ScienceDaily: Top News |
- Unraveling threads of bizarre hagfish's explosive slime
- Poisons or medicines? Cyanobacteria toxins protect tiny lake dwellers from parasites
- Difficulties with audiovisual processing contributes to dyslexia in children
- Tool for nonstatisticians automatically generates models that glean insights from complex datasets
- New zoning tool provides global topographic datasets in minutes
- Mojave rattlesnakes' life-threatening venom is more widespread than expected
- Breakthrough in ice-repelling materials
- Vaccine-preventable infections in pediatric transplant patients
- Pore size influences nature of complex nanostructures
- Scientists make strides in creation of clinical-grade bone
- New evidence of superconductivity at near room temperature
- Einstein-de Haas effect has a central role in ultrafast demagnetization processes
- Potential therapeutic target for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- New conservation practice could reduce nitrogen pollution in agricultural drainage water
- Idled farmland presents habitat restoration opportunities in San Joaquin Desert
- A microbial hot spring in your basement
- Assessing the performance of multiple influenza forecasting models
- A new way by which the human brain marks time
- Genome doubling, cell size and novelty
- Pioneering surgery restores movement to children paralyzed by acute flaccid myelitis
- 'Outdated' management plan increases risks to Alaska's large carnivores
- Brilliant glow of paint-on semiconductors comes from ornate quantum physics
- Engineers 3D print smart objects with 'embodied logic'
- Medical detection dogs help diabetes patients regulate insulin levels
- Back to the future with CD4 testing: Improving HIV care in low- and middle-income countries
- Gene expression study sheds new light on African Salmonella
- Gene-editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 shown to limit impact of certain parasitic diseases
- Black mangroves' impact on the salt marsh food web
- 11,500-year-old animal bones in Jordan suggest early dogs helped humans hunt
- New effect in the interaction of plasmas with solids discovered
- Power stations driven by light
- Part-time working mothers with flexible schedules end up doing more work without pay
- Nerve cells made from skin cells are a valid lab model for studying disease
- Scientists have identified a bone marrow backup system
- How Candida albicans exploits lack of oxygen to cause disease
- Researchers raise bar for successful management of severe atopic dermatitis
- Defective glial cells can push neurons toward Parkinson's disease
- Effects of linoleic acid on inflammatory response depend on genes
- Mathematical model can improve our knowledge on cancer
- Keeping roads in good shape reduces greenhouse gas emissions
- New immune response regulators
- Genes reveal clues about people's potential life expectancy
- Using satellites to measure rates of ice mass loss in glaciers
- Personality type could shape attitudes toward body weight of others, researchers say
- Protein alteration controls cell's response to stress, immunity and lifespan
- Helping anxious students excel on science exams
- Light up logic: Engineers perform computational logic with light
- Multimaterial 3D printing used to develop fast response stiffness-tunable soft actuator
- Bike share programs show infrequent helmet use, little disparity among neighborhoods
- B-group vitamins can improve concentration among people with first episode psychosis
- Dissidents under authoritarian rule: Staying anonymous yet trustworthy
- Scientists identify two new species of fungi in retreating Arctic glacier
- MANF identified as a rejuvenating factor in parabiosis
- Big genome found in tiny forest defoliator
- Genomic study finds Haida Gwaii's northern goshawks are highly distinct and at-risk
- Surge protector: A novel approach to suppressing therapy-induced tumor growth and recurrence
- Serious problems with forensic software
- Health effects of metabolic 'magic bullet' protein
- The 17 different ways your face conveys happiness
- Fever alters immune cells so they can better reach infections
| Unraveling threads of bizarre hagfish's explosive slime Posted: 15 Jan 2019 05:00 PM PST Biologists have modeled the hagfish's gag-inducing defense mechanism mathematically. |
| Poisons or medicines? Cyanobacteria toxins protect tiny lake dwellers from parasites Posted: 15 Jan 2019 05:00 PM PST The cyanobacteria blooms that plague western Lake Erie each summer are both an unsightly nuisance and a potential public health hazard, producing liver toxins that can be harmful to humans and their pets. |
| Difficulties with audiovisual processing contributes to dyslexia in children Posted: 15 Jan 2019 02:43 PM PST A neuroimaging study could help develop tests for early identification of dyslexia. |
| Tool for nonstatisticians automatically generates models that glean insights from complex datasets Posted: 15 Jan 2019 02:43 PM PST Researchers are hoping to advance the democratization of data science with a new tool for nonstatisticians that automatically generates models for analyzing raw data. |
| New zoning tool provides global topographic datasets in minutes Posted: 15 Jan 2019 02:43 PM PST With the increased availability of remote sensing technologies, scientists now have access to high-resolution datasets on Earth's surface properties at the global scale. As a result, an international team of scientists, has created the first comprehensive high resolution map of Earth's floodplains. |
| Mojave rattlesnakes' life-threatening venom is more widespread than expected Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST It was thought that Mojave rattlesnakes with hemorrhagic venom only lived in Arizona, but new research documents hemorrhagic and neurotoxic venom types throughout the US and Mexico, and even hybrid venom in which one snake exhibits both types. |
| Breakthrough in ice-repelling materials Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST Icy weather is blamed for multibillion dollar losses every year in the United States, including delays and damage related to air travel, infrastructure and power generation and transmission facilities. Now researchers have reported creating a durable silicone polymer coating capable of repelling ice from any surface. |
| Vaccine-preventable infections in pediatric transplant patients Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST Children who receive solid organ transplants are hospitalized due to vaccine-preventable infections at rates that are significantly higher than the general population. |
| Pore size influences nature of complex nanostructures Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST In new research that could help inform development of new materials, chemists have found that the empty space ('pores') present in two-dimensional molecular building blocks fundamentally changes the strength of these van der Waals forces, and can potentially alter the assembly of sophisticated nanostructures. |
| Scientists make strides in creation of clinical-grade bone Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST A team of scientists has made valuable progress toward creating clinical-grade cells for treatment of bone disease and injury. In their study, the team identified two types of growth media that could support effective expansion of mesenchymal progenitor (MP) cells from stem cells in a clinically compatible, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) setting. |
| New evidence of superconductivity at near room temperature Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST Researchers have taken a major step toward reaching one of the most sought-after goals in physics: room temperature superconductivity. |
| Einstein-de Haas effect has a central role in ultrafast demagnetization processes Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST The Einstein-de Haas effect, first demonstrated more than a century ago, provides an intriguing link between magnetization and rotation in ferromagnetic materials. Researchers have now found that the effect has also a central role in ultrafast processes that happen at the sub-picosecond timescale -- and thus deliver fresh insight into materials that might form the basis for novel devices. |
| Potential therapeutic target for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST New research has revealed that the protein TDP-43 regulates a gene called Stathmin2 (STMN2). STMN2 shows promise as a therapeutic target and could be the first biomarker ALS, which is extremely difficult to diagnose and treat. |
| New conservation practice could reduce nitrogen pollution in agricultural drainage water Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST In a new study, scientists have estimated that a new conservation practice known as saturated buffers could reduce nitrogen from agricultural drainage by 5 to 10 percent. |
| Idled farmland presents habitat restoration opportunities in San Joaquin Desert Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST Most of the native habitat in California's San Joaquin Desert has been converted to row crops and orchards, leaving 35 threatened or endangered species confined to isolated patches of habitat. A new study looked at the conservation potential of marginal farmland in the San Joaquin Desert and found that restoration of fallowed farmland could play a crucial role in habitat protection and restoration strategies for the blunt-nosed leopard lizard and other endangered species. |
| A microbial hot spring in your basement Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:23 PM PST Microbes that thrive in some of the most extreme places on Earth have discovered another cozy place to live -- inside homes across the United States. |
| Assessing the performance of multiple influenza forecasting models Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:22 PM PST In what the authors believe is the first documented comparison of several real-time infectious disease forecasting models by different teams across many seasons, five research groups report this week that a majority of models consistently showed higher accuracy than historical baseline models. |
| A new way by which the human brain marks time Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:22 PM PST With a little help from HBO's 'Curb Your Enthusiasm,' neurobiologists have uncovered a key component of how the human brain marks time. |
| Genome doubling, cell size and novelty Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:22 PM PST Scientists have examined the effects of genome doubling on cell biology and the generation of novelty in plants. |
| Pioneering surgery restores movement to children paralyzed by acute flaccid myelitis Posted: 15 Jan 2019 01:22 PM PST An innovative and complex surgery involving nerve transfers is restoring movement to young patients with paralysis caused by acute flaccid myelitis. |
| 'Outdated' management plan increases risks to Alaska's large carnivores Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:41 AM PST Alaskan wildlife management that prioritizes reducing bear and wolf populations so hunters can kill more moose, caribou and deer is both backward and lacks scientific monitoring. |
| Brilliant glow of paint-on semiconductors comes from ornate quantum physics Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:41 AM PST A new wave of semiconductors that can be painted on is on the horizon. It bears the promise of revolutionizing lighting all over again and of transforming solar energy. Ornate quantum particle action, revealed here, that drives the new material's properties defies the workings of established semiconductors. |
| Engineers 3D print smart objects with 'embodied logic' Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:41 AM PST Using stimuli-responsive materials and geometric principles, engineers have designed structures that have 'embodied logic.' Through their physical and chemical makeup alone, they are able to determine which of multiple possible responses to make in response to their environment. |
| Medical detection dogs help diabetes patients regulate insulin levels Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:40 AM PST New research has found that the best trained alert dogs have the potential to vastly improve the quality of life of people living with Type 1 diabetes. |
| Back to the future with CD4 testing: Improving HIV care in low- and middle-income countries Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:40 AM PST A practical resource-based public health approach for the rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected individuals living in low- and middle-income countries could save thousands of lives. |
| Gene expression study sheds new light on African Salmonella Posted: 15 Jan 2019 11:40 AM PST Scientists have completed one of the largest bacterial comparative gene expression studies to date and taken another step forward in understanding the African Salmonella strain that is currently killing around 400,000 people each year in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Gene-editing tool CRISPR/Cas9 shown to limit impact of certain parasitic diseases Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:29 AM PST Researchers have successfully used CRISPR/Cas9 to limit the impact of schistosomiasis and liver fluke infection, which affects more than a quarter of a billion people in Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America. |
| Black mangroves' impact on the salt marsh food web Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:29 AM PST Warmer temperatures are causing more tropical species to move northward. Among these are black mangroves, whose abundance is steadily increasing in the northern Gulf of Mexico. A new article examines how this tropical species is impacting the salt marsh food web. |
| 11,500-year-old animal bones in Jordan suggest early dogs helped humans hunt Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:29 AM PST 11,500 years ago in what is now northeast Jordan, people began to live alongside dogs and may also have used them for hunting, a new study shows. The archaeologists suggest that the introduction of dogs as hunting aids may explain the dramatic increase of hares and other small prey in the archaeological remains at the site. |
| New effect in the interaction of plasmas with solids discovered Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST If a plasma comes in contact with a solid, under certain circumstances the surface is changed fundamentally and permanently. Researchers have now discovered a surprising effect, in which the electronic properties of the solid material, such as its electrical conductivity, can be changed in a controlled, extremely fast and reversible manner, by ion impact. |
| Power stations driven by light Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST The smallest building blocks within the power stations of organisms which get their energy directly from the sun are basically miniature reactors surrounded by collectors which capture photons and forward them to the center. The close correlation between structure and interaction of the components boosts productivity, a strategy which researchers are using for increasing the efficiency of solar technology. |
| Part-time working mothers with flexible schedules end up doing more work without pay Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST Flexible schedules cause part-time working mothers to work longer without pay. |
| Nerve cells made from skin cells are a valid lab model for studying disease Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST Researchers have shown that cells from mice that have been induced to grow into nerve cells using a previously published method have molecular signatures matching neurons that developed naturally in the brain. |
| Scientists have identified a bone marrow backup system Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST New research has identified a backup for an important biological system -- the hematopoietic system, whose adult stem cells constantly replenish the body's blood supply. |
| How Candida albicans exploits lack of oxygen to cause disease Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST Scientists have shown how the yeast Candida albicans can modulate and adapt to low oxygen levels in different body niches to cause infection and to harm the host. Studying adaption to hypoxic or anoxic niches is particularly fruitful, since it helps us to understand the pathogenicity of C. albicans and promotes the development of better therapy approaches. |
| Researchers raise bar for successful management of severe atopic dermatitis Posted: 15 Jan 2019 10:28 AM PST A team of investigators has identified comprehensive guidelines for managing severe atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common form of eczema. |
| Defective glial cells can push neurons toward Parkinson's disease Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:45 AM PST A team of scientists have discovered that astrocytes are linked to the buildup of a toxic protein that is one the hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. The work suggests an important role for glial cells in Parkinson's disease and offers potential new targets for developing therapies. |
| Effects of linoleic acid on inflammatory response depend on genes Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:45 AM PST The effects of linoleic acid on the human body are largely dependent on genes, a new study shows. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid. People carrying different variants of the FADS1 gene had a different inflammatory response and different changes in their fasting glucose levels when supplementing their diet by linoleic acid rich sunflower oil. This was the first time these associations were studied in humans. |
| Mathematical model can improve our knowledge on cancer Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Researchers have developed a new mathematical tool, which can improve our understanding of what happens when cells lose their polarity (direction) in diseases such as cancer. The result is advancing our understanding of how the fertilized egg cell develops into a complete organism. Biological shapes, like individual organs or an entire body, can be reproduced or maintained with great accuracy, just like in the embryonic development or during the adult stage. |
| Keeping roads in good shape reduces greenhouse gas emissions Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Keeping road pavement in good shape saves money and energy and reduces greenhouse gas emissions, more than offsetting pollution generated during road construction, according to a new study. |
| New immune response regulators Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Researchers have discovered new proteins that regulate T cells in the human immune system. Some of these proteins can provide possible new targets for drug development in treating immune-mediated diseases. |
| Genes reveal clues about people's potential life expectancy Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Scientists say they can predict whether a person can expect to live longer or die sooner than average, by looking at their DNA. Experts have analyzed the combined effect of genetic variations that influence lifespan to produce a scoring system. People who score in the top ten per cent of the population might expect to live up to five years longer than those who score in the lowest ten per cent, they say. |
| Using satellites to measure rates of ice mass loss in glaciers Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Researchers have investigated all glacial areas in South America in more detail than ever before, from the tropical areas to the subpolar regions. Their two major findings are that the highest rate of mass loss is in the Patagonian ice sheet, and that the glaciers in the tropics have lost considerably less mass than previously projected, although this is not the good news which it might appear at first sight. |
| Personality type could shape attitudes toward body weight of others, researchers say Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Researchers found that personality traits have significant bearing on a person's attitudes toward obesity, their implicit theories of weight and their willingness to engage in derisive fat talk or weight discrimination. |
| Protein alteration controls cell's response to stress, immunity and lifespan Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:44 AM PST Scientists have revealed a key mechanism in worms that is involved in controlling the cell's response to stress, a study reports. |
| Helping anxious students excel on science exams Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST A new study released today reveals that helping lower-income high school freshman to regulate their test-taking anxiety can cut their biology course failure rates in half. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and conducted by Barnard College President Sian Leah Beilock and her research team found that brief pre-exam de-stressing strategies could reduce the performance gap often seen between lower-income and higher income students. |
| Light up logic: Engineers perform computational logic with light Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST For the first time, researchers performed logic operations -- the basis of computation -- with a chemical device using electric fields and ultraviolet light. The device and the pioneering methods used open up research possibilities including low-power, high-performance computer chips. |
| Multimaterial 3D printing used to develop fast response stiffness-tunable soft actuator Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST Researchers have designed and fabricated a fast-response, stiffness tunable (FRST) soft actuator which is able to complete a softening-stiffening cycle within 32 seconds. |
| Bike share programs show infrequent helmet use, little disparity among neighborhoods Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST People riding free-floating bike share rentals in Seattle are wearing helmets infrequently, according to a new analysis. Only 20 percent of bike share riders wore helmets in the study, while more than 90 percent of cyclists wore helmets while riding their own bikes. Different research on the free-floating bike share systems showed that bikes were usually available in all Seattle neighborhoods across economic, racial and ethnic lines. However, more bikes were located in more-advantaged neighborhoods. |
| B-group vitamins can improve concentration among people with first episode psychosis Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST A new study explored the impact of increasing a person's intake of vitamins B12, B6, and folic acid [vitamin B9] after studies in people with schizophrenia revealed that increased intake of these vitamins could decrease patients' levels of an amino acid called homocysteine and improve their symptoms. |
| Dissidents under authoritarian rule: Staying anonymous yet trustworthy Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST Minority and dissident communities face a perplexing challenge in countries with authoritarian governments. They need to remain anonymous to avoid persecution, but also must establish a trustworthy identity in their communications. An interdisciplinary group of researchers has designed an application to meet both of these requirements. |
| Scientists identify two new species of fungi in retreating Arctic glacier Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST Two new species of fungi have made an appearance in a rapidly melting glacier on Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic, just west of Greenland. |
| MANF identified as a rejuvenating factor in parabiosis Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:11 AM PST Older mice who are surgically joined with young mice in order to share a common bloodstream get stronger and healthier, making parabiosis one of the hottest topics in age research. Researchers now report that MANF (mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor) is one of the factors responsible for rejuvenating the transfused older mice. Researchers also show the naturally occurring, evolutionarily conserved repair mechanism protects against liver damage in aging mice and extends lifespan in flies. |
| Big genome found in tiny forest defoliator Posted: 15 Jan 2019 09:10 AM PST Scientists have sequenced the genomes of the European gypsy moth and its even more destructive cousin, the Asian gypsy moth. |
| Genomic study finds Haida Gwaii's northern goshawks are highly distinct and at-risk Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:20 AM PST Haida Gwaii's small population of northern goshawks -- already of great concern to conservationists -- are the last remnant of a highly distinct genetic cluster of the birds, according to a new genomic analysis. |
| Surge protector: A novel approach to suppressing therapy-induced tumor growth and recurrence Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:19 AM PST Dead and dying cancer cells killed by conventional cancer treatments paradoxically trigger inflammation that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Researchers now describe a novel approach to suppressing chemotherapy-induced tumor growth in an ovarian cancer model. |
| Serious problems with forensic software Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:19 AM PST New research finds significant flaws in recently released forensic software designed to assess the age of individuals based on their skeletal remains. The researchers report that, on average, the software's age estimates are off by more than 14 years. |
| Health effects of metabolic 'magic bullet' protein Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:19 AM PST Researchers have developed a new system that lets them study in more detail than ever exactly how, where and when the metabolic protein AMPK carries out its molecular and therapeutic functions. |
| The 17 different ways your face conveys happiness Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:19 AM PST Human beings can configure their faces in thousands and thousands of ways to convey emotion, but only 35 expressions actually get the job done across cultures, a new study has found. |
| Fever alters immune cells so they can better reach infections Posted: 15 Jan 2019 08:19 AM PST Fever is known to help power up our immune cells, and scientists have new evidence explaining how. They found in mice that fever alters surface proteins on immune cells like lymphocytes to make them better able to travel via blood vessels to reach the site of infection. |
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