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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Scientists learn what fuels the 'natural killers' of the immune system Posted: 01 Jun 2021 01:51 PM PDT Scientists are understanding more about natural killer (NK) cells, which are your allies when it comes to fighting infections and cancer. |
| New algorithm could help enable next-generation deep brain stimulation devices Posted: 01 Jun 2021 01:50 PM PDT Researchers have developed a technique that could allow deep brain stimulation devices to sense activity in the brain and adjust stimulation accordingly. |
| Innovative surgical simulator is a significant advance in training trauma teams Posted: 01 Jun 2021 01:50 PM PDT Simulators have long been used for training surgeons and surgical teams, but traditional simulator platforms typically have a built-in limitation: they often simulate one or a limited number of conditions that require performance of isolated tasks, such as placing an intravenous catheter, instead of simulating and providing opportunities for feedback on the performance of multiple interventions that a trauma victim may require at the same time. To overcome this limitation, the Advanced Modular Manikin (AMM), an innovative simulation platform that allows integration of other simulation devices, was developed and field testing was conducted, with support from the Department of Defense (DoD). |
| Modulating rapamycin target protein promotes autophagy, lowering toxic Huntingtin protein Posted: 01 Jun 2021 01:50 PM PDT Recent failed clinical trials of a drug designed to clear the mutant Huntingtin protein that causes Huntington's disease (HD) heightens the need for new approaches for the devastating, incurable, progressive neurodegenerative genetic disorder. Scientists have found that the targeting the protein called FK506-binding protein 51 or FKBP51 promotes the clearing of those toxic proteins via autophagy, a natural process whereby cells recycle damaged proteins and mitochondria and use them for nutrition. |
| Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:56 PM PDT Observational studies have suggested that increased vitamin D levels may protect against COVID-19. However, these studies were inconclusive and possibly subject to confounding. A new study suggests that genetic evidence does not support vitamin D as a protective measure against COVID-19. |
| Light shed on mysterious genotype-phenotype associations Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:56 PM PDT A new study analyzing the association between an individual's genetics (genotype) and their observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genetics and the environment (phenotype), contributes new knowledge to the understanding of human complex traits and diseases. |
| Role of sleep-related brain activity in clearing toxic proteins and preventing Alzheimer's disease Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:20 PM PDT Evidence of sleep-dependent low-frequency (less than 0.1 Hz) global brain activity in the clearance of Alzheimer's disease-related toxin buildup is presented in new research. This neuronal activity was more strongly linked with cerebrospinal fluid flow in healthy controls than higher risk groups and patients, and the findings could serve as a potential imaging marker for clinicians in evaluating patients. |
| Researchers discover gene linked to bone cancer in children, ID potential novel therapy Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:20 PM PDT Researchers have discovered a gene, OTUD7A, that impacts the development of Ewing sarcoma, a bone cancer that occurs mainly in children. They have also identified a compound that shows potential to block OTUD7A protein activity. Critical relationships between proteins contribute to the development of cancers such as Ewing sarcoma. So, it was a seminal discovery when the researchers found that OTUD7A controls the cancer-causing fusion protein. |
| Healthy lifestyle linked to better cognition for oldest adults -- regardless of genetic risk Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:20 PM PDT A new analysis of adults aged 80 years and older shows that a healthier lifestyle is associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment, and that this link does not depend on whether a person carries a particular form of the gene APOE. |
| Parasites may accumulate in spleens of asymptomatic individuals infected with malaria Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:20 PM PDT Malaria, a disease caused mainly by the parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, is associated with over 400,000 deaths each year. Previously, the spleen was assumed to mostly play a role in parasite destruction, as it eliminates malaria parasites after antimalarial treatment. A new study suggests that in chronic P. vivax infections, malaria parasites survive and replicate via a previously undetected lifecycle within the spleen. |
| Improved detection of atrial fibrillation could prevent disabling strokes Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:20 PM PDT A clinical trial examining the efficacy of two devices to monitor and detect atrial fibrillation (AF), or an irregular heartbeat, in ischemic stroke patients -- one an implantable device that monitors over 12 months, the other an external device that monitors over a 30-day period -- found the implantable device is more than three times more effective in detecting AF. |
| If countries implement Paris pledges with cuts to aerosols, millions of lives can be saved Posted: 01 Jun 2021 12:19 PM PDT Aerosol reductions that would take place as countries meet climate goals could contribute to global cooling and prevent more than one million annual premature deaths over a decade, according to a new study. |
| Scientists identify mechanism linking traumatic brain injury to neurodegenerative disease Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:58 AM PDT Scientists have revealed a potential mechanism for how traumatic brain injury leads to neurodegenerative diseases. |
| Revealing the mysteries of stonefish venom Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:58 AM PDT Scientists working to unlock the mysteries Australia's deadly stonefish have made a discovery which could change how sting victims are treated in the future. |
| Junk food game helps people eat less and lose weight Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:58 AM PDT Using a brain-training app helps people eat less junk food and lose weight, new research suggests. |
| It's never too early to begin healthy eating habits Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:58 AM PDT Researchers found that when health workers were trained to promote infant healthy feeding practices to pregnant women their children consumed less fats and carbohydrates at 3 years of age and had lower measures of body fat at the age of 6. The study is the first to show that the roots for obesity start in the first year of life, after mothers stop breastfeeding. |
| How news coverage affects public trust in science Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:57 AM PDT News media reports about scientific failures that do not recognize the self-correcting nature of science can damage public perceptions of trust and confidence in scientific work, according to new findings. |
| Mass of human chromosomes measured Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:57 AM PDT Researchers used a powerful X-ray beam to determine the number of electrons in a spread of 46 chromosomes which they used to calculate mass. |
| Researchers develop proof-of-concept treatment that elevates adult and fetal hemoglobin Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:57 AM PDT Researchers have developed a proof-of-concept treatment for blood disorders like sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia that could raise hemoglobin levels by activating production of both fetal and adult hemoglobin. Using a viral vector engineered to reactivate fetal hemoglobin production, suppress mutant hemoglobin, and supply functional adult hemoglobin, the researchers developed an approach that could produce more hemoglobin through a single vector. |
| Early bird or night owl? Study links shift worker sleep to 'chronotype' Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:57 AM PDT Getting enough sleep can be a real challenge for shift workers affecting their overall health. But what role does being an early bird or night owl play in getting good rest? Researchers find a link between chronotype and amount of sleep shift workers can get with their irregular schedules. |
| Mini bone marrow model predicts response to blood disorder treatment Posted: 01 Jun 2021 10:57 AM PDT A new miniature 3D model of human bone marrow has just been described. The model may help clinicians predict which patients will benefit from a new therapy for blood platelet disorders, such as Inherited Thrombocytopenias -- a group of familial disorders that inhibit the production of platelets. It could also enable further study of these disorders and give scientists a new tool to test experimental treatments. |
| Air quality improved during India lockdown, study shows Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:18 AM PDT Research has shown the first COVID-19 lockdown in India led to an improvement in air quality and a reduction in land surface temperature in major urban areas across the country. |
| Childhood cancer discovery may stop tumor spread before it starts Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:18 AM PDT A new discovery in Ewing sarcoma, an aggressive and often fatal childhood cancer, has uncovered the potential to prevent cancer cells from spreading beyond their primary tumour site. Researchers have learned that Ewing sarcoma cells -- and likely other types of cancer cells -- are able to develop a shield that protects them from the harsh environment of the bloodstream and other locations as they search for a new place to settle, or metastasize. |
| Head injury and concussion in toddlers: Early detection of symptoms is vital Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:18 AM PDT Concussions can have serious consequences for toddlers. A research team has developed a tool to detect them in children who do not yet speak or have a limited vocabulary. |
| 'Electronic nose' accurately sniffs out hard-to-detect cancers Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:17 AM PDT An odor-based test that sniffs out vapors emanating from blood samples was able to distinguish between benign and pancreatic and ovarian cancer cells with up to 95% accuracy. |
| Protecting the intellectual abilities of people at risk for psychosis Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:17 AM PDT Psychotic disorders comes with a progressive decline in IQ. If current drug treatments are successful in containing psychotic symptoms, nothing can be done to prevent the deterioration of intellectual skills that leads to loss of autonomy. Researchers have discovered that prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in late childhood can reduce the deterioration of intellectual abilities and have a neuroprotective effect on some of the brain regions affected by the psychotic illness. |
| ALS development could be triggered by loss of network connections in the spinal cord Posted: 01 Jun 2021 09:17 AM PDT The network connection between nerve cells in the spinal cord seems to play a critical role in the development of the severe disease ALS, a new study suggests. The study, which is based on a mouse model, may change the way we think about the disease, says researchers. |
| Scientists say active early learning shapes the adult brain Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:07 AM PDT Through the Abecedarian Project, an early education, randomized controlled trial that has followed children since 1971, researchers have discovered an enhanced learning environment during the first five years of life shapes the brain in ways that are apparent four decades later. |
| Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:07 AM PDT The average IQ of adults who were born very preterm (VP) or at a very low birth weight (VLBW) has been compared to adults born full term. Researchers have found VP/VLBW children may require special support in their education to boost their learning throughout childhood. |
| Infection with human papillomavirus linked to higher risk of preterm birth Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:07 AM PDT Women carrying human papillomavirus (HPV) run an elevated risk of preterm birth, a new study shows. A connection can thus be seen between the virus itself and the risk for preterm birth that previously has been observed in pregnant women who have undergone treatment for abnormal cell changes due to HPV. |
| Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:07 AM PDT Researchers report how high-speed atomic force microscopy can be used for studying DNA wrapping processes. The technique enables visualizing the dynamics of DNA-protein interactions, which in certain cases resembles the motion of inchworms. |
| Overweight or obesity worsens liver-damaging effects of alcohol Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:07 AM PDT The largest study of its kind has found people in the overweight or obese range who drink alcohol are at greater risk of liver disease and mortality. |
| Memory, learning and decision-making studied in worms Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:06 AM PDT As anyone who has ever procrastinated knows, remembering that you need to do something and acting on that knowledge are two different things. To understand how memory can lead to different behaviors, researchers studied the simpler nervous system of worms. The discovery used a 'robot microscope,' which detects and tracks fluorescent light as a worm crawls around, meaning researchers can record videos of chemical signals traveling between individual neurons in awake, unrestrained animals. |
| Seeds of economic health disparities found in subsistence society Posted: 01 Jun 2021 07:06 AM PDT The Tsimane subsistence communities living on the edge of the Bolivian Amazon have less inequality but also fewer chronic health problems linked to the economic disparity of industrialized Western societies. Researchers tracked 13 different health variables across 40 Tsimane communities, analyzing them against individual's wealth and each community's degree of inequality. While some have theorized that inequality's health impacts are universal, researchers found only two robustly associated outcomes: higher blood pressure and respiratory disease. |
| Diabetes remission diet also lowers blood pressure and reduces need for medication Posted: 31 May 2021 03:04 PM PDT New research published in Diabetologia has shown that if people achieve and maintain substantial weight loss to manage their type 2 diabetes, many can also effectively control their high blood pressure and stop or cut down on their anti-hypertensive medication. |
| Overconfidence in news judgement and false news susceptibility Posted: 31 May 2021 12:32 PM PDT Individuals who falsely believe they are able to identify false news are more likely to fall victim to it. |
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