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| Players needed to solve puzzles and help advance cancer research Posted: 27 Jan 2022 02:26 PM PST Scientists have just launched GENIGMA, a videogame that enlists players to solve puzzles while generating real-world scientific data that can detect alterations in genomic sequences and ultimately advance breast cancer research. The game was created to boost worldwide research efforts that depend on cancer cell lines, a critical resource used by scientists to study cancer and test new drugs to treat the disease. One of the limitations of cancer cell lines are a lack of high-resolution genome reference maps, which are necessary to help researchers interpret their scientific results. |
| Can wearable technology predict the negative consequences of drinking? Posted: 27 Jan 2022 02:26 PM PST Researchers demonstrated how wearable sensors can augment researchers' understanding of when drinking will lead to negative consequences. The researchers measured intoxication with an ankle bracelet that can detect alcohol concentration from imperceptible amounts of sweat. |
| The effects of pediatric critical illness on absenteeism Posted: 27 Jan 2022 02:26 PM PST Children who survive critical illness and their parents commonly experience physical, emotional, and cognitive conditions as a result of the critical illness. These effects can also include prolonged absences from school and/or work. What has not been fully understood is the rate and duration of school absences among these children and work absences among their caregivers. |
| Zika vaccine shows promising results in preclinical studies Posted: 27 Jan 2022 02:26 PM PST A Zika virus vaccine candidate is effective at preventing the Zika virus passing from mother to fetus in preclinical animal studies, according to a new study. |
| Altered gene expression and cell interactions involved in COPD Posted: 27 Jan 2022 02:26 PM PST A team of researchers has identified previously unrecognized changes in gene expression and cellular interactions in distinct cell populations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). |
| 'Heartburn' helps bacteria to survive antibiotic treatment Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST Even at high concentrations, antibiotics won't kill all bacteria. There are always a few survivors, even in a bacterial population that is genetically identical. Scientists have discovered that these survivors share a common feature: they accumulate acid in their cells. |
| Psychiatric disease associated with increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease and diabetes Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST Among patients with chronic, non-communicable diseases, the risk of death is more than doubled if they also have a psychiatric comorbidity, according to a new study. |
| Genetic clues link lipoprotein A to prostate cancer risk Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST A new analysis has uncovered a potential link between higher prostate cancer risk and genetic variants associated with higher bloodstream levels of the cholesterol-transporting molecule lipoprotein A. |
| Why the human brain is more vulnerable to disease Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST With the help of cerebral organoids, scientists were able to ascertain that tuberous sclerosis, a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder, arises developmentally rather than only genetically. With these patient-derived laboratory models of the human brain, they pinpointed the origin of the disease to progenitor cells specific to humans. The findings further show that the pathology of diseases affecting the human brain could only be well understood using human-derived brain organoid models. |
| Researchers identify proteins that could predict liver transplant rejection Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:16 AM PST Scientist have discovered families of proteins in the body that could potentially predict which patients may reject a new organ transplant, helping inform decisions about care. |
| 'Cell atlas' of brain vasculature connects stroke with novel immune cells Posted: 27 Jan 2022 11:15 AM PST In work that will enhance the study of such disparate diseases as stroke and dementia, researchers have catalogued all the cells that form the blood vessels of the human brain, along with their locations and the genes transcribed in each. |
| Another pandemic challenge for nurses: Sleep problems Posted: 27 Jan 2022 09:58 AM PST More than half of nurses had difficulty sleeping during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic -- and getting less sleep increased their odds of experiencing anxiety and depression, according to a new study. |
| Pancreatic cancer cells feed off hyaluronic acid Posted: 27 Jan 2022 09:01 AM PST Hyaluronic acid, or HA, is a known presence in pancreatic tumors, but a new study shows that hyaluronic acid also acts as food to the cancer cells. These findings provide insight into how pancreatic cancer cells grow and indicate new possibilities to treat them. |
| Tumors dramatically shrink with new approach to cell therapy Posted: 27 Jan 2022 08:43 AM PST Scientists have developed a new tool to harness immune cells from tumors to fight cancer rapidly and effectively. |
| Posted: 27 Jan 2022 08:43 AM PST Elderly people who live near or downwind of unconventional oil and gas development (UOGD), such as fracking, are at greater risk of premature death than those who don't live near UOGD. Airborne contaminants emitted by UOGD that are transported downwind are likely contributing to increased mortality. |
| Child masking associated with reduced COVID-19 related child care closures Posted: 27 Jan 2022 08:43 AM PST A study of 6,654 child care providers found that child masking was associated with a 13 percent to 14 percent reduced rate of program closure due to COVID-19 over the following year. |
| COVID-19 exposure possible outside of home isolation rooms Posted: 27 Jan 2022 08:43 AM PST A new study has detected tiny airborne particles containing RNA from the SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19, both inside and outside of the rooms in which infected people were self-isolating at home. This finding suggests that airborne transmission beyond the isolation rooms in homes may pose a risk of infection to other home occupants. |
| A nudge to resume economic activity Posted: 27 Jan 2022 08:43 AM PST Researchers have found that people are more likely to partake in economic activity during the COVID-19 pandemic when they know their neighbors are engaged in the same activities. |
| Light therapy fast-tracks healing of skin damage from cancer radiation therapy Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:43 AM PST Light therapy may accelerate the healing of skin damage from radiation therapy by up to 50%, according to a recent study. |
| Researchers identify osteoarthritis ‘pain pathway’ Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST Researchers have discovered that a particular molecular signaling pathway plays an important role in producing osteoarthritis (OA) pain. Using a mouse model of painful osteoarthritis, they show that blocking this signaling pathway eliminates pain and results in a return to normal limb use. This work is the first to find an association between this pathway and OA pain, and could lead to the development of new, effective pain treatments for human OA sufferers. |
| In search of (un)desired side effects Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST Pharmaceutical researchers speak of a hit when they come across a promising substance with a desired effect in early drug discovery. Unfortunately, hits are rarely bull's-eyes, often showing undesirable side effects that not only complicate the search for new hits, but also the subsequent development into a drug. A new study could now help to better identify one of the most frequently observed side effects already in early drug discovery, but also to find new bioactivities. |
| Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST Eating more meat, having less of certain bacteria in the gut, and more of certain immune cells in the blood, all link with multiple sclerosis, reports a team of researchers. The work teased out subtle connections that could lead to a better understanding of the causes of the disease. |
| Uncontrolled blood pressure is sending more people to the hospital Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST The number of people hospitalized for a hypertensive crisis -- when blood pressure increases so much it can cause a heart attack, stroke or other sudden cardiovascular event -- more than doubled from 2002 to 2014, according to investigators. |
| Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST The severity of COVID-19 pneumonia can be difficult to assess in people from different ethnic groups, due to inaccurate readings from a device that measures the level of oxygen in the blood of patients, a new study has found. |
| New drug screening method answers why Alzheimer’s drugs fail, suggests new targets Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST A new study sheds light on why Alzheimer's drugs so far have been ineffective at curing or reversing the disease. The researchers identify new targets for drug development and present a new method to screen drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease. |
| Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST A new study in mice showed that an unhealthy vaginal microbiome in pregnant mothers in combination with an unhealthy diet contributed to increased pup deaths and altered development in the surviving babies. The findings suggest that changes in a mother's diet, such as more fruits and vegetables, may counteract unhealthy microbiome effects in disadvantaged groups. |
| Even dim light before bedtime may disrupt a preschooler’s sleep Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST A new study of preschoolers finds that exposure to even very low intensities of light before bedtime can sharply reduce production of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin, interfering with sleep. It suggests that young children are highly susceptible to the physiological impacts of light at night and some kids are more sensitive than others. |
| Cause, develop pharmacological treatment for reducing retinitis pigmentosa vision loss Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:42 AM PST Researchers have discovered that the absence of Adiponectin receptor 1 protein (AdipoR1), one of the principal enzymes regulating ceramide homeostasis in the retina, leads to an accumulation of ceramides in the retina, resulting in progressive photoreceptor cell death and ultimately vision loss. The team also found that a combination of desipramine and L-cycloserine reduced lowered ceramide levels, which protected photoreceptors, helped preserve the retina's structure and function, and improved vision. |
| Rural air pollution may be as hazardous as urban, study finds Posted: 27 Jan 2022 07:41 AM PST New research shows that chemical reactivity, seasonality and distribution of airborne particulate matter are critical metrics when considering air pollution's impact on human health. Current environmental regulations focus on the mass of pollutant particles, and researchers are pushing to refocus regulatory efforts on more regional and health-relevant factors. |
| Athletes warned against potential dangers of natural supplements Posted: 26 Jan 2022 04:53 PM PST Nutritional supplements taken to boost athletic performance can pose risks to the heart, according to a recent statement. |
| Posted: 26 Jan 2022 02:06 PM PST The drugs behind the new pills to treat COVID-19 remain very effective against the omicron variant of the virus in lab tests, according to a new study. However, lab tests also showed that the available antibody therapies -- typically given intravenously in hospitals -- are substantially less effective against omicron than against earlier variants of the virus. |
| New data on COVID-19 lung transplants Posted: 26 Jan 2022 02:06 PM PST A new analysis of lung transplantations performed nationally in the U.S. shows significant help for patients with severe, irreversible lung damage from COVID-19. |
| Mix-and-match trial finds additional dose of COVID-19 vaccine safe, immunogenic Posted: 26 Jan 2022 02:06 PM PST In adults who had previously received a full regimen of any of three COVID-19 vaccines granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) or approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), an additional booster dose of any of these vaccines was safe and prompted an immune response, according to preliminary clinical trial results. |
| Ground-breaking study reveals dynamics of DNA replication ‘licensing’ Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST A new study has illuminated an important process that occurs during cell division and is a likely source of DNA damage under some circumstances, including cancer. |
| Flavonoids may reduce mortality risk for people with Parkinson’s Disease Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST People with Parkinson's Disease who eat more flavonoids -- compounds found in richly colored foods like berries, cocoa and red wine -- may have a lower mortality risk than those who don't, according to a new study. |
| Omicron genetics and early transmission patterns are characterized in new study Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 diverged from previous SARS-CoV-2 variants as a result of adaptive evolution, in which beneficial mutations are passed on to future generations through natural selection, rather than through recombination between previous variants, according to researchers. |
| Starting physical activity three days post-concussion is safe, has better outcomes, study suggests Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST Resuming non-contact physical activity 72 hours after a concussion is safe, and may also reduce symptoms and the risk of delayed recovery, suggests the first and largest real-world, randomized clinical trial on the topic to be conducted with children and youth aged 10 to 18. |
| Getting in gear: Researchers create a slow light device with high optical quality Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST Researchers have created a gear-shaped photonic crystal microring that increases the strength of light-matter interactions without sacrificing optical quality. The result is an on-chip microresonator with an optical quality factor 50 times better than the previous record in slow light devices that could improve microresonators used in a range of photonics applications, including sensing and metrology, nonlinear optics and cavity quantum electrodynamics. |
| Scientists identify promising transmission chain-breaker in the fight against malaria Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST Blocking a key protein found in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes -- the principal vector for malaria transmission to humans in Africa -- could thwart infection with malaria parasites and thus prevent them from transmitting the parasites to humans, according to a new study. |
| Change of heart? It may affect thinking and memory skills in middle age Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:55 PM PST Subtle changes in the structure and the diastolic function of a person's heart between early adulthood and middle age may be associated with a decline in thinking and memory skills. |
| Nanoparticle-formulated drug combination is effective in medulloblastoma, a pediatric brain tumor Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:42 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated that a novel combination of two drugs that act as targeted inhibitors, delivered in a nanoparticle formulation, extend the survival of mice with medulloblastoma. The research team believes this laboratory success could be translated into a less toxic treatment for medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. |
| New meta-analysis explores potential environmental causes of ALS disease Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:42 AM PST In a new meta-analysis of available ALS literature, researchers explore environmental influences potentially linked ALS disease, using rigorous quantitative methods. The study also examines the distribution of ALS over space and time, correlating geographic data with exposure risks and lifestyle or occupational hazards. |
| Farther or faster? Both improve distance running performance Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:42 AM PST A study compared two-week blocks of low-intensity training and high-intensity interval training in terms of performance and recovery. Both methods can improve endurance performance in recreational athletes after already two weeks when the training load is increased significantly from what the individual is accustomed to. |
| Physical activity protects against type 2 diabetes by modifying metabolism Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:42 AM PST Regular physical activity significantly changes the body's metabolite profile, and many of these changes are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, a new study shows. The study population included more than 7,000 men who were followed up for eight years. Men in the highest physical activity category had a 39% lower risk of type 2 diabetes than men who were physically inactive. |
| Urinary metabolic 'signatures' predict diet quality and metabolic health in European children Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:42 AM PST Researchers have identified metabolic 'signatures' in urine that can determine the quality of diets in children across Europe and predict their metabolic health. |
| Automated insulin delivery for young children with diabetes via Android app Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:41 AM PST Families with young children who have type 1 diabetes use insulin pumps that require a lot of effort to operate. Scientists have shown in a clinical trial that automated insulin delivery is safe and effective even at the age of one to seven years. |
| Robot performs first laparoscopic surgery without human help Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:39 AM PST A robot has performed laparoscopic surgery on the soft tissue of a pig without the guiding hand of a human -- a significant step in robotics toward fully automated surgery on humans. |
| Scientists develop COVID-19 testing lab in a backpack Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:39 AM PST Researchers have created a simple COVID-19 testing lab that fits into a backpack providing a cheap and effective solution for low income or remote areas. |
| Screening study IDs inhibitor of key COVID virus enzyme Posted: 26 Jan 2022 10:31 AM PST A study reports the discovery of a molecule with significant potential to disable the COVID-19 virus. The molecule was identified using high-throughput virtual screening -- a search through a library of 6.5 million in-stock compounds that could quickly be scaled up for drug production using some of the nation's most powerful supercomputers and other research tools. |
| Illuminating a biological light switch Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:25 AM PST Using an innovative new imaging technique, researchers have revealed the inner workings of a family of light-sensing molecules in unprecedented detail and speed. The work could inform new strategies in the burgeoning field of optogenetics, which uses light pulses to alter the activity of individual neurons and other cells. |
| Research reveals new links between brain over-activity and schizophrenia symptoms Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:25 AM PST New research has shown that over-activity in a specific area of the brain is linked to certain symptoms of Schizophrenia, opening up possibilities for the development of more targeted treatments. |
| Constant tinnitus is linked to altered brain activity Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST There has to date been no reliable objective method of diagnosing tinnitus. Researchers now show that brainstem audiometry can be used to measure changes in the brain in people with constant tinnitus. |
| Researchers identify a new protein that enables SARS-CoV-2 access into cells Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST Researchers have identified extracellular vimentin as an attachment factor that facilitates SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells. Vimentin is a structural protein that is widely expressed in the cells of mesenchymal origin such as endothelial cells and a potential novel target against SARS-CoV-2, which could block the infection of the SARS-CoV-2. |
| Blood markers can predict depression in pregnancy Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST Signs of inflammation in the blood reliably predict and identify severe depression in pregnancy, reports a new study. |
| Chemotherapy’s effectiveness may vary with time of day Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST New research suggests that chemotherapy could better target brain tumors in mouse models when it was administered at night instead of during the day. That's because the blood-brain barrier was more likely to allow the chemotherapy to pass through it at night. The findings highlight the importance of this area of research in humans, and one day, they could help to improve outcomes in patients with brain tumors. |
| Study now links non-mutated Apolipoprotein E to dementia in the aging brain Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST Researchers exploring dementia-related proteins in the brain identified Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) as a key misfolded protein. |
| Previously unknown aspects of running shoe design uncovered Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:22 AM PST A thick running shoe midsole is often favored for its shock absorbing protection, but it has been assumed that these heavily cushioned shoes increase leg stiffness and muscle fatigue. But results of a new study suggest that midsole thickness is unlikely to cause individuals to alter their leg stiffness. |
| How to ruin the taste of a cookie with just two words Posted: 26 Jan 2022 06:05 AM PST A rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but a chocolate chip cookie labeled 'consumer complaint' won't taste as good as the exact same product described as 'new and improved,' a new study suggests. |
| What’s good for the heart is good for the brain Posted: 26 Jan 2022 06:05 AM PST While heart disease remains the #1 cause of death worldwide, experts have noted that diseases of the brain -- especially Alzheimer's disease and dementia -- are substantially increasing, and they are often associated with many of the same risk factors that cause heart disease, including high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes and tobacco use. |
| Posted: 26 Jan 2022 06:05 AM PST Strict COVID-19 lockdown policies such as workplace closures in European cities reduced levels of air pollution and the number of associated deaths, according to new estimates. |
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