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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| The best way to fix a sad mood: Whatever you think works best Posted: 20 Jan 2022 06:12 AM PST What's the best way to improve a sad mood? It may be whatever skill you think you're best at, a new study suggests. |
| Scientists trace the path of radioactive cesium in the ecosystem of Fukushima Posted: 20 Jan 2022 06:12 AM PST In 2011, the nuclear accident at Fukushima, Japan, resulted in the deposit of radioactive cesium (radiocesium) into habitats in the vicinity. A decade after the accident, researchers have collated the complicated dynamics of radiocesium within forest-stream ecosystems. Understanding radiocesium flow in the environment could help mitigate contamination and inform future containment strategies. |
| Aerobic fitness of elite soccer players linked to player positions Posted: 20 Jan 2022 06:12 AM PST Researchers have linked the fitness of elite soccer players to the positions they play. The ability to make this assessment can help coaches regulate individual training loads based on player position, according to a recent study. |
| Dementia: How to prevent cognitive decline Posted: 20 Jan 2022 06:11 AM PST Researchers have determined the optimal number of intervention sessions needed to prevent cognitive decline in people at risk. |
| First clinical-grade transplant of gene-edited pig kidneys into brain-dead human Posted: 20 Jan 2022 06:11 AM PST Researchers have announced the first peer-reviewed research outlining the successful transplant of genetically modified, clinical-grade pig kidneys into a brain-dead human individual, replacing the recipient's native kidneys. These positive results demonstrate how xenotransplantation could address the worldwide organ shortage crisis. |
| TV watching linked with potentially fatal blood clots Posted: 19 Jan 2022 04:43 PM PST Take breaks when binge-watching TV to avoid blood clots, say scientists. The warning comes as a study reports that watching TV for four hours a day or more is associated with a 35% higher risk of blood clots compared with fewer than 2.5 hours. |
| Haunted-house experience scares up interesting insights on the body’s reaction to threats Posted: 19 Jan 2022 04:42 PM PST Dilated pupils, sweating, and a rapid heartbeat are some of the physiological responses that people experience when faced with a threatening situation. New research used the immersive experience of a haunted house to reveal that these responses differ depending on the social context and other factors. |
| Immunotherapy before liver cancer surgery can kill tumor, and likely residual cancer cells Posted: 19 Jan 2022 04:42 PM PST Immunotherapy given before surgery caused liver cancer tumors to die off in one-third of the patients enrolled in a new clinical trial. |
| Posted: 19 Jan 2022 12:52 PM PST A team of biology researchers has found that some of the newer variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 can infect the respiratory tract of wild mice, unlike the original strain that emerged from China. |
| Review reports improved transparency in antidepressant drug trials Posted: 19 Jan 2022 11:28 AM PST New research suggests manufacturers of newly developed antidepressant drugs have become more forthcoming about clinical trials that don't pan out. While the new findings are encouraging, they still hint at a fundamental shortcoming in medicine: A reliance of studies selectively reported in scientific literature, as opposed to the unvarnished results of clinical trials reported to the Food and Drug Administration. |
| 'Decoy' protein works against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, researchers report Posted: 19 Jan 2022 11:28 AM PST A drug treatment that acts as a decoy against SARS-CoV-2 was highly effective at preventing death and lung damage in humanized animal models of severe COVID-19 disease. The study suggests that the drug has the potential to treat COVID-19 patients, including those who are infected with aggressive SARS-CoV-2 variants. |
| UK rates of nearsightedness have increased significantly over time, study finds Posted: 19 Jan 2022 11:28 AM PST Changing environmental factors as well as changing gene-environment interactions could be to blame for increasing rates of myopia, also known as nearsightedness or shortsightedness, over time, suggests a new study. |
| New sensor grids record human brain signals in record-breaking resolution Posted: 19 Jan 2022 11:27 AM PST A new array of brain sensors can record electrical signals directly from the surface of the human brain in record-breaking detail. The new brain sensors feature densely packed grids of either 1,024 or 2,048 embedded electrocorticography (ECoG) sensors. If approved for clinical use, these sensors would offer surgeons brain-signal information directly from the surface of the brain's cortex in 100 times higher resolution than what is available today. The technology could provide better guidance for planning surgeries to remove brain tumors and surgically treat drug-resistant epilepsy. |
| Posted: 19 Jan 2022 11:26 AM PST A new method identifies specific antibodies in immune responses to vaccination or infection in fraction of time needed for traditional approach. |
| For Glioma patients, a mutated gene may open the door to new treatment options Posted: 19 Jan 2022 10:50 AM PST A mutated gene affects growth of brain tumor cells in young adults, indicating sensitivity to a new treatment strategy, a team of researchers has discovered. These findings present possibilities for more effective therapies for glioma patients with this gene mutation. |
| The role of ribosomes in age-related diseases Posted: 19 Jan 2022 10:50 AM PST Research finds that the cellular assembly line that produces proteins can stall with age, triggering a snowball effect that increases the output of misfolded proteins. In humans, clumps of misfolded proteins contribute to age-linked Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. |
| Giving project teams more autonomy boosts productivity and customer satisfaction Posted: 19 Jan 2022 10:50 AM PST Software development teams given the freedom to tackle their projects in whatever ways they choose are more productive and have more satisfied customers than teams that follow a central corporate standard, according to new research. |
| Magnesium is essential for the immune system, including in the fight against cancer Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:14 AM PST The level of magnesium in the blood is an important factor in the immune system's ability to tackle pathogens and cancer cells. Researchers have reported that T cells need a sufficient quantity of magnesium in order to operate efficiently. Their findings may have important implications for cancer patients. |
| Tracking the lifespan and myriad functions of mRNA Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:14 AM PST New studies shed light on how mRNAs are born and how they regulate production of proteins inside of our cells once they reach maturity. The findings have implications not only for achieving effective doses for new vaccines, but for helping determine the biological roots of many cancers and diseases. |
| Children in Sub-Saharan Africa dying of COVID-19 at a higher rate than others, study finds Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:14 AM PST Children in sub-Saharan Africa who are hospitalized with COVID-19 are dying at a rate far greater than children in the U.S. and Europe, according to a new study. |
| Lockdown drove pollution changes between -- even within -- cities Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:14 AM PST A new modelling method allows researchers to measure levels of nitrogen dioxide on a finer scale, revealing disparities in exposure during COVID. |
| Fish study shows role of estrogens in sense of smell Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:13 AM PST Steroid estrogens play an important role as embryos develop a sense of smell, new research shows. The study, which examined zebrafish embryos, discovered a type of astrocyte glial cell that is new to science, and have been named estrogen responsive olfactory bulb (EROB) cells. |
| High protein diet may harm polar bears Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:13 AM PST A high protein diet appears linked to kidney disease and shortened lifespans for captive polar bears, a relationship similarly suspected in humans. A careful look at what zoos have fed polar bears revealed they mostly offered a diet intended for big cats, containing about 2-3 parts protein to 1-part fat, a reversal from what was observed in the wild. |
| Persistent T cell response to omicron after infection and vaccination Posted: 19 Jan 2022 09:13 AM PST The omicron variant can partly evade the antibody response provided by vaccination or infection with previous variants of SARS-CoV-2. However, T cells still recognise omicron, scientists report. |
| New tool assesses evolutionary risks of antibiotics Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:09 AM PST Countering a rising antibiotic resistance crisis, doctors now prescribe combinations of antibiotics. Yet many risks are involved with such multi-drug combinations. Scientists have developed a way to help doctors evaluate outcomes for different drug pairs and boost the odds of successful treatment. |
| Heart function recovered quickly in children with COVID-19-related MIS-C condition Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:08 AM PST Heart recovery began within the first week of diagnosis among children who developed COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), according to a new study. Children treated for MIS-C had normal heart function within three months after their first symptoms. The findings suggest children diagnosed with MIS-C may safely and gradually return to competitive sports after three months. |
| Antifreeze cream prevents frostbite injuries to skin, study suggests Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:08 AM PST Skiers, hikers, soldiers and others exposed to extreme cold temperatures can experience frostbite -- a painful injury that occurs when ice crystals form in the skin. Many extremely cold areas are also remote, and delays in frostbite treatment can result in severe wounds, scarring and even limb amputation. Now, researchers have developed a cream that prevents frostbite injuries in mice when applied to the skin 15 minutes before severe cold exposure. |
| Epilepsy research boosts case for new gene therapy for Dravet syndrome Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:08 AM PST New research suggests how a newly developed gene therapy can treat Dravet syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy, and potentially prolong survival for people with the condition. |
| 3D robotic spine 'twin' and sensor offer new way to preview surgical interventions Posted: 19 Jan 2022 06:08 AM PST Researchers created a novel 3D printed robotic replica of a human spine modified to include an artificial disc implant with a soft magnetic sensor array to enable surgeons to preview the effects of surgical interventions prior to the operation. The patient-specific model was based on a CT scan of the human spine. Results showed that the soft magnetic sensor array system had the high capability to classify five different postures of the spine with 100 percent accuracy, which can be a predictor of different problems of the spine that people experience. |
| Astrocyte studies reveal harmful changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Posted: 18 Jan 2022 05:35 PM PST Scientists have revealed harmful changes in supporting cells, called astrocytes, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). |
| COVID-19 may cause fetal inflammation even in absence of placental infection, researchers report Posted: 18 Jan 2022 01:24 PM PST Researchers have found that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, may cause fetal inflammation even in the absence of placental infection. |
| Kernel flow: A wearable device for noninvasive optical brain imaging Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:48 PM PST Most noninvasive brain scanning systems use continuous-wave fNIRS, where the tissue is irradiated by a constant stream of photons. However, these systems cannot differentiate between scattered and absorbed photons. A recent advancement to this technique is time-domain (TD)-fNIRS, which uses picosecond pulses of light and fast detectors to estimate photon scattering and absorption in tissues. However, such systems are expensive and complex and have a large form factor, limiting their widespread adoption. To overcome these challenges, researchers have developed a wearable headset based on TD-fNIRS technology. |
| Researchers pinpoint how Zika virus evades cell's antiviral response Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:48 PM PST In a new study of the Zika virus, scientists have discovered a key mechanism used by the virus to evade the antiviral response of the cell it is attacking. This finding contributes to a better understanding of how viruses infect cells, overcome immune barriers and replicate -- information that is essential for fighting them. |
| Research team identifies new mechanism for protecting DNA Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:48 PM PST Researchers have identified a new mechanism by which a protein known for repairing damaged DNA also protects the integrity of DNA by preserving its structural shape. The discovery, involving the protein 53BP1, offers insight into understanding how cells maintain the integrity of DNA in the nucleus, which is critical for preventing diseases like premature aging and cancer. |
| Guiding the treatment of critically ill patients Posted: 18 Jan 2022 12:48 PM PST New research on intravenous fluids used in intensive care shows that commonly used saline is as effective at keeping people alive and their organs functioning as more expensive balanced solutions. |
| Students with attention problems more likely to cheat Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:59 AM PST High school students who have trouble paying attention in class are more likely to admit to cheating, a new study shows. |
| Arthritis-related gene also regenerates cartilage in joints and growth plates Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:59 AM PST The IL-6 family of proteins are associated with inflammation, arthritis, autoimmune disease and even cancer. However, a new study reveals the importance of IL-6 and associated genes for maintaining and regenerating cartilage in both the joints and in the growth plates that enable skeletal growth in children. Scientists took a close look at a key gene activated by IL-6: STAT3. In both lab-grown human cells and in mice, the scientists demonstrated that STAT3 is critical for the proliferation, survival, maturation and regeneration of cartilage-forming cells in the joints and growth plates. When the gene ceased to function, cartilage-forming cells became increasingly dysfunctional over time, resulting in smaller body size, prematurely fused growth plates, underdeveloped skeletons and mildly degenerated joint cartilage. |
| Few countries offer a good place to die, researchers say Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:59 AM PST COVID-19 has shown us images of patients dying in isolation, apart from loved ones during their final moments. But even before the pandemic, harrowing deaths were all too common in most parts of the world, a new survey of end-of-life care shows. The study ranked 81 countries on how well their health systems provide for the physical and mental wellbeing of patients at the end of life. Only six countries earned an A grade. |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:59 AM PST New therapies for autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) that are designed to better regulate lipid (fat) metabolism, could significantly reduce the harmful side-effects caused by conventional treatments, finds a new large-scale review. |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:59 AM PST Researchers recruited 100 women, 73 of whom they followed from the start of the third trimester to three months postpartum. They analyzed subjective and objective measures of sleep, biological rhythms, melatonin levels, and light exposure using a variety of tools, including questionnaires, actigraphs (wearable sleep monitors), laboratory assays, and other methods. |
| Machine learning model uses blood tests to predict COVID-19 survival Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:57 AM PST A single blood sample from a critically ill COVID-19 patient can be analyzed by a machine learning model which uses blood plasma proteins to predict survival, weeks before the outcome, according to a new study. |
| Weight loss before fertility treatment may not increase births for obese women Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:56 AM PST Health care professionals often encourage women with obesity to lose weight prior to trying to conceive or start infertility treatments. But a new nationwide study found that women with obesity and unexplained infertility who lost weight prior to starting infertility treatments did not have a greater chance of having a healthy baby than those who did not lose weight prior to starting therapy. |
| Study highlights connections between addictive drugs and brain function in mice Posted: 18 Jan 2022 11:43 AM PST Researchers used high-resolution technologies to see how dopamine circuitry in mice is affected by addictive drugs. The results answered older structural questions, while raising new ones about plasticity and recovery in the brain. |
| New AI model helps discover causes of motor neurone disease Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:51 AM PST Scientists have developed a new machine learning model for the discovery of genetic risk factors for diseases such as Motor Neurone Disease (MND). |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:51 AM PST Expanding rapid testing stands out as an affordable way to help mitigate risks associated with COVID-19 and emerging variants. Infectious disease researchers have developed a new model that tailors testing recommendations to new variants and likely immunity levels in a community, offering a new strategy as public health leaders seek a way out of a pandemic that has so far thwarted the best efforts to end its spread. |
| Fear of catching COVID-19 heightened Americans' disgust sensitivity Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:51 AM PST A new study suggests that disgust sensitivity -- how intensely a person is repulsed by images, ideas or situations that could be considered really gross or merely unpleasant -- was affected by the pandemic, when concern about catching COVID increased sensitivity to disgust. |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:36 AM PST A new data portal called Cancer-Immu established by a team of biostatisticians can help cancer clinicians and researchers predict which patients will respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. With data from 3,652 samples for 16 cancer types, Cancer-Immu is the largest immune checkpoint blockade-related data portal for exploring immunogenomic connections. |
| Halting antibiotic resistance is a little less futile Posted: 18 Jan 2022 09:35 AM PST Bioscientists develop a microfluidic platform for high-throughput studies of how bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance. |
| Cerebrospinal fluid offers clues to post-COVID 'brain fog' Posted: 18 Jan 2022 08:14 AM PST Some patients who develop new cognitive symptoms after a mild bout of COVID have abnormalities in their cerebrospinal fluid similar to those found in people with other infectious diseases. The finding may provide insights into how SARS-CoV-2 impacts the brain. |
| Antibodies in blood soon after COVID-19 onset may predict severity, study finds Posted: 18 Jan 2022 08:13 AM PST A look at antibodies in patients soon after they were infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 showed key differences between those whose cases remained mild and those who later developed severe symptoms. |
| Automating blood smears for easier malaria diagnosis Posted: 18 Jan 2022 08:13 AM PST Researchers have developed devices to automate blood smears. Their devices, called autohaem smear and smear+, can consistently create high-quality smears equivalent to those created by human experts, automating the smearing process so every smear is correct and consistent. A key goal of the project was to make the devices accessible to as many people as possible, so the researchers designed their devices to be easy to build, using readily available or 3D-printed components. |
| Boosting T cells improves survival in mice with glioblastoma Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST A new study shows that treatment with an immune-boosting protein called interleukin 7 (IL-7) in combination with radiation improves survival in mice with glioblastoma. The study in mice suggests promise for a phase 1/2 clinical trial that is investigating a long-acting type of IL-7 in patients with glioblastoma. |
| Harnessing the brain's plasticity to acquire epilepsy resilience Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST Patients with epilepsy must take medicine to manage seizures. Even then, only 65% are able to control their symptoms, rendering invasive surgery the only cure. Now, a research group has investigated a new stimulation paradigm that could cultivate greater resistance to epilepsy. |
| Scientists identify therapeutic target for Epstein-Barr virus Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST A new study has identified a new potential pathway for developing therapeutics that target Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). |
| Development of fatty liver disease under a healthy diet Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST A new study identifies two genes, previously reported to be involved in cancer, as regulators of the metabolic state of the liver. Alterations in these genes influence the likelihood of developing fatty liver disease. |
| Additional antibodies may protect against COVID, study shows Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST When we talk about antibodies against COVID-19, we tend to mean the so-called neutralizing antibodies, that offer protection by blocking the virus from invading our cells. Now, a new study has revealed that non-neutralizing antibodies may also be important in providing protection against COVID. |
| New MRI technique could improve diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST It is important that multiple sclerosis (MS) is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to delay progression of the disease. The technique of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a key role in this process. A new MRI technique could pave the way to quicker assessment of disease activity in MS. |
| Epidemiologists develop advanced state-of-the-art tool for measuring the pace of aging Posted: 18 Jan 2022 07:37 AM PST Researchers developed a new blood test to measure the pace of biological aging. Based on an analysis of chemical tags on the DNA contained in white blood cells, called DNA methylation marks, the new test is named DunedinPACE (Pace of Aging Computed from the Epigenome). DunedinPACE is a new addition to a fast-growing list of DNA methylation tests designed to measure aging and contributes value-added over and above the current state of the art. |
| Respiratory viruses that hijack immune mechanisms may have Achilles' heel Posted: 18 Jan 2022 05:54 AM PST One viral protein could provide information to deter pneumonia causing the body's exaggerated inflammatory response to respiratory viruses, including the virus that causes COVID-19. That viral protein is NS2 of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), and a study has found that if the virus lacks this protein, the human body's immune response can destroy the virus before exaggerated inflammation begins. |
| Introducing lifestyle interventions in preschool lowers heart disease risk Posted: 17 Jan 2022 01:56 PM PST Implementing school-based programs aimed at teaching healthy cardiovascular health habits as early as preschool can achieve lasting lifestyle changes in children, according to a new review. |
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