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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| 'Missing self' contributes to organ rejection after transplantation Posted: 22 Jul 2021 02:12 PM PDT After kidney transplantation, natural killer cells of the recipient become active because they miss 'self' proteins on donor cells. These cells contribute to organ rejection, in addition to traditional modes of rejection involving T cells and antibodies. |
| 'Good cholesterol' may protect liver Posted: 22 Jul 2021 02:12 PM PDT The body's so-called good cholesterol may be even better than we realize. New research suggests that one type of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has a previously unknown role in protecting the liver from injury. This HDL protects the liver by blocking inflammatory signals produced by common gut bacteria. |
| Young workers now value respect over 'fun' perks in the workplace Posted: 22 Jul 2021 01:30 PM PDT Millennials, often referred to as the 'job-hopping generation,' represent a group of young workers who once grabbed the national spotlight with their publicized demands for 'fun' work perks, such as happy hours. However, researchers have discovered today's young workers -- ages 21-34 -- represent a life-stage shift toward placing more value on having respectful communication in the workplace over trendy work perks. |
| AI built to find anti-aging chemical compounds Posted: 22 Jul 2021 01:30 PM PDT Scientists have built an artificial intelligence (AI) model that identifies chemical compounds that promote healthy aging - paving the way towards pharmaceutical innovations that extend a person's lifespan. |
| Investigational magnetic device shrinks glioblastoma in human test Posted: 22 Jul 2021 01:30 PM PDT Researchers shrunk a deadly glioblastoma tumor by more than a third using a helmet generating a noninvasive oscillating magnetic field that the patient wore on his head while administering the therapy in his own home. The 53-year-old patient died from an unrelated injury about a month into the treatment, but during that short time, 31% of the tumor mass disappeared. The autopsy of his brain confirmed the rapid response to the treatment. |
| Soft skin patch could provide early warning for strokes, heart attacks Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:52 AM PDT Engineers developed a soft, stretchy ultrasound patch that can be worn on the skin to monitor blood flow through vessels deep inside the body. Such a device can make it easier to detect cardiovascular problems, like blockages in the arteries that could lead to strokes or heart attacks. |
| Eyes wide shut: How newborn mammals dream the world they're entering Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:20 AM PDT As a newborn mammal opens its eyes for the first time, it can already make visual sense of the world around it. But how does this happen before they have experienced sight? |
| Researchers develop tool to drastically speed up the study of enzymes Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:20 AM PDT A new tool that enables thousands of tiny experiments to run simultaneously on a single polymer chip will let scientists study enzymes faster and more comprehensively than ever before. |
| New study provides clues to decades-old mystery about cell movement Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:20 AM PDT A new study shows that the stiffness of protein fibers in tissues, like collagen, are a key component in controlling the movement of cells. The groundbreaking discovery provides the first proof of a theory from the early 1980s and could have a major impact on fields that study cell movement from regenerative medicine to cancer research. |
| Less-sensitive COVID-19 tests may still achieve optimal results if enough people tested, study finds Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:19 AM PDT A computational analysis of COVID-19 tests suggests that, in order to minimize the number of infections in a population, the amount of testing matters more than the sensitivity of the tests that are used. |
| Global warming may limit spread of dengue fever, new research finds Posted: 22 Jul 2021 11:19 AM PDT Infection with dengue virus makes mosquitoes more sensitive to warmer temperatures, according to new research. The team also found that infection with the bacterium Wolbachia, which has recently been used to control viral infections in mosquitoes, also increases the thermal sensitivity of the insects. The findings suggest that global warming could limit the spread of dengue fever but could also limit the effectiveness of Wolbachia as a biological control agent. |
| Cell-analysis technique could combat tuberculosis Posted: 22 Jul 2021 10:13 AM PDT Researchers have developed a way to analyze how individual immune cells react to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. It could pave the way for new vaccine strategies and provide insights into fighting other infectious diseases. |
| Pathogens get comfy in designer goo Posted: 22 Jul 2021 10:13 AM PDT New hydrogels mimic intestines when lined with epithelial cells. A study demonstrated hydrogels in various stiffnesses are valuable for learning the dynamics of pathogens that cause diarrhea and other intestinal diseases. |
| Excess coffee: A bitter brew for brain health Posted: 22 Jul 2021 09:06 AM PDT It's a favourite first-order for the day, but while a quick coffee may perk us up, new research shows that too much could be dragging us down, especially when it comes to brain health. |
| Personalized immunotherapy: Rapid screening of therapeutic combinations Posted: 22 Jul 2021 09:06 AM PDT An innovative testing platform that more closely mimics what cancer encounters in the body may allow for more precise, personalized therapies by enabling the rapid study of multiple therapeutic combinations against tumor cells. The platform uses a three-dimensional environment to more closely mirror a tumor microenvironment. |
| Unlocking genetic clues behind aortic aneurysm Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:31 AM PDT After examining nearly the entire human genome for genetic changes that increase risk of aneurysm, researchers discovered a new change in the genetic code of a transcription factor. |
| New approach eradicates breast cancer in mice Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT A new approach to treating breast cancer kills 95 to 100 percent of cancer cells in mouse models of human estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers and their metastases in bone, brain, liver and lungs. The newly developed drug, called ErSO, quickly shrinks even large tumors to undetectable levels. |
| Scientists reverse age-related memory loss in mice Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Scientists have successfully reversed age-related memory loss in mice and say their discovery could lead to the development of treatments to prevent memory loss in people as they age. |
| Parkinson's disease: How lysosomes become a hub for the propagation of the pathology Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Over the last few decades, neurodegenerative diseases became one of the top 10 global causes of death. Researchers worldwide are making a strong effort to understand neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis, which is essential to develop efficient treatments against these incurable diseases. A team of researchers found out the implication of lysosomes in the spread of Parkinson's disease. |
| Artificial intelligence models to analyze cancer images take shortcuts that introduce bias Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT A new study shows that deep learning models trained on large sets of cancer genetic and tissue histology data can easily identify the institution that submitted the images. |
| Scientists provide new insight on how to stop transcription of cancer cells Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Findings could help pave the way for cancer therapies that target TAF12, potentially stopping transcription in cancer cells and helping decrease the growth of cancerous tumors. |
| Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Geneticists have discovered how a specific genetic mutation (H3K27M) causes a devastating, incurable childhood cancer, known as diffuse midline glioma (DMG), and -- in lab studies working with model cell types -- successfully reverse its effects to slow cancer cell growth with a targeted drug. Their landmark work translates crucial new understanding of the genetics of DMG progression into a highly promising, targeted therapeutic approach and offers significant hope of improved treatments in the future. |
| Scientists discover gene therapy provides neuroprotection to prevent glaucoma vision loss Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT A form of gene therapy protects optic nerve cells and preserves vision in mouse models of glaucoma, according to new research. The findings suggest a way forward for developing neuroprotective therapies for glaucoma, a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. |
| Untwisting DNA reveals new force that shapes genomes Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Advances in microscopy reveal how the human genome organises itself in three-dimensional space at much higher resolution than previously possible. A new study finds that transcription generates a force that moves across DNA strands like ripples through water. The discovery may have future implications for the understanding of genetic diseases such as Cornelia de Lange syndrome, developmental disorders linked to chromatin folding, and open new avenues of research in genome fragility and cancer development. |
| Higher levels of omega-3 acids in the blood increases life expectancy by almost five years Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:30 AM PDT Researchers have found that omega-3 levels in blood erythrocytes are very good mortality risk predictors. The study used data from a long-term study group, the Framingham Offspring Cohort, which has been monitoring residents of this Massachusetts town, in the United States, since 1971 and concludes that, 'Having higher levels of these acids in the blood, as a result of regularly including oily fish in the diet, increases life expectancy by almost five years.' |
| Wearable devices can reduce collision risk in blind and visually impaired people Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT A new randomized controlled trial shows wearing a vibrating collision device can reduce collisions in people who are blind and visually impaired, adding a potential new tool that can be used by these populations in addition to a long cane, to ensure independent travel safety. |
| Antibiotics may help to treat melanoma Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT Some antibiotics appear to be effective against a form of skin cancer known as melanoma. Researchers examined the effect of these antibiotics on patient-derived tumors in mice. |
| Professional rugby may be associated with changes in brain structure, study finds Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT Participation in elite adult rugby may be associated with changes in brain structure, according to a new study. |
| Mobility restrictions can have unexpected impacts on air quality Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT Reduced mobility induced by the COVID-19 restrictions had only minor influence on particulate pollution levels, according to atmosphere studies in the Po Valley region of northern Italy. Eventually computer simulations indicated that the change in air quality led to an increase in secondary aerosol formation. |
| Structural biology provides long-sought solution to innate immunity puzzle Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT Researchers report the first structural confirmation that endogenous -- or self-made -- molecules can set off innate immunity in mammals via a pair of immune cell proteins called the TLR4-MD-2 receptor complex. The work has wide-ranging implications for finding ways to treat and possibly prevent autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and antiphospholipid syndrome. |
| 3D imaging reveals neural 'vicious cycle' in fatty liver disease Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT With the application of a novel three-dimensional imaging technology, researchers have discovered that one portion of the autonomic nervous system in the liver undergoes severe degeneration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study, which is conducted in mice and human liver tissue, shows that the degeneration of nerves is correlated with the severity of liver pathology. |
| Scientists develop tougher, safer bicycle helmets using new plastic material Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT Researchers have developed a tougher, safer bicycle helmet using a combination of materials. The new helmet prototype has higher energy absorption, reducing the amount of energy transferred to a cyclist's head in the event of an accident and likely lowering the chances of serious injury. |
| Gamma-secretase 'buckles up' to reach its destination Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:29 AM PDT New research has uncovered the early assembly of gamma-secretase, a protein complex linked to numerous cellular processes including the development of Alzheimer's disease. In a first step, two dimeric subcomplexes are formed, which independently exit the ER and only afterwards assemble into a four-subunit complex. This 'buckle up' mechanism is thought to prevent premature assembly and activity. |
| Llama 'nanobodies' could hold key to preventing deadly post-transplant infection Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:28 AM PDT Scientists have developed a 'nanobody' - a small fragment of a llama antibody - that is capable of chasing out human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as it hides away from the immune system. This then enables immune cells to seek out and destroy this potentially deadly virus. |
| Researchers automate brain MRI image labeling, more than 100,000 exams labelled in under 30 minutes Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:28 AM PDT Researchers have automated brain MRI image labeling, needed to teach machine learning image recognition models, by deriving important labels from radiology reports and accurately assigning them to the corresponding MRI examinations. Now, more than 100,00 MRI examinations can be labeled in less than half an hour. |
| Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:28 AM PDT Researchers reported the development of a transferrable and integrative type I CRISPR-based platform that can efficiently edit the diverse clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a superbug capable of infecting various tissues and organs and a major source of nosocomial infections. The technique can accelerate the identification of resistance determinants of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the development of novel anti-resistance strategies. |
| Informing policy for long-term global food security Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:28 AM PDT More than 820 million people in the world don't have enough to eat, while climate change and increasing competition for land and water are further raising concerns about the future balance between food demand and supply. The results of a new study can be used to benchmark global food security projections and inform policy analysis and public debate on the future of food. |
| MRI, clear cell likelihood score correlate with renal mass growth rate Posted: 22 Jul 2021 08:24 AM PDT The standardized non-invasive clear cell likelihood score (ccLS) -- derived from MRI -- correlates with the growth rate of small renal masses (cT1a, |
| Study finds calcium precisely directs blood flow in the brain Posted: 21 Jul 2021 04:01 PM PDT Researchers have shown how the brain communicates to blood vessels when in need of energy, and how these blood vessels respond by relaxing or constricting to direct blood flow to specific brain regions. |
| Evidence of sustained benefits of pimavanserin for dementia-related psychosis Posted: 21 Jul 2021 02:27 PM PDT Researchers have published evidence of the sustained benefits of an investigational antipsychotic treatment for people with dementia-related psychosis. |
| Dynamic heart model mimics hemodynamic loads, advances engineered heart tissue technology Posted: 21 Jul 2021 02:27 PM PDT A new model mimics physiologic loads on engineering heart muscle tissues, yielding an unprecedented view of how genetics and mechanical forces contribute to heart muscle function. |
| Exoskeletons have a problem: They can strain the brain Posted: 21 Jul 2021 02:26 PM PDT Exoskeletons - wearable devices used by workers on assembly lines or in warehouses to alleviate stress on their lower backs - may compete with valuable resources in the brain while people work, canceling out the physical benefits of wearing them, a new study suggests. |
| Lifting advice doesn't stand up for everyone, study finds Posted: 21 Jul 2021 11:20 AM PDT Commonly accepted advice to keep a straight back and squat while lifting in order to avoid back pain has been challenged by new research. The research examined people who had regularly performed manual lifting through their occupation for more than five years and found those who experienced low back pain as a result were more likely to use the recommended technique of squatting and keeping a straight back, while those without back pain tended not to adhere to the recommended lifting advice. |
| Cell couriers deliver clue to cancer metastasis Posted: 21 Jul 2021 07:24 AM PDT A protein involved in making cells move offers a clue to how certain types of cancer metastasize and develop into secondary tumours, according to new research. |
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