, which would have fatal consequences for the flies and their offspring. |
Higher egg and cholesterol consumption hikes heart disease and early death risk Posted: 15 Mar 2019 08:08 AM PDT Cancel the cheese omelet. A large, new study of nearly 30,000 people reports adults who ate more eggs and dietary cholesterol had a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. People need to consume lower amounts of cholesterol to have a lower risk of heart disease, the study authors said. |
Uncovering uncultivated microbes in the human gut Posted: 15 Mar 2019 06:58 AM PDT A human's health is shaped both by environmental factors and the body's interactions with the microbiome, particularly in the gut. Genome sequences are critical for characterizing individual microbes and understanding their functional roles. However, previous studies have estimated that only 50 percent of species in the gut microbiome have a sequenced genome, in part because many species have not yet been cultivated for study. |
Sources and Sinks: What drives long-term climatic trends? Posted: 14 Mar 2019 04:25 PM PDT For the entire history of our species, humans have lived on a planet capped by a chunk of ice at each pole. But Earth has been ice-free for about 75 percent of the time since complex life first appeared. This variation in background climate, between partly glaciated and ice-free, has puzzled geologists for decades. |
In this nematode species males are needed for reproduction but not their genes Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:17 PM PDT In the Mesorhabditis belari roundworm, the sole purpose of males is to help females produce clones of themselves. |
Tectonics in the tropics trigger Earth's ice ages Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:16 PM PDT Over the last 540 million years, the Earth has weathered three major ice ages -- periods during which global temperatures plummeted, producing extensive ice sheets and glaciers that have stretched beyond the polar caps. Now scientists have identified the likely trigger for these ice ages. |
How a mitochondrial enzyme can trigger cell death Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:16 PM PDT Cytochrome c is a small enzyme that plays an important role in the production of energy by mitochondria. It is also involved in signaling dangerous problems that warrant apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Using solid-state NMR, researchers have discovered that the signal induced by cytochrome c is more controlled than expected. |
Tracking turtles with telemetry Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:16 PM PDT A new model has been created that can forecast the location of Eastern Pacific leatherback turtles along the coast of Central and South America in an effort to decrease bycatch mortality of this critically endangered and ecologically important species. |
Diet-induced changes favor innovation in speech sounds Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:16 PM PDT Diet-induced changes in the human bite resulted in new sounds such as 'f' in languages all over the world, a study by an international team led by researchers has shown. The findings contradict the theory that the range of human sounds has remained fixed throughout human history. |
Unique diversity of the genetic history of the Iberian Peninsula revealed by dual studies Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:15 PM PDT Researchers have analyzed ancient DNA from almost 300 individuals from the Iberian Peninsula, spanning more than 12,000 years. The first study looked at hunter-gatherers and early farmers living in Iberia between 13,000 and 6,000 years ago. The second looked at individuals from the region over the last 8000 years. Together, the two papers greatly increase our knowledge about the population history of this unique region. |
Pests and the plant defenses against them drive diversity in tropical rainforests Posted: 14 Mar 2019 12:15 PM PDT Researchers have been baffled by tropical rainforest diversity for over a century; 650 different tree species can exist in an area covering two football fields, yet similar species never grow next to each other. It seems like it's good to be different than your neighbors, but why? |
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