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| Study reveals structure of key receptors involved in memory and learning Posted: 12 May 2021 11:36 AM PDT Scientists have for the first time revealed the structure surrounding important receptors in the brain's hippocampus, the seat of memory and learning. The new study focuses on the organization and function of glutamate receptors, a type of neurotransmitter receptor involved in sensing signals between nerve cells in the hippocampus region of the brain. The study reveals the molecular structure of three major complexes of glutamate receptors in the hippocampus. |
| Bears that mark more trees may be more successful in mating Posted: 12 May 2021 11:36 AM PDT Brown bears that are more inclined to grate and rub against trees have more offspring and more mates, according to a new study. The results suggest there might be a fitness component to the poorly understood behavior. |
| Interactive typeface for digital text Posted: 12 May 2021 11:35 AM PDT Researchers have developed a computer font that adapts its appearance based on the user's interaction with the text. ''AdaptiFont'' measures a user's reading speed and interactively changes the font's shape seamlessly and continuously to allow the user to read text more easily. By employing an artificial intelligence algorithm, new personalized fonts are generated on the fly in such a way that they increase an individual reader's reading speed. |
| Scientists design new drug compound to stop malaria in its tracks Posted: 12 May 2021 11:35 AM PDT Researchers have designed a drug-like compound which effectively blocks a critical step in the malaria parasite life cycle and are working to develop this compound into a potential first of its kind malaria treatment. |
| Brain research gets a boost from mosquitoes Posted: 12 May 2021 10:29 AM PDT Scientists took a light-sensitive protein derived from mosquitoes and used it to devise an improved method for investigating the messages that are passed from neuron to neuron in the brains of mice. |
| Peptide could allow medical marijuana to relieve pain without side effects Posted: 12 May 2021 08:57 AM PDT Many people live with chronic pain, and in some cases, cannabis can provide relief. But the drug also can significantly impact memory and other cognitive functions. Now, researchers have developed a peptide that, in mice, allowed THC, the main component of Cannabis sativa, to fight pain without the side effects. |
| Brain computer interface turns mental handwriting into text on screen Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT Researchers have, for the first time, decoded the neural signals associated with writing letters, then displayed typed versions of these letters in real time. They hope their invention could one day help people with paralysis communicate. |
| Untangling the brain: new research offers hope for Alzheimer's disease Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT In a new study, researchers investigate tangles in the brain -- pathologies not only characteristic of Alzheimer's but other neurodegenerative conditions as well. The research homes in on a particular protein known as Rbbp7, whose dysregulation appears linked to the eventual formation of tau protein tangles and the rampant cell death associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Certain gut microbiota profile can predict mortality Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT Researchers discovered that a large amount of enterobacteria in the gut microbiota is related to long-term mortality risk in adult population. |
| 10 years after obesity surgery: How did life turn out? Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT In a new study, patients were interviewed about their experiences ten years after undergoing obesity surgery. The results show that the effect on eating and weight regulation persisted, whereas other problems, such as feelings of guilt about still not being healthy enough, remained. |
| Efficiently smuggling drugs into cells Posted: 12 May 2021 08:55 AM PDT A new method called Progressive Mechanoporation makes it possible to mechanically disrupt the membranes of cells for a short time period and let drugs or genes inside cells. In this way, researchers can test new therapies more easily than before. |
| Low levels of a simple sugar -- A new biomarker for severe MS? Posted: 12 May 2021 08:55 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a sugar molecule whose levels are reduced in the blood of patients with particularly severe multiple sclerosis. Their discovery could pave the way for a new therapeutic approach. |
| Organic meat less likely to be contaminated with multidrug-resistant bacteria Posted: 12 May 2021 08:55 AM PDT Meat that is certified organic by the U.S. Department of Agriculture is less likely to be contaminated with bacteria that can sicken people, including dangerous, multidrug-resistant organisms, compared to conventionally produced meat. |
| Residential coal use in China results in many premature deaths, models indicate Posted: 12 May 2021 05:34 AM PDT Coal combustion by power plants and industry pollutes the air, causing many governments to implement mitigation actions and encourage cleaner forms of energy. Now, a new study indicates that in China, indoor air pollution from residential coal burning causes a disproportionate number of premature deaths from exposure to tiny, inhalable pollutants. |
| Earthworms could help reduce antibiotic resistance genes in soil Posted: 12 May 2021 05:34 AM PDT Earthworms improve the soil by aerating it, breaking down organic matter and mineralizing nutrients. Now, researchers have dug up another possible role: reducing the number and relative abundance of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in soils from diverse ecosystems. These results imply that earthworms could be a natural, sustainable solution to addressing the global issue of antibiotic resistance, the researchers say. |
| Gold leaf could help diagnose viral infections in low-resource settings Posted: 12 May 2021 05:34 AM PDT Gold leaf -- gold metal hammered into thin sheets -- is used by artists and crafters to gild picture frames, artwork and clothing. Despite its luxurious appearance, the material is affordable and available at most craft stores. Now, researchers have developed gold leaf electrodes that, in combination with a CRISPR-based assay, could sensitively detect human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in human samples. The method also could be modified to diagnose other viral infections. |
| Pink drinks can help you run faster and further, study finds Posted: 12 May 2021 05:34 AM PDT A new study shows that pink drinks can help to make you run faster and further compared to clear drinks. |
| Petting therapy dogs enhances thinking skills of stressed college students Posted: 12 May 2021 05:34 AM PDT Programs exclusively focused on petting therapy dogs improved stressed-out students' thinking and planning skills more effectively than programs that included traditional stress-management information, according to new research. |
| Long term use of prescription meds for insomnia not linked to better quality sleep Posted: 11 May 2021 05:11 PM PDT Long term use of prescription meds for insomnia doesn't seem to improve disturbed sleep in middle-aged women, suggests new research. |
| New findings linking brain immune system to psychosis Posted: 11 May 2021 05:11 PM PDT New research suggests a link between psychosis and a genetic change that affects the brain's immune system. The study may impact the development of modern medicines for bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. |
| COVID-19 vaccine does not damage the placenta in pregnancy Posted: 11 May 2021 05:11 PM PDT A new study of placentas from patients who received the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy found no evidence of injury, adding to the growing literature that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in pregnancy. |
| Posted: 11 May 2021 02:41 PM PDT Pregnant women who develop severe COVID-19 infections that require hospitalization for pneumonia and other complications may not be more likely to die from these infections than non-pregnant women. In fact, they may have significantly lower death rates than their non-pregnant counterparts. |
| Tiny, wireless, injectable chips use ultrasound to monitor body processes Posted: 11 May 2021 02:41 PM PDT Researchers report that they have built what they say is the world's smallest single-chip system, consuming a total volume of less than 0.1 mm3. The system is as small as a dust mite and visible only under a microscope. In order to achieve this, the team used ultrasound to both power and communicate with the device wirelessly. |
| How good is your sense of smell? Posted: 11 May 2021 01:07 PM PDT In a new study, researchers have found a possible link between poor sense of smell and a higher risk of pneumonia hospitalization. |
| Focus on outliers creates flawed snap judgments Posted: 11 May 2021 01:07 PM PDT You enter a room and quickly scan the crowd to gain a sense of who's there - how many men versus women. How reliable is your estimate? Not very, according to new research. In an experimental study, researchers found that participants consistently erred in estimating the proportion of men and women in a group. And participants erred in a particular way: They overestimated whichever group was in the minority. |
| People living with HIV more likely to get sick with, die from COVID-19 Posted: 11 May 2021 01:06 PM PDT New research shows that individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) -- an estimated 38 million worldwide, according to the World Health Organization -- have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and fatal outcomes from COVID-19. |
| To enhance creativity, keep your research team fresh Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT Network scientists address the effect of team freshness on the originality and multidisciplinary impact of produced work, by systematically investigating prior collaboration relations between team members. Among other things, their study reveals that papers of fresher teams are significantly more effective than those of older teams in creating studies of higher originality and greater multidisciplinary impact. |
| Using contrast MRI after a heart attack could increase survival Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT A new study has revealed that treatment for heart attacks could be improved thanks to a novel method of evaluating heart function using contrast-based MRI scans. |
| Many people could reduce their 'feeding window' by three hours Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT A new study has revealed 'real world' factors that influence people's interest in adopting a dietary pattern called time-restricted feeding. |
| Nature draws out a happy place for children Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT Young children in deprived areas see nature and outdoor spaces as being associated with 'happy places', according to a new study. |
| In the blood: Which antibodies best neutralize the coronavirus in COVID-19 patients? Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT Blood tests to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are an important tool for diagnosing the disease, developing potential treatments, and checking vaccine efficacy. Although such tests are available, we have very little understanding on how different antibodies interact with virus antigens. Scientists set out to assess various antigen-specific antibodies and determined which of them had the strongest neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2. |
| AI analytics predict COVID-19 patients' daily trajectory in UK intensive care units Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT Researchers have used machine learning to predict which COVID-19 patients might get worse and not respond positively to being turned onto their front in intensive care units -- a technique known as proning that is commonly used in this setting to improve oxygenation of the lungs. |
| Online therapy effective against OCD symptoms in the young Posted: 11 May 2021 09:38 AM PDT Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents is associated with impaired education and worse general health later in life. Access to specialist treatment is often limited. According to a new study, internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be as effective as conventional CBT. The study can help make treatment for OCD more widely accessible. |
| COVID-19 wastewater testing proves effective in new study Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT The research offers some of the first clear guidance on the most effective methods to perform testing to detect COVID-19 in wastewater. |
| Map of metabolic changes after heart attack holds clues to recovery Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have mapped out the changes in metabolism that occur after a heart attack. |
| Gene therapy restores immune function in children with rare immunodeficiency Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT An investigational gene therapy can safely restore the immune systems of infants and children who have a rare, life-threatening inherited immunodeficiency disorder, according to new research. The researchers found that 48 of 50 children who received the gene therapy retained their replenished immune system function two to three years later and did not require additional treatments for their condition, known as ADA-SCID. |
| Meditative practice and spiritual wellbeing may preserve cognitive function in aging Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT It is projected that up to 152 million people worldwide will be living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) by 2050. To date there are no drugs that have a substantial positive impact on either the prevention or reversal of cognitive decline. A growing body of evidence finds that targeting lifestyle and vascular risk factors have a beneficial effect on overall cognitive performance. A new review examines research that finds spiritual fitness, a new concept in medicine that centers on psychological and spiritual wellbeing, and Kirtan Kriya, a simple 12-minute meditative practice, may reduce multiple risk factors for AD. |
| Low-dose, four-drug combo blocks cancer spread in mice Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT Low doses of a four-drug combination helps prevent the spread of cancer in mice without triggering drug resistance or recurrence, shows a new study. |
| 'Safe System' approach could dramatically reduce road deaths while improving equity Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT A new approach to road safety that relies on design and engineering principles -- the 'Safe System' approach -- could lead to dramatic reductions in vehicle-related deaths and injuries if implemented in the US. |
| Simulating sneezes and coughs to show how COVID-19 spreads Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT Researchers have published papers on the droplets of liquid sprayed by coughs or sneezes and how far they can travel under different conditions. Their findings reinforce the importance of wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, avoiding poorly ventilated indoor spaces and washing your hands frequently, especially with the emergence of new, more transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. |
| Genetics: Biosynthesis pathway of a new DNA nucleobase elucidated Posted: 11 May 2021 09:37 AM PDT DNA is composed of nucleobases represented by the letters A, T, G and C. They form the basis of the genetic code and are present in all living beings. But in a bacteriophage, another base, represented by the letter Z, exists. This exception, the only one observed to date, has long remained a mystery. Scientists have now elucidated the biosynthesis pathway of this base. |
| Researchers discover regulatory pathway that blocks immune response against cancer Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT Researchers show that TIM-3 inhibits the STING signaling pathway in dendritic cells, thereby blocking their ability to elicit an immune response. |
| New research outlines a critical driver in an immune cell's defense against melanoma Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT Researchers have found critical new insights into how cells defend against melanoma. The team describes how an enzyme called nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, or NAMPT, initiates antitumor activity. The researchers suggest that new therapies strengthening this pathway in immune cells could be the foundation for more effective treatments against melanoma. |
| Box fan air cleaner can greatly reduce virus transmission, study finds Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT A systematic modeling study of simple air cleaners using a box fan shows these inexpensive units can greatly decrease the amount of airborne virus in these spaces, if used appropriately. |
| New mothers twice as likely to have post-natal depression in lockdown, study finds Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT Almost half (47.5 percent) of women with babies aged six months or younger met the threshold for postnatal depression during the first COVID lockdown, more than double average rates for Europe before the pandemic (23 percent), a new study finds. |
| Study finds 80 percent of hospitalized COVID-19 patients have neurological issues Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT A new paper presents early results of the global effort to gather information about the incidence, severity and outcomes of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 disease. |
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