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ScienceDaily: Top News |
| New sensor detects valuable rare earth element terbium from non-traditional sources Posted: 25 Aug 2021 03:53 PM PDT A new luminescent sensor can detect terbium, a valuable rare earth element used in smart phone displays, from complex environmental samples like acid mine waste. |
| Young athletes with history of concussions may have more changes to their brains Posted: 25 Aug 2021 01:36 PM PDT A new study suggests athletes with a history of concussion may show more brain injury from a later concussion, particularly in middle regions of the brain that are more susceptible to damage, when compared to athletes with no history of concussion. |
| Add it up: Could this test equal a way to determine dementia risk? Posted: 25 Aug 2021 01:36 PM PDT People whose scores on a dementia risk test indicated a less brain-healthy lifestyle, including smoking, high blood pressure and a poor diet, may also have the following: lower scores on thinking skills tests, more changes on brain scans and a higher risk of cognitive impairment, according to a new study. |
| New study gives insight into how often COVID-19 spreads through households Posted: 25 Aug 2021 12:37 PM PDT A new study demonstrates how quickly COVID-19 can spread through a household, and provides insight into how and why communities of color have suffered disproportionately from the pandemic. |
| Robot mimics the powerful punch of the mantis shrimp Posted: 25 Aug 2021 12:37 PM PDT Mantis shrimp pack the strongest punch of any creature in the animal kingdom. How mantis shrimp produce these deadly, ultra-fast movements has long fascinated biologists. Now, an interdisciplinary team of roboticists, engineers and biologists have modeled the mechanics of the mantis shrimp's punch and built a robot that mimics the movement. The research sheds light on the biology of these pugnacious crustaceans and paves the way for small but mighty robotic devices. |
| Confiscated fossil turns out to be exceptional flying reptile from Brazil Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:31 AM PDT A fossil acquired in a police raid has turned out to be one of the best-preserved flying reptiles ever found, according to a new study. |
| Researchers identify genetic cause of endometriosis and reveal potential drug target Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:31 AM PDT New research offers insight into how to treat endometriosis. The researchers performed genetic analyses of humans and rhesus macaques to identify a specific gene, NPSR1, that increases risk of suffering from endometriosis. The results reveal a potential new nonhormonal drug target that may lead to improved therapy. |
| Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:31 AM PDT A Wistar study shows the tumor suppressor Parkin, whose levels are reduced in different cancer types, causes acute metabolic and oxidative stress, suppresses mitochondrial trafficking, and blocks tumor cell movement, reducing primary and metastatic tumor growth. |
| ‘Nanojars’ capture dissolved carbon dioxide, toxic ions from water Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:31 AM PDT Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves in waterways, forming bicarbonate ions and other compounds that change water chemistry, with possible harmful effects on aquatic organisms. In addition, bicarbonate can reenter the atmosphere as carbon dioxide later. Now, researchers have developed tiny 'nanojars' that split bicarbonate into carbonate and capture it, as well as certain toxic anions, so they can be removed from water. |
| Exposure to tobacco smoke in early life is associated with accelerated biological aging, study finds Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:31 AM PDT A new study analyzes the association between more than 100 environmental exposures and the 'epigenetic clock' of over 1,000 children in six European countries. |
| New research finds gender differences in fear and risk perception during COVID-19 Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT New research suggests that men and women worry about the impact of COVID-19 in far different ways. For example, men are more likely to be concerned about financial consequences from COVID-19 while women report greater fear and more negative expectations about health-related outcomes. |
| Physicists make laser beams visible in vacuum Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT A beam of light can only be seen when it hits matter particles and is scattered or reflected by them. In a vacuum, however, it is invisible. Physicists have now developed a method that allows laser beams to be visualized even under these conditions. The method makes it easier to perform the ultra-precise laser alignment required to manipulate individual atoms. |
| Pictograms are first written accounts of earthquakes in pre-Hispanic Mexico Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT The Codex Telleriano Remensis, created in the 16th century in Mexico, depicts earthquakes in pictograms that are the first written evidence of earthquakes in the Americas in pre-Hispanic times, according to a pair of researchers who have systematically studied the country's historical earthquakes. |
| A game changer: Virtual reality reduces pain and anxiety in children Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT Randomized clinical trial shows that engaging in virtual reality can significantly reduce pain and anxiety in children undergoing intravenous catheter placement. |
| Fossils illuminate dinosaur evolution in eastern North America Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT Tyrannosaurus rex, the fearsome predator that once roamed what is now western North America, appears to have had an East Coast cousin. A new study describes two dinosaurs that inhabited Appalachia -- a once isolated land mass that today composes much of the eastern United States -- about 85 million years ago: an herbivorous duck-billed hadrosaur and a carnivorous tyrannosaur. |
| Dams ineffective for cold-water conservation Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT Knowing where cold water is likely to stay cold is critical for conservation. But "cold" is more than just a number on a thermometer. Dams do not adequately support cold-water ecosystems, finds a new study. |
| In hot weather, outdoor laborers work less -- when economy is growing Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT A new analysis suggests that U.S. workers in industries that expose them to weather conditions work fewer hours per day when temperatures surpass 90 degrees Fahrenheit -- but only during periods of economic growth. |
| Central European prehistory was highly dynamic Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:30 AM PDT Recent archaeogenetic studies have shown that human movements like migrations and expansions played a major role in driving the spread of cultures and genes in ancient Europe. However, it is only now with detailed regional studies and dense sampling that researchers start to better understand the magnitude, rate and social implications of these changes. |
| Protecting gardens and crops from insects using the ‘smell of fear’ Posted: 25 Aug 2021 11:29 AM PDT For home gardeners and farmers, herbivorous insects present a major threat. The predator insects that feed on these bugs emit odors that pests can sense, which changes the pests' behavior and physiology to avoid being eaten. With bugs becoming more resistant to traditional pesticides, researchers now report they have bottled the 'smell of fear' produced by predators to repel and disrupt insects naturally. |
| Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:37 AM PDT An international study found that intact tropical mountain (or montane) forests in Africa store around 150 tons of carbon per hectare. This means that keeping a hectare of forest standing saves CO2 emissions equivalent to powering 100 homes with electricity for one year. |
| Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Pulling heat-trapping carbon dioxide out of the air and turning it into useful products, a concept called carbon capture and utilization, has the potential to offer both environmental and economic benefits. |
| Sibling's likelihood of autism diagnosis impacted by age gap, study finds Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Mothers of children with autism who delayed their subsequent pregnancy by 2.5 to three years reduced the likelihood of their next child also being diagnosed on the spectrum, new research shows. |
| Baby detector software embedded in digital camera rivals ECG Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Facial recognition is now common in adults, but researchers have developed software that can reliably detect a premature baby's face in an incubator and remotely monitor its heart and breathing rates - rivaling ECG machines and even outperforming them. This is the first step in using non-contact monitoring in neonatal wards, avoiding skin tearing and potential infections from adhesive pads. |
| Unrealistic experiments mean true impact of nitrogen pollution on the environment is unknown Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Unrealistic and flawed scientific experiments mean the true impact of nitrogen pollution on the environment is unknownremains poorly understood, a new study warns. |
| Oldest genome from Wallacea shows previously unknown ancient human relations Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT The oldest genome of a modern human from the Wallacea region -- the islands between western Indonesia and Papua New Guinea -- indicates a previously undescribed ancient human relationship. Researchers were able to isolate sufficient genetic material from the skull of an individual buried more than 7,000 years ago on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. It belonged to a hunter-gatherer society and was interred at the site now called Leang Panninge ('Bat Cave'). A large part of the genetic code matched that of today's Papua New Guineans and Aboriginal Australians. Yet portions of the genome did not match these groups. This brings new surprises about the evolution of modern humans. |
| Creation of the most perfect graphene Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Researchers have achieved growth and characterization of large area, single-crystal graphene that has no wrinkles, folds, or adlayers. It can be said to be the most perfect graphene that has been grown and characterized, to date. |
| Scientists capture a ‘quantum tug’ between neighboring water molecules Posted: 25 Aug 2021 08:36 AM PDT Researchers have made the first direct observation of how hydrogen atoms in water molecules tug and push neighboring water molecules when they are excited with laser light. |
| 'Nanopore-tal' enables cells to talk to computers Posted: 25 Aug 2021 07:14 AM PDT Researchers have introduced a new class of reporter proteins that can be directly read by a commercially available nanopore sensing device. |
| Why do short-lived lung infections lead to long-lasting lung damage? Posted: 25 Aug 2021 07:14 AM PDT Researchers have found that two populations of stem cells in the lung multiply during and after a viral respiratory infection, sometimes triggering a detrimental remodeling process that can cause persistent lung disease long after the virus has been cleared. |
| CT scan of an ancient reptile skull reveals little evolutionary change over 22 million years Posted: 25 Aug 2021 07:14 AM PDT A CT scan of the skull of a long-necked plesiosaur shows the cranial architecture of these long-extinct marine reptiles didn't evolve much over 22 million years that they lived during the Cretaceous time. That's very unusual, according to a paleontologist. |
| Janus graphene opens doors to sustainable sodium-ion batteries Posted: 25 Aug 2021 05:03 AM PDT Sodium is one of the most abundant and affordable metals in the world. Now researchers present a concept that allows sodium-ion batteries to match the capacity of today's lithium-ion batteries. Using a novel type of graphene, they stacked specially designed graphene sheets with molecules in between. The new material allows the sodium ions to efficiently store energy. |
| Portable MRI provides life-saving information to doctors treating strokes Posted: 25 Aug 2021 05:03 AM PDT When patients exhibit stroke symptoms, doctors must quickly make a life or death determination: Are their symptoms caused by a clot that can be treated with blood thinners or by bleeding in the brain, which may require surgery? A new study shows that a portable MRI device can help identify such intracranial hemorrhages, potentially life-saving information particularly in areas or scenarios where access to sophisticated brain imaging scans are not readily available. |
| Large genetic analysis identifies numerous gene variants linked with differences in food intake Posted: 24 Aug 2021 02:44 PM PDT A team of researchers have identified more than two dozen genetic regions that may affect individuals' food intake. |
| Using your smartwatch to reduce stress Posted: 24 Aug 2021 02:44 PM PDT An engineering researcher has modified a smartwatch to reduce stress. The new technology monitors sweat to infer brain stress and, when detected, sends a message through the smartwatch to calm down. |
| New quantum 'stopwatch' can improve imaging technologies Posted: 24 Aug 2021 11:35 AM PDT Engineers have developed the most efficient device to date for counting single photons, or the tiny packets of energy that make up light. |
| Posted: 24 Aug 2021 10:53 AM PDT New research has confirmed that keeping car windows open to draw in fresh air is key to reducing the risk of contracting the virus in vehicle environments -- but there are trade-offs. |
| Posted: 24 Aug 2021 10:53 AM PDT A new study has shown that the tumor-inhibiting gene TET2 is silenced in a large fraction of cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. The scientists show that the gene can be reactivated by treatment with an existing drug, 5-azacytidine. The results suggest that 5-azacytidine may function as targeted therapy for ALL in children. |
| Scientists discover a fundamental feature of aggressive lymphomas Posted: 24 Aug 2021 10:53 AM PDT New research has revealed a new fundamental feature of aggressive B-cell lymphomas which could open the door to further research into early detection and treatment of the disease. |
| Psychological capital may be the antidote for working in a pandemic, study suggests Posted: 24 Aug 2021 10:53 AM PDT Just like the COVID-19 vaccine protects against contracting the contagious virus, the collective elements of self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resiliency helps inoculate employees from the negative effects of working through a pandemic, according to a new study. |
| Evolutionary ‘arms race’ may help keep cell division honest Posted: 24 Aug 2021 10:53 AM PDT Certain proteins may have evolved to tamp down 'cheating' during meiosis, the cell-division process that gives rise to eggs and sperm. While chromosomes can tip the scales in their favor of winding up in an egg, the team's new work identifies a mechanism that keeps the odds closer to 50-50, possibly reducing the likelihood that chromosomal abnormalities will arise during egg production. |
| What effect does early social contact have on dairy calves' welfare? Posted: 24 Aug 2021 09:10 AM PDT Early socialization of dairy calves is sometimes given lesser priority in the interest of physical health, with young calves housed individually to prevent the spread of contagious diseases such as those that cause diarrhea, or scours, a major source of calf mortality. In a new study, scientists investigated whether this individually housed tactic is justified and what unintended consequences it may have. |
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