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ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
| Earliest geochemical evidence of plate tectonics found in 3.8-billion-year-old crystal Posted: 21 Apr 2022 10:10 AM PDT Plate tectonics may be unique to Earth and may be an essential characteristic of habitable planets. Estimates for its onset range from over 4 billion years ago to just 800 million years ago. A new study reports evidence of a transition in multiple locations around the world, 3.8-3.6 billion years ago, from stable 'protocrust' to pressures and processes that look a lot like modern subduction, suggesting a time when plates first got moving. |
| Humans disrupting 66 million-year-old feature of ecosystems Posted: 21 Apr 2022 10:10 AM PDT Human-related extinctions of the largest herbivores and carnivores are disrupting what appears to be a fundamental feature of past and present ecosystems, says a new study. |
| Glowing spider fossils prompt breakthrough study of how they were preserved at Aix-en-Provence Posted: 21 Apr 2022 10:10 AM PDT A new study asks: What are the unique chemical and geological processes at Aix-en-Provence that preserve spiders from the Oligocene Period so exquisitely? |
| Bonds from the past: A journey through the history of protein synthesis Posted: 21 Apr 2022 07:01 AM PDT The process of 'translation' in protein synthesis involves formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids that are attached to two distinct transfer RNAs (tRNAs). For long, scientists have been puzzled as to how these tRNAs evolutionarily lie so close to each other on the ribosome. In a new study, researchers explain how tRNA-like components act as scaffolds for peptide bond formation between amino acid-bound 'RNA minihelices,' which are half tRNA-like molecules. |
| Life history: Scholars call for greater collaboration between zoos, museums Posted: 21 Apr 2022 07:01 AM PDT The animal collections housed at zoos and natural history museums -- living specimens in the first case, preserved in the other -- constitute an exhaustive trove of information about Earth's biodiversity. A new paper lays out a pathway to increasing collaboration between these groups that would enhance our understanding of the animal kingdom. |
| Sapphire fiber could enable cleaner energy and air-travel Posted: 21 Apr 2022 07:01 AM PDT Oxford University researchers have developed a sensor made of sapphire fibre that can tolerate extreme temperatures, with the potential to enable significant improvements in efficiency and emission reduction in aerospace and power generation. |
| Researchers detect coronavirus particles with 'slow light' Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Existing methods for detecting and diagnosing COVID-19 are either expensive and complex or inaccurate. Now, scientists have developed a novel biosensing platform to detect and quantify viral particles using a simple optical microscope and antibody proteins. Their versatile approach, based on slowing down light, could pave the way to new diagnostic tools and next-generation detection platforms that are fast, accurate, and low-cost. |
| Extracellular vesicles offer new insights into treating endocrine disorders Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT A new statement describes the importance of extracellular vesicles as a new research target for understanding the causes of certain endocrine disorders such as cancer and diabetes and discovering new treatments for these disorders. |
| New bird app spreads its wings Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Researchers have helped design an app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by breaking down language barriers between scientists. |
| A layered approach is needed to prevent infections from becoming harder to treat Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Counteracting antimicrobial resistance needs a multipronged approach, including training, labeling food products, working with the media and changing mindsets, according to a new study. |
| Anglo-Saxon kings were mostly veggie but peasants treated them to huge barbecues, new study argues Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Very few people in England ate large amounts of meat before the Vikings settled, and there is no evidence that elites ate more meat than other people, a major new bioarchaeological study suggests. Its sister study also argues that peasants occasionally hosted lavish meat feasts for their rulers. The findings overturn major assumptions about early medieval English history. |
| Expect to see more squid and less sockeye salmon on 'climate changed' menus Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Vancouver seafood lovers may see more Humboldt squid but less sockeye salmon on restaurant menus in the near future due to climate change. That's according to a new study which examined 362 Vancouver restaurant menus from four time periods, spanning 1880 to 2021. |
| 'Whup' and 'grumble' calls reveal secrets of humpback whales Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Sounds made by humpback whales -- including a previously unknown call -- have given researchers a glimpse of their lives in the high seas. |
| Brains and brawn helped crows and ravens take over the world Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Crows and ravens have great flying ability, which allows them to gain access to new places more easily. While these skills were key to their success, new research also shows that big bodies and big brains played an important role in helping crows and ravens survive in the new climates they occupied. |
| Spatial distribution of pores helps determine where carbon is stored in the soil Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:41 AM PDT Soils store more carbon than all the vegetation on the Earth's surface. However, there are still many unanswered questions about precisely which processes favor accumulation in the soil. Soil scientists have now developed a new method to show where and under what conditions carbon is stored f in the soil. It turns out, it is primarily the network of soil pores that controls the spatial distribution of carbon. |
| Posted: 21 Apr 2022 06:40 AM PDT Experts have developed a ground-breaking software, which combines DNA sequencing and machine learning to help them find where, and to what extent, antibiotic resistant bacteria is being transmitted between humans, animals and the environment. |
| Prehistoric people created art by firelight, new research reveals Posted: 20 Apr 2022 12:15 PM PDT Stones that were incised with artistic designs around 15,000 years ago have patterns of heat damage which suggests they were carved close to the flickering light of a fire, a new study has found. |
| New research reveals the complexity of improving rangeland management in Africa Posted: 20 Apr 2022 10:36 AM PDT Herding communities across northern Namibia are afflicted by poverty and overgrazed rangelands, but international funding to improve the situation hasn't always translated into direct benefits for people or the land. New research explores the reasons why there is a disconnect. The reasons for the failures, up to now, have remained something of a puzzle. |
| Posted: 20 Apr 2022 10:36 AM PDT New findings have found Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are likely to achieve higher environmental performance through circular economy (CE) adoption. |
| Marine microbes swim towards their favorite food Posted: 20 Apr 2022 08:29 AM PDT Although invisible to us, every teaspoon of seawater contains more than a million marine bacteria. These tiny microbes play pivotal roles in governing the chemical cycles that control our climate and shape the health of the global ocean, but are they passive drifters or purposeful hunters? |
| Protected areas don't always boost biodiversity Posted: 20 Apr 2022 08:29 AM PDT Protected areas such as national parks have a 'mixed impact' on wildlife, according to the largest ever global study of their effects. |
| When neurons behave like a double-edged sword Posted: 19 Apr 2022 07:32 AM PDT Immune cell responses to bacteria affect the intrinsic excitability of rat neuronal subtypes differently. Calcium-activated SK channels in pyramidal cells were modulated by microglia and upregulated, while they were downregulated in Purkinje cells. |
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