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ScienceDaily: Top News |
Children describe technology that gives them a sense of ambiguity as 'creepy' Posted: 16 May 2019 03:59 PM PDT Researchers have defined for the first time what children mean when they say technology is 'creepy.' |
Fearful customers sensitive to size and scope of a data breach while angry customers are not Posted: 16 May 2019 02:00 PM PDT Customers who feel afraid in the wake of a data breach care more about the size and scope of the breach than do angry customers, according to new research. |
Mining 25 years of data uncovers a new predictor of age of onset for Huntington disease Posted: 16 May 2019 02:00 PM PDT Investigators have examined more than 25 years of data to reveal new insights into predicting the age of onset for Huntington disease. |
Scientists develop technology to capture tumor cells Posted: 16 May 2019 02:00 PM PDT Instead of searching for a needle in a haystack, what if you were able to sweep the entire haystack to one side, leaving only the needle behind? That's the strategy researchers followed in developing a new microfluidic device that separates elusive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from a sample of whole blood. |
Children who use asthma tracking app have better disease control and fewer hospital visits Posted: 16 May 2019 12:53 PM PDT An app that allows parents and doctors to monitor a child's asthma has a big impact on managing the disease. When families monitored symptoms with eAsthma Tracker and adjusted care accordingly, children had better asthma control and made fewer visits to the emergency department. |
3D-printed 'hyperelastic bone' may help generate new bone for skull reconstruction Posted: 16 May 2019 12:53 PM PDT Defects of the skull and facial bones can pose difficult challenges for plastic and reconstructive surgeons. A synthetic material called hyperelastic bone -- readily produced by 3D-printing -- could offer a powerful new tool for use in reconstructing skull defects. |
Protecting rare species can benefit human life Posted: 16 May 2019 12:53 PM PDT Preserving rare species for the sake of global biodiversity has long been the primary focus for conservationists. To better protect rare animals, insects and plants, and to prepare for an uncertain future influenced by climate change, a team of researchers is aiming to merge this conventional wisdom with a new way of thinking: arguing researchers needs to better understand how rare species benefit people outside of their existence value. |
Training a neural network to study dark matter Posted: 16 May 2019 11:52 AM PDT A research group is using a deep learning method known as generative adversarial networks to enhance the use of gravitational lensing in the study of dark matter. |
Researchers create washable sensor that can be woven into materials Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Researchers have developed a low-cost sensor that can be interlaced into textiles and composite materials. While the research is still new, the sensor may pave the way for smart clothing that can monitor human movement. |
Designing biological movement on the nanometer scale Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Synthetic proteins have now been created that can move in response to their environment in predictable and tunable ways. These proteins can use their movement to disrupt lipid membranes in cells. They show promise as tools for drug delivery, and might eventually rival the efficiency of virus vehicles, but without some of their drawbacks. |
How host-cell enzymes combat the coronavirus Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Host-cell enzymes called PARP12 and PARP14 are important for inhibiting mutant forms of a coronavirus, according to a new study. |
Natural compound found in broccoli reawakens the function of potent tumor suppressor Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Long associated with decreased risk of cancer, broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables -- the family of plants that also includes cauliflower, cabbage, collard greens, Brussels sprouts and kale -- contain a molecule that inactivates a gene known to play a role in a variety of common human cancers. A new study demonstrates that targeting the gene, known as WWP1, with the ingredient found in broccoli suppressed tumor growth in cancer-prone lab animals. |
Scientists find new type of cell that helps tadpoles' tails regenerate Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Researchers have uncovered a specialized population of skin cells that coordinate tail regeneration in frogs. These 'Regeneration-Organizing Cells' help to explain one of the great mysteries of nature and may offer clues about how this ability might be achieved in mammalian tissues. |
Brain changes in autism traced to specific cell types Posted: 16 May 2019 11:29 AM PDT Changes in gene activity in specific brain cells are associated with the severity of autism in children and young adults with the disorder, according to a new study. |
Early weight-loss surgery may improve type 2 diabetes, blood pressure outcomes Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT Despite similar weight loss, teens who had gastric bypass surgery were significantly more likely to have remission of both type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, compared to adults who had the same procedure. Previously, no treatment has shown longer-term effectiveness at reversing type 2 diabetes in youth, which tends to advance more quickly than in adults. |
Brain's insular cortex processes pain and drives learning from pain Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT Neuroscientists have discovered an area of the brain, the insular cortex, that processes painful experiences and thereby drives learning from aversive events. |
Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT Neuroscientists have identified a brain circuit that helps break complex decisions down into smaller pieces. The study sheds light on how the brain reasons about probable causes of failure after a hierarchy of decisions. |
Preventive measures can reduce foot parasite in children Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT Tungiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by penetrated sand fleas which burrow into the skin of the feet. Public health policies such as sealing house and classroom floors and daily feet washing with soap could cut the number of tungiasis cases in school-aged children, researchers now report. |
Could better tests help reverse the rise of drug-resistant infections? Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT Faster, more accurate tests for drug-resistant infections are hailed as a promising tool in the fight against antibiotic resistance, so much so that the US and Britain are offering millions in prize money for their development. A modeling study shows that better tests could, in theory, change the game and put drug-resistant bacteria at a reproductive disadvantage relative to more easily-treated strains -- but with a caveat. |
Mutation makes bulldogs and Norwich terriers more susceptible to breathing problems Posted: 16 May 2019 11:28 AM PDT The discovery of a new mutation associated with breathing difficulties in popular dog breeds suggests that shortened skulls causing flat faces is not the only factor that contributes to the condition, but that swelling around the airways from edema may also play a role. |
Flexibility of working memory from random connections Posted: 16 May 2019 10:56 AM PDT Working memory is your ability to hold things 'in mind.' It acts as a workspace in which information can be held, manipulated, and used to guide behavior. It plays a critical role in cognition, decoupling behavior from the immediate sensory world. One remarkable thing about working memory is its flexibility -- you can hold anything in mind. In their new manuscript, researchers present the first model of working memory that captures this flexibility. |
True identity of imposter 'pigs' on 17th century map overturns early colonial history of Barbados Posted: 16 May 2019 10:17 AM PDT Which came first, the pigs or the pioneers? In Barbados, that has been a historical mystery ever since the first English colonists arrived in 1627 to encounter what they thought was a herd of wild European pigs. Research is shedding new light on the mystery and the altering of New World environments. |
Posted: 16 May 2019 10:17 AM PDT A native mosquito in Missouri has fewer parasites when it shares its waters with an interloper, according to new research. |
Measuring plant improvements to help farmers boost production Posted: 16 May 2019 10:17 AM PDT Today, scientists have shown a new technology can more quickly scan an entire field of plants to capture improvements in their natural capacity to harvest energy from the sun. |
Particulate matter from aircraft engines affects airways Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT In a unique, innovative experiment, researchers have investigated the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells. The cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. It was also shown that the cytotoxic effect is only to some extent comparable to that of particles from gasoline and diesel engines. |
Ritter Island gives new insights into the dynamics of volcanic landslides Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT The flanks of many island volcanoes slide very slowly towards the sea. Whether these landslides are forewarnings of a catastrophic collapse or, on the contrary, even reduce its risk, is not yet understood. Geophysicists now show that sporadic, slow landslides on the small volcanic island of Ritter Island in New Guinea preceded a catastrophic collapse. |
Long-term decline in stroke greater in older adults Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Although the occurrence of first-ever ischemic stroke (strokes due to a blood clot that blocks a blood vessel in the brain) at middle age has been decreasing over time, researchers have found that the decline is not as steep as seen in older adults. |
Early exposure to banking may influence life-long financial health Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Growing up in a community with or without banks has a long-term effect on how you build and manage credit, according to a new study. The research shows individuals who grow up in what are essentially 'financial deserts' are slow to apply for credit and as adults have lower credit scores and more delinquent accounts. |
Algal blooms in Lake Erie's central basin could produce neurotoxins Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Harmful algal blooms pose a unique toxic threat in Lake Erie's central basin, new research has found. Not only do blooms routinely occur in this area, which previously was not thought to be an area of concern, they can also produce types of cyanobacterial toxins that aren't typically detected through routine water-safety monitoring, according to a new study. |
Galaxy blazes with new stars born from close encounter Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT The irregular galaxy NGC 4485 shows all the signs of having been involved in a hit-and-run accident with a bypassing galaxy. Rather than destroying the galaxy, the chance encounter is spawning a new generation of stars, and presumably planets. |
Shedding light on the key determinants of global land use projections Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Land use is at the core of various sustainable development goals. An international research group has endeavored to disentangle the key determinants of global land use projections. |
Bio-inspired material targets oceans' uranium stores for sustainable nuclear energy Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Scientists have demonstrated a new bio-inspired material for an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to recovering uranium from seawater. The low-cost polymer adsorbent could help push past bottlenecks in the cost and efficiency of extracting uranium resources from oceans for sustainable energy production. |
Atomic 'wave function': Research sheds new light Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Physicists have demonstrated a new way to obtain the essential details of an isolated quantum system through direct observation. The method gives information about the likelihood of finding atoms at specific locations in the system with unprecedented spatial resolution far better than an optical microscope can provide. With this technique, scientists can obtain details on a scale of tens of nanometers -- smaller than the width of a virus. |
Fecal microbiota transplant found safe and effective in children with C. difficile Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), or the transfer of stool from a healthy donor to a patient, has been found effective in reversing severe, recurring diarrheal infections from Clostridiodes difficile in adults by restoring a normal microbiome. Now, the largest study to date of FMT in children finds the procedure to be safe and effective in eradicating an infection that is on the rise among children, even those without known risk factors. |
Bedbugs evolved more than 100 million years ago Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT Bedbugs -- some of the most unwanted human bed-mates -- have been parasitic companions with other species aside from humans for more than 100 million years, walking the earth at the same time as dinosaurs. |
Nearly a quarter of West Antarctic ice is now unstable Posted: 16 May 2019 08:46 AM PDT In only 25 years, ocean melting has caused ice thinning to spread across West Antarctica so rapidly that a quarter of its glacier ice is now affected, according to a new study. |
These four values lessen the power of transformational leadership Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Transformational leadership is considered one of the most effective ways to motivate and inspire employees. However, new research finds cultural values significantly limit its effectiveness. |
How plants are working hard for the planet Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT As the planet warms, plants are working to slow the effect of human-caused climate change -- and new research has assessed how plants are responding to increasing carbon dioxide (CO2). |
Antibody responses vs. Ebola keep evolving in survivors, months after recovery Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Antiviral antibodies produced by survivors of Ebola infection continue to evolve and improve after recovery, according to a study of immune responses in four people who received care at Emory University Hospital in 2014. High levels of neutralizing antibodies- thought to be key to protecting someone against deadly infection -- didn't appear in patients' blood until months after they left the hospital. |
Heavily processed foods cause overeating and weight gain, study finds Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT People eating ultra-processed foods ate more calories and gained more weight than when they ate a minimally processed diet, according to results from a new study. The difference occurred even though meals provided to the volunteers in both the ultra-processed and minimally processed diets had the same number of calories and macronutrients. |
Nutrition: Substantial benefit from replacing steak with fish Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Consumers will gain a health benefit from substituting part of the red and processed meat in their diet with fish, according to new calculations. Men over 50 and women of childbearing age in particular would benefit from such a change in diet. |
Human antibody reveals hidden vulnerability in influenza virus Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT The ever-changing 'head' of an influenza virus protein has an unexpected Achilles heel, report scientists. The team discovered the structure of a naturally occurring human antibody that recognizes and disrupts a portion of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein that the virus uses to enter and infect cells. The investigators determined that the antibody, FluA-20, binds tightly to an area on the head of the HA protein that is only briefly accessible to antibody attack. |
Key step in cell protein production Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Scientists have discovered how genes create proteins in research which could aid the development of treatments for human diseases. |
ALMA discovers aluminum around young star Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Researchers have discovered an aluminum-bearing molecule for the first time around a young star. The discovery provides a crucial chance to study the early formation process of meteorites and planets like Earth. |
Global invasion routes of the red swamp crayfish, described based on genetics Posted: 16 May 2019 08:45 AM PDT Researchers have identified the main introduction routes of the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, during its global-scale invasion. This North American species is the most widely spread freshwater crayfish worldwide and is one of the worst invasive species due to its impact on the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. |
Balancing the beam: Thermomechanical micromachine detects terahertz radiation Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT Researchers have developed a microelectromechanical device that detects terahertz radiation at room temperature. This device is easy to use, much faster than conventional thermal sensors, highly sensitive, and can be incorporated into detector arrays. It detects radiation using the shift in mechanical resonance frequency of a tiny suspended beam caused by the thermal expansion generated by THz radiation. This breakthrough heralds a new era of terahertz technologies, including sensors and cameras. |
Why adults at risk for Huntington's choose not to learn if they inherited deadly gene Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT As many as 90 percent of individuals who have a parent with Huntington's disease (HD) choose not to take a gene test that reveals if they will also develop the fatal disorder -- and a new study details the reasons why. Understanding the ''why'' matters as new clinical trials testing therapies for people who haven't yet developed symptoms of Huntington disease requires participants to be tested for the HD gene to be included in the trials. |
First gene that increases the risk of fainting identified Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT Fainting is not solely caused by external factors. Your genes also play a part. Based on data from more than 400,000 individuals they have identified the first gene that predisposes to fainting. |
People recycle more when they know what recyclable waste becomes Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT A new study shows that consumers recycle more when they think about how their waste can be transformed into new products. Change the conversation from 'Where does this go?' to 'What does this create?' to increase recycling rates. |
Automatic neurological disease diagnosis using deep learning Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT A team of researchers has developed MNet, an automatic diagnosis system for neurological diseases using magnetoencephalography (MEG), demonstrating the possibility of making automatic neurological disease diagnoses using MEG. |
New way to beat the heat in electronics Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT Researchers combine a polymer nanofiber layer with boron nitride to make a strong, foldable dielectric separator for high-temperature batteries and other applications. |
Improving carbon-capturing with metal-organic frameworks Posted: 16 May 2019 07:37 AM PDT Chemical engineers have designed an easy method to achieve commercially attractive carbon-capturing with metal-organic frameworks. |
Organic animal farms benefit birds nesting in agricultural environments Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT Environmental subsidies for agriculture awarded by the European Union aim to improve biodiversity in agricultural environments. A recently completed Finnish study indicates that the proximity of organic animal farms increases bird numbers, and this has enabled environmental subsidies to positively impact bird populations. |
Surprising research result: All immature cells can develop into stem cells Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT A new study challenges traditional knowledge of stem cell development. The study reveals that the destiny of intestinal cells is not predetermined, but instead determined by the cells' surroundings. The findings may make it easier to manipulate stem cells for stem cell therapy. |
Patients with both schizophrenia and epilepsy die alarmingly early Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT More than one in four patients with schizophrenia and epilepsy die before reaching the age of fifty. |
Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT Evolution and dietary habits interact and determine the composition of bacteria in the digestive tract. Many microorganisms in the intestine seem to have developed in sync with their host animals over millions of years. |
Study paves way for better treatment of lingering concussion symptoms Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT The results of the studyshow that significant levels of fatigue and poorer brain function can persist for months, or even years, following concussion. |
Research links civic engagement to resilience Posted: 16 May 2019 07:14 AM PDT Flowers, home-cooked meals and time were among the items donated in the aftermath of the Christchurch terror attacks. A new study has found these simple acts of kindness not only benefited victims, but strengthened the well-being and resilience of those giving them. |
Warming climate threatens microbes in alpine streams Posted: 16 May 2019 06:08 AM PDT Changes to alpine streams fed by glaciers and snowfields due to a warming climate threaten to dramatically alter the types of bacteria and other microbes in those streams, according to new research. But streams that are fed by underground ice insulated by rock -- called 'icy seeps' -- offer some hope that the impact of climate change will be less severe in some areas. |
Australian islands home to 414 million pieces of plastic pollution Posted: 16 May 2019 06:08 AM PDT A survey of plastic pollution on Australia's Cocos (Keeling) Islands has revealed the territory's beaches are littered with an estimated 414 million pieces of plastic debris. The study estimated beaches on the Indian Ocean islands are littered with 238 tons of plastic, including 977,000 shoes and 373,000 toothbrushes. |
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