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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Why sugary drink taxes aren’t effective -- and how to change that Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:04 PM PDT Several U.S. cities have instituted taxes on drinks with added sugar in order to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fatal flaw. The study found that sugary drink taxes only reduce purchasing if price tags at stores mention that consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink. |
| One and done: Researchers urge testing eyewitness memory only once Posted: 03 Nov 2021 03:12 PM PDT Psychological scientists and criminologists say our system of jurisprudence needs a simple no-cost reform -- switch to testing eyewitnesses for their memory of suspects only once. |
| It takes cellular teamwork to heal the intestine Posted: 03 Nov 2021 03:12 PM PDT A meticulous single-cell analytical approach to study the repair process of rotavirus-caused injury in an animal model revealed that the damaged epithelium contains a variety of cell types involved in repairing it through broad coordinated responses that ultimately heal the damaged tissue. |
| Closer look at unexamined interactions could improve drug purification process Posted: 03 Nov 2021 12:51 PM PDT Research explores the fundamentals of how different molecules interact with various surfaces during the purification process. |
| Study links gene to cognitive resilience in the elderly Posted: 03 Nov 2021 12:08 PM PDT Researchers have discovered that environmental enrichment appears to activate a protein called MEF2, which controls a genetic program in the brain that promotes resilience to cognitive decline. |
| Combining two ‘old therapies’ packs a powerful punch against pediatric brain tumors Posted: 03 Nov 2021 12:03 PM PDT Copper has been clinically improving the lives of people since about 1500 BCE, when an Egyptian physician first recorded its use as a treatment for inflammation. Some 35 centuries later, researchers have provided solid evidence that the first metal used medicinally may now have a new role -- helping save children from a devastating central nervous system cancer known as medulloblastoma. |
| Can eating alone be bad for your heart? Posted: 03 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT As women age, their risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) exceeds men's largely because of decreased levels of estrogen that regulate vascular function. As a result, much research is focused on various risk factors. A new study suggests that eating alone may contribute to an increased risk of heart disease in older women. |
| Machine learning model uses clinical and genomic data to predict immunotherapy effectiveness Posted: 03 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT A new machine learning model accurately predicts whether immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), a growing class of immunotherapy drugs, will be effective in patients diagnosed with a wide variety of cancers. The forecasting tool assesses multiple patient-specific biological and clinical factors to predict the degree of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors and survival outcomes. It markedly outperforms individual biomarkers or other combinations of variables developed so far, according to new findings. |
| Bilingualism comes naturally to our brains Posted: 03 Nov 2021 11:01 AM PDT The brain uses a shared mechanism for combining words from a single language and for combining words from two different languages, a team of neuroscientists has discovered. Its findings indicate that language switching is natural for those who are bilingual because the brain has a mechanism that does not detect that the language has switched, allowing for a seamless transition in comprehending more than one language at once. |
| Protein in the brain uses energy status to influence maturation, body size Posted: 03 Nov 2021 11:00 AM PDT Scientists have identified how a protein in the brain uses information about the body's energy balance to regulate growth rate and the onset of puberty in children. |
| Researchers identify molecule that blocks immune cells from entering and killing breast tumors Posted: 03 Nov 2021 11:00 AM PDT Researchers have identified a key molecule in certain kinds of breast cancers that prevent immune cells from entering tumors and killing the cancer cells inside. This research could pave the way toward a new treatment for certain kinds of aggressive breast cancer. |
| Researchers develop a new class of CAR-T cells that target previously untargetable cancer drivers Posted: 03 Nov 2021 10:58 AM PDT In a breakthrough for the treatment of aggressive solid cancers, researchers have developed a novel cancer therapy that targets proteins inside cancer cells that are essential for tumor growth and survival but have been historically impossible to reach. Using the power of large data sets and advanced computational approaches, the researchers were able to identify peptides that are presented on the surface of tumor cells and can be targeted with 'peptide-centric' chimeric antigen receptors (PC-CARs), a new class of engineered T cells, stimulating an immune response that eradicates tumors. |
| Collection of gait analysis data of healthy individuals Posted: 03 Nov 2021 08:54 AM PDT Gait disorders manifest themselves in various ways. In many cases, pathological gait patterns are actually accompanying effects or can even be symptomatic of an underlying disease. For this reason, biomechanical gait analysis can be a helpful tool when it comes to diagnosing problems and subsequently treating them. A sports scientist has now presented the Gutenberg Gait Database, a large publicly accessible database providing a reference set of data to be used for the diagnosis and treatment of gait disorders. |
| Brain reveals the risk for developing obesity Posted: 03 Nov 2021 08:54 AM PDT Obesity risk factors of family background are associated with changes in the brain function, finds a new study. The results show that the function of neural networks regulating satiety and appetite is altered already before a person develops obesity. |
| Novel drug liberates tumor vessels to aid cancer drug delivery Posted: 03 Nov 2021 08:54 AM PDT A therapeutic antibody has been shown to unblock and normalize blood vessels inside cancerous tumors, enabling the more effective delivery of targeted cancer treatments. |
| When building rapport, sometimes less is more Posted: 03 Nov 2021 08:54 AM PDT Sometimes less is more, at least when it comes to building rapport during interviews. That's according to new research which reveals that verbal interviewing techniques have a greater impact than nonverbal techniques -- and combining the two had a detrimental effect. |
| Our brains may think two steps ahead when trying to sway others Posted: 03 Nov 2021 08:54 AM PDT In an effort to understand how a sense of control over others may influence the brain's decision-making processes, researchers have tested the ability of healthy human subjects to play a bargaining game. For the first time, they found that people used "forward thinking" when trying to sway others. Forward thinking happened regardless of whether the subjects could actually influence others and appeared to be driven by neural activity in a well-known decision-making center of the brain. |
| Insomnia may be a risk factor for highly fatal brain aneurysm rupture Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:26 AM PDT Researchers identified insomnia as a potential risk factor for brain aneurysm, also called an intracranial aneurysm, and a type of stroke called an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Smoking and high blood pressure, which are identified stroke risk factors, were also associated with increased risk for brain aneurysm. According to researchers, the finding that insomnia may be a potential risk factor for intracranial aneurysm is new and calls for additional research. |
| Harnessing Thor’s Hammer: How forensic science is unlocking the mysteries of fatal lightning strikes Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:26 AM PDT New research could help forensic teams understand whether people or animals were the victims of fatal lightning strikes, based solely upon an analysis of their skeletons. |
| Test determines antibiotic resistance in less than 90 minutes Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:26 AM PDT A technique that measures the metabolic activity of bacteria with an electric probe can identify antibiotic resistance in less than 90 minutes, a dramatic improvement from the one to two days required by current techniques. |
| Lithium imaging method could shine new light on bipolar disorder, treatment Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:26 AM PDT Since 1949, lithium has been a mainstay for treating bipolar disorder (BD), a mental health condition marked by extreme mood swings. But scientists still don't have a clear understanding of how the drug works, or why some patients respond better than others. Now, researchers have developed a method for imaging lithium in living cells, allowing them to discover that neurons from BD patients accumulate higher levels of lithium than healthy controls. |
| Three ways to reduce the carbon footprint of food purchased by US households Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:26 AM PDT Most consumers want to make food purchases that are smart for their wallets, their health and the environment. And while switching to a vegetarian or vegan diet can lower one's impact on greenhouse gas emissions, it may not be realistic or healthful for everyone. Now, researchers report three ways that Americans can reduce the carbon footprint of their food purchases, without requiring drastic dietary changes. |
| Inflammatory cytokine levels may predict outcomes in orthopedic trauma patients Posted: 03 Nov 2021 05:25 AM PDT Inflammatory cytokines are molecules that are secreted by immune cells to promote inflammation. A study found that measuring inflammatory cytokines may help predict patient outcomes after traumatic injury, which is the leading cause of mortality in individuals under 50 years of age. |
| Lung capacity tests found to be accurate precursor of co-morbidities Posted: 02 Nov 2021 06:01 PM PDT One of the largest studies to investigate whether Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm), an understudied low lung function state, is an early predictor of co-morbidities has found it is strongly associated with an increased risk of death. The analysis evaluated results of lung spirometry tests in over 350,000 UK adults and followed them up over 12 years. |
| Prostate cancer urine test identifies good prognosis patients Posted: 02 Nov 2021 06:01 PM PDT Researchers have shown that a prostate cancer urine test can identify men at 'intermediate risk' who can safely avoid immediate treatment and benefit from 'active surveillance' instead. Previously, the team's Prostate Urine Risk (PUR) test could identify men with high and low risk cancers. But thanks to some fine-tuning, it can now help men with intermediate-risk disease - for whom treatment options had been less clear. |
| Deep brain stimulation surgery for treatment-resistant depression: Brain rhythm changes fast Posted: 02 Nov 2021 06:01 PM PDT Findings provide a putative physiological biomarker of brain state changes that can predict early antidepressant effects. |
| Forest fires linked to low birth weight in newborns Posted: 02 Nov 2021 11:07 AM PDT Women exposed to smoke from landscape fires during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to babies with low or very low birth weights, according to new findings. |
| A commonly found parasite could treat certain types of cancer, say scientists Posted: 02 Nov 2021 11:06 AM PDT Scientists have discovered that a deadly parasite, known to cause ill health in pregnant women and immunocompromised patients, could potentially be used to treat various types of tumors. |
| One in 20 achieve remission from type 2 diabetes, Scottish study finds Posted: 02 Nov 2021 11:06 AM PDT Around one in 20 people in Scotland diagnosed with type 2 diabetes achieve remission from the disease, according to new research. This suggests people are achieving remission outside of research trials and without bariatric surgery. |
| Drinking alcohol to stay healthy? That might not work, says new study Posted: 02 Nov 2021 11:06 AM PDT Increased mortality risk among current alcohol abstainers might largely be explained by other factors, including previous alcohol or drug problems, daily smoking, and overall poor health, according to a new study. |
| Lack of sleep affecting students’ mental health especially women Posted: 02 Nov 2021 08:11 AM PDT More than two thirds (65.5%) of students are experiencing poor sleep quality and this is linked to mental health problems, new research suggests. |
| Abnormal brain changes over time with bipolar disorder Posted: 02 Nov 2021 06:34 AM PDT Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized by fluctuating periods of depression and mania. Researchers have long suspected that BD may be accompanied by abnormal structural and functional changes in the brain. Small cross-sectional brain imaging studies of people with BD have shown hints at those changes, but the ability to interpret data collected at a single timepoint is limited. Now, a multi-center longitudinal study shows aberrant changes over time in the brains of people with BD. Some changes were specifically associated with more episodes of mania. |
| Cellular quality-control system identified as a culprit in coronavirus infection Posted: 01 Nov 2021 02:11 PM PDT The unfolded protein response plays a key role in how Middle East Respiratory Syndrome damages the lungs. MERS is much less common but much lethal than COVID-19, which is also caused by a coronavirus. |
| Posted: 01 Nov 2021 11:14 AM PDT A new study of nearly 250,000 children in Ontario over seven years found a mother's weight before pregnancy may impact their newborn's risk of developing allergic diseases in early childhood, whereas weight gain during pregnancy did not seem to have the same effect. |
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