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ScienceDaily: Top Technology News |
| Two-in-one: Wide-angle monitoring meets high-resolution capture in new camera platform Posted: 13 May 2021 02:35 PM PDT In most cameras, there is a trade-off between the field-of-view and resolution. Omnidirectional cameras offer a 360-degree field of view but poor resolution. In a new study, researchers design a dual camera-based platform employing an omnidirectional camera for target detection and a separate camera for its high-resolution capture and report an overall improved performance, opening doors to potential applications in security systems. |
| Domino-like crystallization of glass Posted: 13 May 2021 11:25 AM PDT Researchers have revealed the thermodynamics and kinetics that facilitate crystal growth in deeply supercooled liquids and glasses. Their insights will help people exploit this atypical crystal growth behavior to enhance glass stability and crystal quality for applications. |
| A sibling-guided strategy to capture the 3D shape of the human face Posted: 13 May 2021 11:25 AM PDT A new strategy for capturing the 3D shape of the human face draws on data from sibling pairs and leads to identification of novel links between facial shape traits and specific locations within the human genome. |
| Making AI algorithms show their work Posted: 13 May 2021 11:24 AM PDT Artificial intelligence (AI) learning machines can be trained to solve problems and puzzles on their own instead of using rules that we made for them. But often, researchers do not know what rules the machines make for themselves. A new method quizzes a machine-learning program to figure out what rules it learned on its own and if they are the right ones. |
| Causes of concrete and asphalt deterioration explained Posted: 13 May 2021 11:24 AM PDT Scientists reveal that the deterioration of modern concrete and asphalt structures is due to the presence of trace quantities of organic matter in these structures. |
| Carbon emissions from dams considerably underestimated so far Posted: 13 May 2021 11:24 AM PDT Among other things, dams serve as reservoirs for drinking water, agricultural irrigation, or the operation of hydropower plants. Until now, it had been assumed that dams act as net carbon stores. Researchers have now shown that dams release twice as much carbon as they store. |
| Tiny cloud of atoms can be turned from a heat engine into a cooler Posted: 13 May 2021 09:40 AM PDT The demonstration that a tiny cloud of atoms can be turned from a heat engine into a cooler by cranking up the interactions between the particles provides both deep fundamental insight and a possible template for more efficient thermoelectric devices. |
| New evidence for electron's dual nature found in a quantum spin liquid Posted: 13 May 2021 09:39 AM PDT New experiments provide evidence for a decades-old theory that, in the quantum regime, an electron behaves as if it is made of two particles: one particle that carries its negative charge and the other that gives it a magnet-like property called spin. The team detected evidence for this theory in materials called quantum spin liquids. |
| Researchers 3D print complex micro-optics with improved imaging performance Posted: 13 May 2021 09:39 AM PDT Researchers detail how they used a type of 3D printing known as two-photon lithography to create lenses that combine refractive and diffractive surfaces. |
| Hidden processes at work in the hearts of large stars revealed Posted: 13 May 2021 09:39 AM PDT Astronomers commonly refer to massive stars as the chemical factories of the Universe. They generally end their lives in spectacular supernovae, events that forge many of the elements on the periodic table. How elemental nuclei mix within these enormous stars has a major impact on our understanding of their evolution prior to their explosion. It also represents the largest uncertainty for scientists studying their structure and evolution. |
| Ion-selective smart porous membranes Posted: 13 May 2021 07:00 AM PDT Researchers have developed an ion-selective smart porous membrane that can respond to outer stimuli, potentially paving the way for new applications in molecular separation and sensing applications. |
| Quantum machine learning hits a limit Posted: 13 May 2021 07:00 AM PDT A black hole permanently scrambles information that can't be recovered with any quantum machine learning algorithm, shedding new light on the classic Hayden-Preskill thought experiment. |
| Congestion pricing could shrink car size Posted: 13 May 2021 05:48 AM PDT Rush hour will likely return when pandemic lockdowns lift, but a new study suggests that congestion pricing -- policies that charge tolls for driving during peak hours -- could not only cure traffic jams but also convince motorists it is safe to buy smaller, more efficient cars. |
| How AIs ask for personal information is important for gaining user trust Posted: 12 May 2021 04:45 PM PDT Researchers report that users responded differently when AIs either offered to help the user, or asked for help from the user. This response influenced whether the user trusted the AI with their personal information. They added that these introductions from the AI could be designed in a way to both increase users' trust, as well as raise their awareness about the importance of personal information. |
| Measuring brain blood flow and activity with light Posted: 12 May 2021 04:45 PM PDT A new, noninvasive method for measuring brain blood flow with light has been developed by biomedical engineers and neurologists and used to detect brain activation. The new method, functional interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy, or fiDWS, promises to be cheaper than existing technology and could be used for assessing brain injuries, or in neuroscience research. |
| New research may explain shortages in STEM careers Posted: 12 May 2021 01:40 PM PDT A new study revealed that more college students change majors within the STEM pipeline than leave the career path of science, technology, engineering and mathematics altogether. |
| Mechanism deciphered: How organic acids are formed in the atmosphere Posted: 12 May 2021 11:35 AM PDT The acidity of the atmosphere is increasingly determined by carbon dioxide and organic acids such as formic acid. The second of these impact the growth of clouds and pH of rainwater. But the chemical processes behind the formation of formic acid were not well understood. Researchers have now succeeded in filling this gap. |
| Scientists create a new type of intelligent material Posted: 12 May 2021 11:33 AM PDT Researchers have created a new class of intelligent materials. It has the structure of a two-dimensional (2D) material, but behaves like an electrolyte - and could be a new way to deliver drugs within the body. |
| Better integrated circuits with glide symmetry Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT Engineers show that when serious line-to-line interference damages the performance of circuits, an alternating arrangement of glide and nonglide symmetric TLs can restore and guarantee signal accuracy. |
| Rapid COVID-19 diagnostic test delivers results within 4 minutes with 90 percent accuracy Posted: 12 May 2021 08:56 AM PDT A low-cost, rapid diagnostic test provides COVID-19 results within four minutes with 90 percent accuracy, researchers report. A paper details the fast and inexpensive diagnostic test, called RAPID 1.0. Compared to existing methods for COVID-19 detection, RAPID is inexpensive and highly scalable, allowing the production of millions of units per week. |
| Of mice and spacemen: Understanding muscle wasting at the molecular level Posted: 11 May 2021 09:36 AM PDT Skeletal muscles undergo atrophy, or wasting, under conditions of reduced gravity, such as during spaceflight. Researchers explored the effects of microgravity and artificial gravity (1 g) on mice housed at the International Space Station for 35 days. Artificial gravity successfully prevented the gross and molecular changes observed in the muscles of mice subjected to microgravity. |
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