ScienceDaily: Top News |
- Increased risk for breast cancer after childbirth may last more than 20 years
- Lifespan extension at low temperatures is genetically controlled
- Small and isolated habitat patches crucial to species survival
- Reducing variations in feeding practices and fortifying breast milk helps micro-preemies grow
- Ocean fertilization by unusual microbes extends to frigid waters of Arctic Ocean
- New study finds bias against women and girls when intellectual ability is sought
- Shape-shifting origami could help antenna systems adapt on the fly
- Rapid genetic evolution linked to lighter skin pigmentation
- Addressing research gaps could help with development of disability-inclusive workplaces
- How will the winds of climate change affect migratory birds?
- Regrowing damaged nerves hinges on shutting down key genes
- Humans may be reversing the climate clock, by 50 million years
- 'Dropout' rate for academic scientists has risen sharply in past 50 years, study finds
- Water found on asteroid, confirming Bennu as excellent mission target
- Smelling the forest not the trees: Why animals are better at sniffing complex smells
- Key cellular mechanism that triggers pneumonia in humans
- Millions of low-risk people with diabetes may be testing their blood sugar too often
- Your brain on imagination: It's a lot like reality, study shows
- Optimal blood pressure treatment for stroke patients
- Sprayable gel could help the body fight off cancer after surgery
- Some brain tumors may respond to immunotherapy
- Topological material switched off and on for the first time
- Dopamine's yin-yang personality: It's an upper and a downer
- Editing consciousness: How bereaved people control their thoughts without knowing it
- Physicist creates tiny sensors to assist in cancer detection
- Key players in the marine nitrogen cycle can utilize cyanate and urea
- Personalized medicine tool for inherited colorectal cancer syndrome
- Providers show interest in prescribing therapeutic cannabinoids
- Imaging atomic structure of important immune regulator
- Two compounds in coffee may team up to fight Parkinson's
- Solar activity research provides insight into sun's past, future
- Evidence for carbon-rich surface on Ceres
- Topological matters: Toward a new kind of transistor
- Tiny droplets of early universe matter created
- Novel laser technology for microchip-size chemical sensors
- Females prefer city frogs' tunes
- Early career choices appear to influence personality
- Unexpected impact of hurricanes on Puerto Rico's watershed
- Antenna evaluation method could help boost 5G network capacity and cut costs
- Predicting leaky heart valves with 3D printing
- A glimmer of hope for the world's coral reefs
- NASA's Voyager 2 probe enters interstellar space
- Genetic study of epilepsy points to potential new therapies
- Scientists brew lava and blow it up to better understand volcanoes
- New light on blocking Shiga and ricin toxins -- And on an iconic biological process
- How glial cells develop in the brain from neural precursor cells
- New look at Puerto Rico post-Hurricane Maria
- Cancer cells distinguished by artificial intelligence-based system
- Memory tests predict brain atrophy and Alzheimer's disease
- Scientists discover how birds and dinosaurs evolved to dazzle with colourful displays
- Hair color gene study sheds new light on roots of redheads' locks
- Plants as antifungal factories
- Ozone depletion increases Antarctic snowfall, partially mitigates ice sheet loss
- The fauna in the Antarctica is threatened by pathogens humans spread in polar latitudes
- Proteins for making tough rubber
- New insights into childhood cancer
- New method to treat life-threatening heart arrhythmias in dogs
- Life in Deep Earth totals 15 to 23 billion tons of carbon -- hundreds of times more than humans
- Tiny Australian wallaby the last living link to extinct giant kangaroos
- Nanoglue can make composites several times tougher during dynamic loading
| Increased risk for breast cancer after childbirth may last more than 20 years Posted: 10 Dec 2018 02:18 PM PST The increased risk for breast cancer that occurs after childbirth can last more than 20 years. The risk may be enhanced when a woman is older at first birth or has a family history of breast cancer, and is not mitigated by breastfeeding. |
| Lifespan extension at low temperatures is genetically controlled Posted: 10 Dec 2018 02:18 PM PST A new study indicates that lifespan extension at lower temperatures is not just a matter of turning down the thermostat: it's under active genetic control. |
| Small and isolated habitat patches crucial to species survival Posted: 10 Dec 2018 02:18 PM PST Small, local patches of habitat could be playing a much bigger role in conserving biodiversity than you think, according to new research. |
| Reducing variations in feeding practices and fortifying breast milk helps micro-preemies grow Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:51 PM PST Standardizing feeding practices, including the timing for fortifying breast milk and formula with essential elements like zinc and protein, improves growth trends for the tiniest preterm infants, according to new research. |
| Ocean fertilization by unusual microbes extends to frigid waters of Arctic Ocean Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:51 PM PST Microbes that provide natural fertilizer to the oceans by 'fixing' nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form useable by other organisms are active in the cold waters of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. |
| New study finds bias against women and girls when intellectual ability is sought Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:51 PM PST A new study finds bias against both women and girls for jobs or activities requiring intellectual ability. The research underscores the pervasiveness of gender bias, held even among females, in both adults and young children. |
| Shape-shifting origami could help antenna systems adapt on the fly Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:51 PM PST Researchers have devised a method for using an origami-based structure to create radio frequency filters that have adjustable dimensions, enabling the devices to change which signals they block throughout a large range of frequencies. |
| Rapid genetic evolution linked to lighter skin pigmentation Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:51 PM PST The gene that causes lighter skin pigmentation, SLC24A5, was introduced from eastern African to southern African populations just 2,000 years ago. Strong positive selection caused this gene to rise in frequency among some KhoeSan populations. |
| Addressing research gaps could help with development of disability-inclusive workplaces Posted: 10 Dec 2018 01:49 PM PST Filling key gaps in the research and understanding of the treatment of people with disabilities in the workplace could help improve employee success on the job and develop more disability-inclusive workplaces. |
| How will the winds of climate change affect migratory birds? Posted: 10 Dec 2018 12:18 PM PST Under future climate scenarios, changing winds may make it harder for North American birds to migrate southward in the autumn, but make it easier for them to come back north in the spring. Researchers came to this conclusion using data from 143 weather radar stations to estimate the altitude, density, and direction birds took during spring and autumn migrations over several years. |
| Regrowing damaged nerves hinges on shutting down key genes Posted: 10 Dec 2018 12:06 PM PST Neurons in the brain and spinal cord don't grow back after injury, unlike those in the rest of the body. Now, researchers have identified some of the key steps taken by nerves in the legs as they regenerate. The findings lay out a path that spinal cord neurons might be able to follow -- potentially leading to improved recovery for people paralyzed by spinal cord injuries. |
| Humans may be reversing the climate clock, by 50 million years Posted: 10 Dec 2018 12:06 PM PST Our future on Earth may also be our past. Researchers show that humans are reversing a long-term cooling trend tracing back at least 50 million years. And it's taken just two centuries. |
| 'Dropout' rate for academic scientists has risen sharply in past 50 years, study finds Posted: 10 Dec 2018 12:06 PM PST An analysis has found that half the people pursuing scientific careers at institutions of higher education will depart the field after five years -- a sharp contrast compared to 50 years ago. |
| Water found on asteroid, confirming Bennu as excellent mission target Posted: 10 Dec 2018 12:05 PM PST Spectral observations made by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft identified hydrated minerals across the asteroid, confirming that Bennu, a remnant from early in the formation of the solar system, is an excellent specimen for the OSIRIS-REx mission to study the composition of primitive volatiles and organics. |
| Smelling the forest not the trees: Why animals are better at sniffing complex smells Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:49 AM PST Animals are much better at smelling a complex 'soup' of odorants rather than a single pure ingredient, a new study has revealed. |
| Key cellular mechanism that triggers pneumonia in humans Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:49 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated that influenza virus impairs the immune response to pneumococcus, especially monocyte activity. |
| Millions of low-risk people with diabetes may be testing their blood sugar too often Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:49 AM PST For people with Type 2 diabetes, testing blood sugar levels becomes part of everyday life. But a new study suggests that some of them test more often than they need to. Fourteen percent of people with Type 2 diabetes who don't require insulin are buying enough test strips to test their blood sugar two or more times a day -- when they don't need to test nearly that frequently according to medical guidelines. |
| Your brain on imagination: It's a lot like reality, study shows Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:49 AM PST New brain imaging research shows that imagining a threat lights up similar regions as experiencing it does. It suggests imagination can be a powerful tool in overcoming phobias or post traumatic stress. |
| Optimal blood pressure treatment for stroke patients Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:20 AM PST Aggressive treatment of hypertension in stroke patients could do more harm than good in the long term, according to a new study. |
| Sprayable gel could help the body fight off cancer after surgery Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:20 AM PST A research team has developed a spray gel embedded with immune-boosting drugs that could help lower the risk of cancer recurrence after surgery. |
| Some brain tumors may respond to immunotherapy Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:20 AM PST A new study suggests that a slow-growing brain tumor arising in patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) may be vulnerable to immunotherapy, which gives the immune system a boost in fighting cancer. |
| Topological material switched off and on for the first time Posted: 10 Dec 2018 11:20 AM PST A new study represents a significant advance in topological transistors and beyond-CMOS electronics. First time that the topological state in a topological insulator has been switched on and off using an electric field. Researchers proved this is possible at room temperature, which is necessary for any viable replacement to CMOS technology in everyday applications. |
| Dopamine's yin-yang personality: It's an upper and a downer Posted: 10 Dec 2018 10:49 AM PST Dopamine has a reputation as the key player in the brain's reward circuits, making us seek out pleasurable experiences, but growing evidence points to a multipronged role for the neurotransmitter. In particular, dopamine may also reinforce avoidance of painful experiences. Researchers have now mapped dopamine neurons in the brain with fiber photometry and discovered two parallel dopamine circuits driving attractive and aversive reinforcement learning and motivation. |
| Editing consciousness: How bereaved people control their thoughts without knowing it Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:29 AM PST A new study shows that avoidant grievers unconsciously monitor and block the contents of their mind-wandering, a discovery that could lead to more effective psychiatric treatment for bereaved people. The researchers, who studied 29 bereaved subjects, are the first to show how this unconscious thought suppression occurs. |
| Physicist creates tiny sensors to assist in cancer detection Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:29 AM PST A physicist hopes to improve cancer detection with a new and novel class of nanomaterials. |
| Key players in the marine nitrogen cycle can utilize cyanate and urea Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:29 AM PST The ammonia oxidizing archaea, or Thaumarchaeota, are amongst the most abundant marine microorganisms. Yet, we are still discovering which factors allow them to thrive in the ocean: A new publication reveals that marine Thaumarchaeota have a broader metabolism than previously thought. |
| Personalized medicine tool for inherited colorectal cancer syndrome Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:29 AM PST An international team of researchers has developed, calibrated, and validated a novel tool for identifying the genetic changes in Lynch syndrome genes that are likely to be responsible for causing symptoms of the disease. |
| Providers show interest in prescribing therapeutic cannabinoids Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:28 AM PST Researchers have found many dermatologists are interested in learning more about and recommending therapeutic cannabinoids to their patients. |
| Imaging atomic structure of important immune regulator Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:28 AM PST A new study provides a biophysical and structural assessment of a critical immune regulating protein called human T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein-3 (hTIM-3). Understanding the atomic structure of hTIM-3 provides new insights for targeting this protein for numerous cancer and autoimmune therapeutics currently under clinical development. |
| Two compounds in coffee may team up to fight Parkinson's Posted: 10 Dec 2018 09:28 AM PST Scientists have found a compound in coffee that may team up with caffeine to fight Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia -- two progressive and currently incurable diseases associated with brain degeneration. |
| Solar activity research provides insight into sun's past, future Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST Scientists have developed a new technique for looking at historic solar data to distinguish trustworthy observations from those that should be used with care. This work is critical to understanding the sun's past and future as well as whether solar activity plays a role in climate change. |
| Evidence for carbon-rich surface on Ceres Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST Astronomers have concluded that the surface of dwarf planet Ceres is rich in organic matter. Data from NASA's Dawn spacecraft indicate that Ceres's surface may contain several times the concentration of carbon than is present in the most carbon-rich, primitive meteorites found on Earth. |
| Topological matters: Toward a new kind of transistor Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST An experiment has demonstrated, for the first time, electronic switching in an exotic, ultrathin material that can carry a charge with nearly zero loss at room temperature. Researchers demonstrated this switching when subjecting the material to a low-current electric field. |
| Tiny droplets of early universe matter created Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST Researchers have created tiny droplets of the ultra-hot matter that once filled the early universe, forming three distinct shapes and sizes: circles, ellipses and triangles. |
| Novel laser technology for microchip-size chemical sensors Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST A special laser system has been developed, using two slightly different frequency combs. This allows for chemical analysis on tiny spaces -- it is a millimeter-format chemistry lab. With this new patent-pending technology, frequency combs can be created on a single chip in a very simple and robust manner. |
| Females prefer city frogs' tunes Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST Urban sophistication has real sex appeal -- at least if you're a Central American amphibian. Male frogs in cities are more attractive to females than their forest-frog counterparts, according to a new study. |
| Early career choices appear to influence personality Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:58 AM PST In the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, 16-year-old students in middle-track schools decide whether to stay in school to pursue an academic career or enroll in a vocational training program. A new study offers evidence that the path they choose influences their personality years later. |
| Unexpected impact of hurricanes on Puerto Rico's watershed Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:57 AM PST Researchers have found unprecedentedly high levels of nitrate, an essential plant nutrient, in streams and watersheds of Puerto Rico for a year after two consecutive major hurricanes in 2017. This high amount of nitrate may have important climate change implications that could harm forest recovery and threaten ecosystems along Puerto Rico's coastline by escalating algal blooms and dead zones. |
| Antenna evaluation method could help boost 5G network capacity and cut costs Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:57 AM PST Researchers have developed a method for evaluating and selecting optimal antenna designs for future fifth-generation (5G) cellphones, other wireless devices and base stations. |
| Predicting leaky heart valves with 3D printing Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:57 AM PST Researchers have created a novel 3D printing workflow that allows cardiologists to evaluate how different valve sizes will interact with each patient's unique anatomy, before the medical procedure is actually performed. This protocol uses CT scan data to produce physical models of individual patients' aortic valves, in addition to a 'sizer' device to determine the perfect replacement valve size. |
| A glimmer of hope for the world's coral reefs Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:56 AM PST The future of the world's coral reefs is uncertain, as the impact of global heating continues to escalate. However, according to a new study, the response of the Great Barrier Reef to extreme temperatures in 2017 was markedly different to one year earlier, following two back-to-back bouts of coral bleaching. |
| NASA's Voyager 2 probe enters interstellar space Posted: 10 Dec 2018 08:38 AM PST For the second time in history, a human-made object has reached the space between the stars. NASA's Voyager 2 probe now has exited the heliosphere -- the protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields created by the Sun. |
| Genetic study of epilepsy points to potential new therapies Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:54 AM PST The largest study of its kind, led by international researchers has discovered 11 new genes associated with epilepsy. It greatly advances knowledge of the underlying biological causes of epilepsy and may inform the development of new treatments for the condition. |
| Scientists brew lava and blow it up to better understand volcanoes Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:54 AM PST What happens when lava and water meet? Explosive experiments with humanmade lava are helping to answer this important question. This long-term, ongoing study aims to shed light on the basic physics of lava-water interactions, which are common in nature but poorly understood. |
| New light on blocking Shiga and ricin toxins -- And on an iconic biological process Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:54 AM PST Researchers, setting their sights on Shiga toxin (player in the current E. coli outbreak from romaine lettuce) and ricin (a bioterrorism agent), have now identified potential protective strategies. Their study also sheds new light on glycosylation, the attachment of sugars to large molecules, key to cells' ability to create more diverse molecules beyond what's encoded in the genome. |
| How glial cells develop in the brain from neural precursor cells Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:53 AM PST A research team studied how glial cells develop in the brain from neural precursor cells. They discovered that differentiation involves three stages and that three proteins in the cell nucleus, so-called transcription factors, play a key role in organizing glia-specific transcription of the genes in the cell nucleus. |
| New look at Puerto Rico post-Hurricane Maria Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:53 AM PST Two new research efforts delve into Hurricane Maria's far-reaching effects on the island's forests and on its residents' energy and electricity access. |
| Cancer cells distinguished by artificial intelligence-based system Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST A research team has created a system that uses a convolutional neural network to learn the features distinguishing different cancer cells, based on images from a phase-contrast microscope. This system accurately differentiated human and mouse cancer cells, as well as their radioresistant clones. This novel approach can improve the speed and accuracy of cancer diagnosis by avoiding the laboriousness and potential errors associated with equivalent analyses by humans. |
| Memory tests predict brain atrophy and Alzheimer's disease Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Use of two episodic memory tests help in predicting brain atrophy and Alzheimer's disease, as indicated by a study. Researchers suggest that comprehensive use of memory tests could improve the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease. |
| Scientists discover how birds and dinosaurs evolved to dazzle with colourful displays Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Iridescence is responsible for some of the most striking visual displays in the animal kingdom. Now, thanks to a new study of feathers from almost 100 modern bird species, scientists have gained new insights into how this color diversity evolved. |
| Hair color gene study sheds new light on roots of redheads' locks Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Scientists have discovered eight additional genes linked to red hair, helping to solve a mystery of how redheads inherit their flaming locks. |
| Plants as antifungal factories Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Researchers have developed a biotechnological tool to produce, in a very efficient manner, antifungal proteins in the leaves of the plant Nicotiana benthamiana. These proteins are promising biomolecules that could be used to develop new antifungals whose properties and mechanisms of action represent improvements on the existing ones, and which can be applied in diverse fields, including crop and postharvest protection and animal and human health. |
| Ozone depletion increases Antarctic snowfall, partially mitigates ice sheet loss Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Ozone layer depletion has increased snowfall over Antarctica in recent decades, partially mitigating the ongoing loss of the continent's ice sheet mass, new research finds. |
| The fauna in the Antarctica is threatened by pathogens humans spread in polar latitudes Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST The fauna in the Antarctica could be in danger due the pathogens humans spread in places and research stations in the southern ocean. |
| Proteins for making tough rubber Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Inspired by nature, scientists have produced a synthetic analogue to vulcanized natural rubber. Their material is just as tough and durable as the original. They reveal the secret to their success: short protein chains attached to the side-chains of the polymer backbone ensure stable physical cross-linkage and give the material a ''self-reinforcing'' effect under strain. In contrast to conventional rubbers, it is much easier to recycle. |
| New insights into childhood cancer Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Peripheral nervous system tumors, known as neuroblastoma, are one of the most common types of childhood tumors. Researchers have now studied the genetic factors behind different tumor subtypes and their prognoses. Their findings enable clinicians to predict the precise clinical course of the disease, and to adapt their treatment regimens accordingly. |
| New method to treat life-threatening heart arrhythmias in dogs Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Researchers have developed a new treatment for dogs with a rare, but life-threatening, arrhythmia caused by atrioventricular accessory pathways (APs). The minimally invasive technique, which uses radiofrequencies, is modified from a human cardiology procedure and has a more than 95 percent success rate in treating dogs with this type of arrhythmia. |
| Life in Deep Earth totals 15 to 23 billion tons of carbon -- hundreds of times more than humans Posted: 10 Dec 2018 07:19 AM PST Barely living 'zombie' bacteria and other forms of life constitute an immense amount of carbon deep within Earth's subsurface -- 245 to 385 times greater than the carbon mass of all humans on the surface, according to Deep Carbon Observatory scientists nearing the end of a 10-year international collaboration to reveal Earth's innermost secrets. |
| Tiny Australian wallaby the last living link to extinct giant kangaroos Posted: 10 Dec 2018 06:28 AM PST Scientists reveal that Australia's pint-sized banded hare-wallaby is the closest living relative of the giant short-faced kangaroos which roamed the continent for millions of years, but died out about 40,000 years ago. |
| Nanoglue can make composites several times tougher during dynamic loading Posted: 10 Dec 2018 06:20 AM PST Materials scientists have found that oscillating loads at certain frequencies can lead to several-fold increases in the strength of composites with an interface that is modified by a molecular layer of 'nanoglue.' |
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