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ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
| Single test for over 50 genetic diseases will cut diagnosis from decades to days Posted: 04 Mar 2022 11:46 AM PST A single DNA test has been developed that can screen a patient's genome for over 50 genetic neurological and neuromuscular diseases such as Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophies and fragile X syndrome. The new test avoids a 'diagnostic odyssey' for patients that can take decades. The team has shown that the test is accurate. They are now working on validations to make it available in pathology labs. They expect it to be standard in global pathology labs within five years. |
| Visualizing the invisible: New fluorescent DNA label reveals nanoscopic cancer features Posted: 04 Mar 2022 11:46 AM PST Researchers have developed a new fluorescent label that gives a clearer picture of how DNA architecture is disrupted in cancer cells. The findings could improve cancer diagnoses for patients and classification of future cancer risk. |
| Changing the standard of care for stage III melanoma surgery Posted: 04 Mar 2022 09:40 AM PST For years, surgery for patients with stage III melanoma -- melanoma that has spread to the lymph nodes -- involved removing those lymph nodes along with the primary tumor. Known as completion lymph node dissection (CLND), the surgery was meant to ensure that no cancer remained after surgery. More recently, however, cancer surgeons have discovered that CLND has the potential to cause more problems than it solves. In most cases, patients do better on immunotherapy alone than they do when their surgery involves removal of the lymph nodes, due to potential complications from lymph node surgery. |
| A new study relates liquid fructose intake to fatty liver disease Posted: 04 Mar 2022 08:20 AM PST A high-fat diet is not enough to cause short-term fatty liver disease. However, if this diet is combined with the intake of beverages sweetened with liquid fructose, the accumulation of fats in the liver accelerates and hypertriglyceridemia -- a cardiovascular risk factor -- can appear, according to researchers. |
| Microneedle approach to address peanut allergy shows promise in mice Posted: 04 Mar 2022 08:20 AM PST Mice that received treatments with peanut-coated microneedles had significant increased rates of desensitization to peanut allergy compared with epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT), a new study found. The microneedle treatment success was achieved despite applying a dose of peanut protein 10-times lower than the dose delivered by EPIT. Researchers say the findings demonstrate the potential for peanut microneedles to improve food allergen immunotherapy through the skin. |
| Posted: 04 Mar 2022 07:10 AM PST Mindfulness meditation is a stress-management practice with ancient lineage that cultivates nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment, often by directing attention to the physical sensations of breathing. But there may be an unanticipated downside to secular mindfulness meditation practices, according to new research. |
| AI helped protect businesses from COVID-19 risks Posted: 04 Mar 2022 07:09 AM PST A new study has found that artificial intelligence (AI) apps helped protect small and medium-sized businesses against many of the risks that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic -- yet only a quarter of small firms currently use them. |
| New treatment to combat obesity and heart disease Posted: 04 Mar 2022 06:03 AM PST An interdisciplinary research team has successfully developed an innovative inhibitor that shows promise in fighting obesity and potentially preventing heart disease. The team developed an anti-obesity drug that blocks the effects of cytochrome P450 8B1, the enzyme linked to cholesterol absorption and obesity. |
| More alcohol, less brain: Association begins with an average of just one drink a day Posted: 04 Mar 2022 06:03 AM PST Even light-to-moderate drinking is associated with harm to the brain, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed data from more than 36,000 adults that found a link between drinking and reduced brain volume that begins at an average consumption level of less than one alcohol unit a day -- the equivalent of about half a beer -- and rises with each additional drink. |
| Henipavirus glycoprotein architecture suggests therapeutic strategies Posted: 04 Mar 2022 06:03 AM PST 3D structural findings are reported on a critical component of the Nipah virus' infection mechanism, and how antibodies home in on an important part of the machinery that attaches the virus to host cells. The results point to multipronged strategies for preventing and treating the deadly Nipah and Hendra viruses, which are carried by bats, but which have jumped species to infect other animals and people. The results of this latest research suggest a blueprint for computer-engineered, next-generation vaccine candidates, |
| Resistance exercise may be superior to aerobic exercise for getting better ZZZs Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:58 PM PST A new study found that resistance exercise may be superior to aerobic exercise as a way to get better sleep. A year-long resistance exercise program improved sleep quality, duration and other indicators of a good night's sleep more so than aerobic exercise, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, and no exercise. Researchers say interventions focused on resistance exercises may be a way to improve sleep and, in turn, cardiovascular health. |
| Researchers identify potential approaches to modify the vaginal microbiome Posted: 03 Mar 2022 04:15 PM PST Study shows that L. iners has unique nutritional requirements that distinguish it from L. crispatus, potentially allowing it to be targeted using novel therapeutic strategies. |
| Agreeableness a helpful trait for general success in life, study finds Posted: 03 Mar 2022 04:14 PM PST Agreeableness has desirable effect on hundreds of physical, psychological, occupational metrics that impact more than just job performance. |
| Brain stimulation shows promise as treatment for cannabis use disorder in people with schizophrenia Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:41 AM PST Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was associated with a reduction in self-reported cannabis use by up to 60 per cent among people with schizophrenia who have cannabis use disorder (CUD), according to a new study. |
| New research suggests a causal link between blood group and severe COVID-19 Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST A new study has analysed over 3000 proteins to identify which are causally linked to the development of severe COVID-19. This is the first study to assess such a large number of proteins for their connection to COVID-19. The findings provide insight into potential new targets for approaches to treat and prevent severe COVID-19. |
| Communication defect in psychotic disorders Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST Communication between brain areas is crucial for the brain to correctly process sensory signals and adopt an appropriate behavioural response. Yet, dysfunctions in these communication pathways could be strongly correlated with the onset of schizophrenia. For the first time, a team has succeeded in demonstrating this phenomenon in human beings. By carrying out analyses of the brain activity of children, adolescents and young adults with a genetic risk of the disease, the research team has demonstrated that a reduction in the activation of gamma waves, that are known for their role in the proper transmission of information in the brain, was correlated with the emergence of psychotic symptoms even before full-blown disorders appear. |
| Energy-harvesting wearable device made from recycled waste Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:12 AM PST Wearable devices could soon be entirely made of recycled waste materials -- and powered by human movement, thanks to a new energy-harvesting device. |
| Seeing is believing when it comes to health risk and behavior change Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:11 AM PST Using medical imaging technologies that can visualize health may discourage risk-related behaviors more than non-visual information. A new meta-analysis finds that when individuals undergo an imaging procedure and are shown visual personalized information about their own risk of disease, they may be more likely to reduce risky behaviors. |
| Lipid profiling can predict risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease decades before onset Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:11 AM PST Simultaneous measurement of dozens of types of fats in the blood ('lipidomics') can predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) years in the future, according to a new study. Such early prediction through lipidomic profiling may provide the basis for recommending diet and lifestyle interventions before disease develops. |
| Posted: 03 Mar 2022 11:11 AM PST Researchers have characterized brain activity that occurs when we are socially influenced to change our minds. The study shows how the brain distinguishes between different types of social conformity when revising one's opinions. |
| Working, studying in 'off' hours can harm motivation Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:50 AM PST Working a nontraditional schedule, and checking in at all hours of the day, night and weekends, is not necessarily beneficial for the 21st-century workforce, according to new research. |
| Vaccine and antibody treatment effectiveness blunted by all three Omicron subvariants Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:50 AM PST A new study finds that COVID vaccines and monoclonal antibody treatments offer less protection against new Omicron subvariants. |
| Time off after high school makes college less likely Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:50 AM PST Academic breaks after high school -- even those lasting just a few months -- can cause some students, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds, to forgo enrolling in college altogether, according to new research. |
| Cohorting patient care model during pandemic improved patient outcomes, researchers find Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:50 AM PST Researchers found that, during the extenuating circumstances of an emerging pandemic, grouping patients together in one area or facility was successful in providing high-quality care and containing infectious patients. |
| Researchers produce fully functional pancreatic beta cells from stem cells Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PST Insulin is a vital hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the destruction of these cells, which results in patients having to replace the lost insulin with multiple daily injections. |
| New tool reveals function of enigmatic gene sequences Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:08 AM PST While the large proportion of our genome that does not instruct our cells to form proteins has been harder to study than protein-coding genes, it has been shown to have vital physiological functions. Scientists have now developed new high-precision tools able to identify what these noncoding sequences do. The study may eventually contribute to the development of new, targeted drugs. |
| Extending the longevity of stem cells Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:07 AM PST People are having children later than ever before. The average age of new parents in the United States has been rising for at least the past half century. But time is tough on our bodies and our reproductive systems. For instance, as animals age, our stem cells are less effective at renewing our tissues. This is particularly true for germline stem cells, which turn into sperm and eggs. What if there were a way to pause this process? |
| Sense of belonging helps high school students engage with STEM Posted: 03 Mar 2022 09:07 AM PST A new study finds one key to promoting STEM education, and to making students feel capable of working on STEM subjects outside of the classroom, is to find ways to make classrooms feel more inclusive. |
| Attention! Brain scans can tell if you are paying it Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Using a model of fMRI data collected from 92 individuals performing several types of attention-related tasks, researchers successfully predicted how well those individuals would perform on the tasks based on their brain scans alone. This generalized model can also predict severity of an individual case of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. The study was published March 3 in the journal Nature Human Behavior. |
| Weighing up: What’s the bottom line when it comes to weight loss? Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST When it comes to weight loss, many of us have dabbled in the latest diets. But whether you're cutting carbs or keeping to keto, new research shows that diet trends can cost more than your waistline and leave a hefty hole in your hip pocket. |
| Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Researchers develop tool that 'audits' the results of studies that examine interplay between variables. Using this approach, researchers identify inconsistent findings in one-third of previous association studies of gut microbiome and disease. The software can help researchers check the reliability of their own findings before submitting them for publication. Association studies are critical in paving the way to further research into disease causes and mechanisms of dysfunction. |
| Nocturnal teeth grinding can damage temporomandibular joints Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Nocturnal teeth grinding and clenching of the upper and lower jaw are known as sleep bruxism and can have a number of consequences for health. In dental science, the question of whether sleep bruxism is associated with the development or progression of temporomandibular joint disorders is controversial. New research shows that certain tooth shapes and tooth locations could well lead to temporomandibular joint problems as a result of bruxism. |
| New method to produce chemically modified mRNA developed Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Chemists describe a new synthetically produced, highly modified messenger RNA that allows cells to more efficiently produce proteins. In the long term, this method could open up new therapeutic options. |
| Computer games in the classroom: Educational success depends on the teacher Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST Future teachers see educational potential in computer games, study shows. Teacher training should therefore address their potential in the classroom. |
| Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST A meta-analysis of 15 studies involving nearly 50,000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the amount of daily walking steps that will optimally improve adults' health and longevity -- and whether the number of steps is different for people of different ages. |
| Taller adults may be at increased risk for colorectal cancer Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:22 AM PST A new meta-analysis, or data examination of several independent studies, adds to evidence that taller adults may be more likely than shorter ones to develop colorectal cancer or colon polyps that can later become malignant. |
| New MRI probe can reveal more of the brain's inner workings Posted: 03 Mar 2022 08:21 AM PST Using a novel probe for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), biological engineers have devised a way to monitor individual populations of neurons and reveal how they interact with each other. |
| An oral medication shows benefits treating Type 1 diabetes for at least two years after diagnosis Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:57 AM PST Use of the drug verapamil to treat Type 1 diabetes continues to show benefits lasting at least two years, researchers report. Patients taking the oral blood pressure medication not only required less daily insulin two years after first diagnosis of the disease, but also showed evidence of surprising immunomodulatory benefits. |
| What explains our lower back pain? Anthropologists turn to Neanderthals for answers Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:57 AM PST Examining the spines of Neanderthals, an extinct human relative, may explain back-related ailments experienced by humans today, a team of anthropologists has concluded in a new comparative study. |
| Women with irregular periods may be at risk for liver disease Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:57 AM PST Women with long or irregular periods are known to have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease, but researchers found these women may also be at risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). |
| First potential immunization against RSV for healthy infants found highly effective in phase 3 trial Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST Nirsevimab showed 74.5 percent efficacy against medically attended lower respiratory tract infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in healthy infants, according to an international, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 clinical trial. It is the first potential immunization against RSV in the general infant population, with a single dose providing safe protection across the entire RSV season. |
| Bull ant evolves new way to target pain Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST Researchers found a bull ant venom component that exploits a pain pathway in mammals, which they believe evolved to stop echidnas attacking the ant's nests. |
| Evidence links e-cigarette use with increased odds of prediabetes Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST An analysis of data from a large, nationally representative survey of the US population shows that e-cigarette use is associated with increased odds of prediabetes. The findings add important evidence about the health effects of e-cigarettes and can help shape public health best practices. |
| Higher education and language skills may help ward off dementia Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment may not inevitably develop dementia and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of returning to normal. |
| Understanding genomes, piece by piece Posted: 03 Mar 2022 06:56 AM PST Genomes are made up of thousands of individual pieces -- genes -- which are expressed at different levels. Researchers have shed light on how the placement of a gene affects its expression, as well as that of its neighbors. |
| COVID-19 restrictions linked to nearly 750,000 fewer dengue cases in 2020 Posted: 02 Mar 2022 04:00 PM PST A new study shows that COVID-19 measures such as school closures and 'high-traffic and mixing' areas had the strongest association, providing clues for new intervention approaches. Nearly three quarters of a million fewer global cases of dengue occurred in 2020, which could be linked to COVID-19 disruptions limiting human mobility and contact, according to a new study. |
| Better assessment of risk from heart surgery results in better patient outcomes Posted: 02 Mar 2022 03:59 PM PST A new study assessed patients having heart surgery, measured troponin before and daily for the first few days after surgery, and assessed death and the incidence of major vascular complications -- such as heart attack, stroke or life-threatening blood clot -- after heart surgery. The study involved 15,984 adult patients with an average age just over 63 years undergoing cardiac surgery. Patients were from 12 countries, with more than a third of the countries being outside of North America and Europe. |
| Lymphatic disorder may cause stillbirth or severe, chronic disease in affected children Posted: 02 Mar 2022 12:01 PM PST Researchers have identified a genetic mutation responsible for a lymphatic disorder that may cause stillbirth or severe, chronic disease in affected children. |
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