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| Only alcohol -- not caffeine, diet or lack of sleep -- might trigger heart rhythm condition Posted: 24 Nov 2021 12:41 PM PST New research that tested possible triggers of a common heart condition, including caffeine, sleep deprivation and sleeping on the left side, found that only alcohol use was consistently associated with more episodes of the heart arrhythmia. |
| Morning exposure to deep red light improves declining eyesight Posted: 24 Nov 2021 12:41 PM PST Just three minutes of exposure to deep red light once a week, when delivered in the morning, can significantly improve declining eyesight, finds a pioneering new study. |
| How eating less in early life could help with reproduction later on Posted: 23 Nov 2021 05:09 PM PST New research shows how switching from a restricted diet to eating as much as you like could be beneficial for reproduction in later life. Researchers studied the eating and mating habits of the small fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. They found that those that switched from a restricted diet to unlimited food, started mating and reproducing more. |
| Latte lovers rejoice! Study reveals drinking coffee could lower the risk of Alzheimer’s disease Posted: 23 Nov 2021 10:14 AM PST Good news for those of us who can't face the day without their morning flat white: a long-term study has revealed drinking higher amounts of coffee may make you less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. |
| Prehistoric mums may have cared for kids better than we thought Posted: 23 Nov 2021 10:14 AM PST A new study has revealed the death rate of babies in ancient societies is not a reflection of poor healthcare, disease and other factors, but instead is an indication of the number of babies born in that era. |
| Can we perceive gender from children's voices? Posted: 23 Nov 2021 10:13 AM PST Researchers report developing a database of speech samples from children ages 5 to 18 to explore two questions: What types of changes occur in children's voices as they become adults, and how do listeners adjust to the enormous variability in acoustic patterns across speakers? When they presented listeners with both syllables and sentences from different speakers, gender identification improved for sentences. They said this supports the stylistic elements of speech that highlight gender differences and come across better in sentences. |
| How people understand other people Posted: 22 Nov 2021 10:54 AM PST To successfully cooperate or compete with other people in everyday life, it is important to know what the other person thinks, feels, or wants. Researchers have explored which strategies people use to understand other people. |
| Tracing mechanisms of large exon splicing during vertebrate evolution Posted: 20 Nov 2021 08:44 AM PST In vertebrates, large exons often skip splicing events and are evolutionarily conserved. Scientists from Nagoya University, Japan, have recently identified the mechanism behind regulated splicing of large constitutive exons which are rich in disordered regions, and their potential involvement in the assembly of transcription factors. They also explained how dual-regulation by two distinct groups of splicing factors ensures phase-separation of large exon-containing transcription factors. |
| A stealthy way to combat tumors Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:56 PM PST Researchers uncovered a new way to indirectly activate T cells that can target tumors, by recruiting a population of helper immune cells called dendritic cells. |
| Delta-like SARS-CoV-2 variants are most likely to increase pandemic severity Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:56 PM PST Mathematical model indicates SARS-CoV-2 variants that combine enhanced transmissibility with the ability to escape immunity cause more infections than variants with either trait alone. Understanding which type of variants are most likely to increase infections and pandemic severity could help researchers and public health officials interpret the significance of novel and existing variants and design tailored public health responses for various scenarios based on a variant's characteristics. In the case of Delta-like variants, vaccination is predicted to be highly beneficial because vaccinations would prevent a greater number of cases that a more transmissible virus would potentially cause, and because the milder nature of breakthrough infections should substantially reduce overall mortality. |
| New link between diet, intestinal stem cells and disease discovered Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:56 PM PST Obesity, diabetes and gastrointestinal cancer are frequently linked to an unhealthy diet. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for this are not fully understood. Researchers have gained some new insights that help to better understand this connection. These findings provide an important basis for the development of non-invasive therapies. |
| Unborn babies could contract COVID-19, says study, but it would be uncommon Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:56 PM PST An unborn baby could become infected with COVID-19 if their gut is exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, finds a new study. |
| Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST A plant-based antiviral has been found to be just as effective at treating all variants of the virus SARS-CoV-2, even the highly infectious Delta variant. |
| Repurposed ALS drug shows promise in mouse model of rare childhood genetic disorder Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST Riluzole, a drug approved to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a disease affecting nerve cells controlling movement, could slow the gradual loss of a particular brain cell that occurs in Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1), a rare genetic disorder affecting children and adolescents, suggests a study in mice. |
| Breaking down cancer’s defenses Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST Researchers have developed a new probiotic bacteria designed to break down solid cancer cell walls and make other therapies more effective. |
| Urbanization not always bad for food and land use diversity Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST Widely accepted myths that urbanization negatively impacts food and land use biodiversity are incorrect, according to a team of researchers who developed a framework for evaluating this intersection. |
| Age, sex and waning COVID-19 antibodies Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST Antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination peaked higher for women and younger people than men and individuals over the age of 65, respectively, but levels dropped by half within six months for everyone in a study group. |
| COVID-19 vaccine elicits weak antibody response in people taking immunosuppressant Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:55 PM PST People taking TNF inhibitors, a kind of immunosuppressive drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions, produced a weaker and shorter-lived antibody response after two doses of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine, according to a new study. A third vaccine dose drove antibody levels back up, indicating that this additional dose may provide protection as the virus's delta variant continues to spread. |
| Phages kill dystentery-causing bacteria and reduce virulence in surviving bacteria Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:54 PM PST Phages are viruses that infect bacteria and can also be used to treat human infections. However, as with antibiotics, bacteria can readily evolve resistance to phage attack, highlighting a key limitation to the use of phages as therapeutics. Now, researchers have shown that the naturally occurring phage A1-1 kills Shigella flexneri, a major cause of dysentery in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia and selects for phage-resistant mutants with reduced virulence. |
| Suffering from psoriasis? Blame this trio of proteins Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:54 PM PST About 7.5 million Americans suffer from psoriasis, an autoimmune disease that shows up as patches of red, inflamed skin and painful, scaly rashes. Although there are effective treatments for psoriasis, not everyone responds to these therapies -- and for many, the relief is temporary. Scientists have discovered how a key protein called TWEAK damages skin cells in psoriasis patients. Their findings, in mice and with human skin cells, suggest targeting TWEAK may help control the disease. |
| Cystic fibrosis faithfully modeled in a human Lung Airway Chip Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:52 PM PST Despite advances in patient screenings and breakthrough therapies that allow CF patients now to live into their mid- to late 30s or 40s, sometimes even longer, all patients are plagued by bacteria settling in their mucus, which causes inflammation in their lungs, and eventually causes their respiratory systems to fail. A major barrier to developing new and urgently needed treatments is the lack of human in vitro models that recapitulate the CF disease's pathology. |
| Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:37 PM PST New highly sensitive quantum sensors for the brain may in the future be able to identify brain diseases such as dementia, ALS and Parkinson's, by spotting a slowing in the speed at which signals travel across the brain. |
| Human Proteoform Project to map proteins in human body Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:37 PM PST Now that the Human Genome Project has officially wrapped, an international team of researchers will map the entire collection of proteins in the human body. The large undertaking will characterize known proteoforms (specific protein molecules) as well as aim to systematically discover and analyze new ones in human tissues, cells and fluids. |
| Master developmental genes play role in adulthood Posted: 18 Nov 2021 05:37 PM PST Among their many extraordinary feats, some planarian flatworms reproduce by tearing off pieces of themselves to regenerate new worms. Now, researchers have discovered that this process is controlled by Hox genes, a family of genes known to orchestrate important aspects of early development. |
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